软X光辐射烧蚀实验方法研究

 用强激光辐照金箔靶，以金箔背侧软X光辐射为基础，提出了软X光辐射烧蚀研究的新靶型、新方法，做了C₈H₈样品辐射烧蚀初步实验。     

0.53μm激光辐照金盘靶的光散射机制研究

报道了０．５３μｍ高功率激光辐照金盘靶产生的受激拉曼散射光光谱和散射光谱能量角分布，由散射光角分布计算的散射光能量与实验通过打靶透镜测得的受激拉曼散射能量不符，而且角的分布的实验结果与受激布里渊散射理论也不符。     

Concurrent Detection of Protein Adsorption on Mixed Nanoparticles by Differential Centrifugal Sedimentation

In mixtures of nanoparticles of various sizes or compositions, monitoring protein partitioning on their surfaces provides important information about particle–protein interactions during competitive adsorption. Utilizing the size‐resolving capability of differential centrifugal sedimentation, the adsorption of bovine serum albumin on multisize gold nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 20 to 100 nm or gold, silver, and silica nanoparticles with similar diameter can be concurrently observed. This method can be used to gain insight into nanoparticle–protein interactions based on analyses of curvature and relative abundance.     

Metal–Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Correlative High‐Resolution Light and Electron Microscopy

The combination of fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy promises a deeper insight into the ultrastructural features of cell organelles, e.g., after drug administration. Both methods complement each other and provide, as a correlative approach, a keen insight into the fate of nanoparticles within the cell. Moreover, it represents a promising tool to determine alterations of the cellular environment as a response to particle uptake. However, the availability of suitable correlative markers is mandatory for such correlative approaches. In this contribution, the utilization of poly(ethylene imine) based metal–polymer hybrid particles labeled with small gold nanoparticles and Rhodamine B facilitating the observation of the particles by means of fluorescence as well as by transmission electron microscopy is suggested. Correlative light and electron microscopy is used to study uptake and intracellular fusion processes of endosomal/lysosomal structures.     

Preconcentration and Separation of Gold(III) from Ore Samples by Solid-Phase Extraction Prior to Its Catalytic Fluorescent Determination

ABSTRACT

A new catalytic kinetic fluorescent quenching method for the determination of trace gold(III) was investigated. The method was based on the catalytic effect of gold on oxidation of 3-(3′-methylphenyl)-5- (2′-arsenoxylphenylazo) rhodanine by hydrogen peroxide in potassium hydrogen phthalate–hydrochloric acid (pH = 3.4). Under the optimum conditions, the great decrease of fluorescence intensity has a linear relationship against the concentration of gold in the range of 0 to 12.0 µg·L^?1 with a detection limit of 6.0 × 10^?10g·L^?1. The coexistent metal ions can be separated, and gold can be enriched by TBP resin of solid-phase extraction, which greatly improves the selectivity and sensitivity of the system. The method can be used to determine trace amounts of gold in ore samples successfully with satisfactory results.     

纳米金丝的生长序列、奇特结构和性质

文章扼要报道了用遗传算法和分子动力学以及密度泛函理论对纳米金丝的结构和电子性质随直径变化进行系统研究的结果,发现对于较细的纳米金丝、主要呈螺旋和多层壁的圆柱结构,而当纳米金丝的直径大于3mm时,则呈fcc块体类结构,并且晶化过程是从轴心开始的,振动谱和电子性质和也随纳米金丝半径增大而由分子型向块体行为转变。     

Detection and analysis of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) in environmental samples by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Techniques for rapid and sensitive detection of energetics such as cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) are needed both for environmental and security screening applications. Here we report the use of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy to detect traces of RDX with good sensitivity and reproducibility. Using gold (Au) nanoparticles (∼90–100 nm in diameter) as SERS substrates, RDX was detectable at concentrations as low as 0.15 mg/l in a contaminated groundwater sample. This detection limit is about two orders of magnitude lower than those reported previously using SERS techniques. A surface enhancement factor of ∼6 × 10⁴ was obtained. This research further demonstrates the potential for using SERS as a rapid, in situ field screening tool for energetics detection when coupled with a portable Raman spectrometer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Shape-Adaptability and Redox-Switching Properties of a Di-Gold Metallotweezer

The use of a carbazolyl-connected di-gold(I) metallotweezer for the encapsulation of several electron-poor organic substrates, and a planar Au(III) complex containing a CNC pincer ligand, is described. The binding affinity of the receptor depends on the electron-deficient character of the planar guest, with larger association constants found for the more electron-poor guests. The X-ray diffraction molecular structures of two host:guest adducts show that the host approaches its arms in order to facilitate the optimum interaction with the surface of the planar guests, in a clear example of an guest-induced fit conformational arrangement. The electrochemical studies of the encapsulation of N,N’-dimethyl-naphthalenetetracarboxy diimide (NTCDI) show that the redox active guest is released from the receptor upon one electron reduction, thus constituting an example of redox-switchable binding.     

Dehydrogenative Meyer–Schuster‐Like Rearrangement: A Gold‐Catalyzed Reaction Generating an Alkyne

Easily accessible propargylic esters are converted to the inverted alkynyl ketones in an oxidative gold‐catalyzed reaction. Gagosz’s catalyst in combination with PhI(OAc)₂ is the best system for this conversion and 18 examples with yields up to 80 % are reported. The results indicate that the triple bond in the product is formed by elimination from a vinylgold intermediate. In a formal sense the new conversion overall is a dehydrogenative Meyer–Schuster rearrangement.     

Formal Total Synthesis of Kendomycin by Way of Alkyne Metathesis/Gold Catalysis

In an attempt to study the ability of the latest generation of alkyne metathesis catalysts to process sterically hindered substrates, two different routes to the bacterial metabolite kendomycin ( 1 ) were explored. Whereas the cyclization of the overcrowded arylalkyne 39 and related substrates turned out to be impractical or even impossible, ring closure of the slightly relaxed diyne 45 was achieved in excellent yield under notably mild conditions with the aid of the molybdenum alkylidyne 2 endowed with triphenylsilanolate ligands. The resulting cycloalkyne 46 was engaged into a gold‐catalyzed hydroalkoxylation, which led to benzofuran 47 that had already previously served as a late‐stage intermediate en route to 1 .