壳聚糖/壳聚糖季铵盐复合膜的性能研究

以戊二醛为交联剂，在壳聚糖膜上涂敷壳聚糖季铵盐(HACC)，制备了壳聚糖／壳聚糖季铵盐复合膜，并研究了壳聚糖季铵盐的取代度和戊二醛用量对复合膜各种性能的影响．用盐酸环丙沙星作为模型药物进行膜后载药，探讨了复合膜的药物缓释性能．结果表明：随交联剂用量增加复合膜的抗张强度先增后减，当交联剂用量为壳聚糖季铵盐用量的0．2％时，干、湿膜的抗张强度最大；所有复合膜的吸水率和抑菌性均较壳聚糖膜有所提高，且随着取代度增大，膜的吸水率和抑菌性增加；膜的吸水率和抑菌性随着交联剂用量增加而下降．膜的载药量随取代度和交联剂用量的增加而变小，载药膜有较好的药物缓释性能，药物释放可达180h．     

Combining a NHS ester and glutaraldehyde improves crosslinking prior to MALDI MS analysis of intact protein complexes

Protein complexes play pivotal roles in cellular life. Nevertheless, their characterization remains a substantial challenge. Mass spectrometry (MS) is an emerging tool to study protein assemblies, and electrospray ionization (ESI) is often used because it preserves non‐covalent interactions. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) represents an important alternative to ESI because it is more tolerant to salts and detergents (e.g. necessary in the case of membrane complex analyses). Prior to MALDI‐MS, the subunits should be crosslinked (XLed). Moreover, crosslinking (XLing) is useful when constraint distances are determined to obtain low‐resolution structural information. Here we report a novel XLing approach to study protein complexes with MALDI‐MS. We investigated two tetramers (i.e. alcohol dehydrogenase and aldolase) larger than 140 kDa at two pH values (7.2 and 8.0). We tested two different crosslinkers (XLers) (i.e. BS³ and glutaraldehyde), used separately or in combination. We utilized gentle agitation and ultracentrifugation. Our data shows that the pH influenced the XLing when using a single XLer. Combining two XLers was demonstrated to be more efficient than using a reagent alone. In particular, the combination determined a higher degree of XLing and lower mass shift. This could suggest a ranking in target amino acid availability. First residues at specific distances are linked by BS³, then glutaraldehyde binds residues that are still available at larger distances. Ultracentrifugation and gentle agitation both provide similar degrees of XLing, but the former method determined a lower mass increment resulting from redundant XLing. To conclude, we present an efficient dual XLing approach for determining mass and stoichiometry of protein assemblies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preparation of chitosan rods with excellent mechanical properties: One candidate for bone fracture internal fixation

Chitosan (CS) is one promising material as a temporary mechanical supporter for bone fracture internal fixation.In our previous work,we successfully fabricated CS rods through one in situ precipitation route.But bending strength and bending modulus of CS rods need to be improved to match the commercially available devices used for bone fracture internal fixation.In this research,CS rods were reinforced effectively through cross-linking reaction by using glutaraldehyde as the coupling reagent.Schiff’s base w...     

Acetylcholinesterase immobilised eggshell membrane-based optical biosensor for organophosphate detection

The development of an optical biosensor for the determination of malathion based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition using Ellman’s reagent is reported. The AChE has been immobilised onto the eggshell membrane (ESM) using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) studies and Fourier Transformed Infra-Red (FTIR) characterisations have been carried out to affirm the successful immobilisation of AChE onto the ESM. Under optimum conditions, the developed biosensor estimated the pesticide concentration in the range of 0.1–50 ng/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ng/mL within 30 min. Parameters affecting the biosensor response such as concentration of enzyme, substrate and inhibition time were optimised. The stability and reusability of the AChE/ESM sensor have been observed as 31 days at 4°C and two times, respectively.     

In Vitro Release of Local Anaesthetic and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs from Crosslinked Collagen Based Device

The drug delivery systems that are the object of this article take the form of a hydrophilic matrix (collagen or crosslinked collagen) containing a drug. These devices can be used as The model active agents, were chosen from the range of local anaesthetics (lidocaine hydrochloride), anti-inflammatory (diclofenac sodium salt) and antioxydant (caffeic acid). Whatever the drug affinity for water, in the first time of the experiments, the release appears to be systematically delayed when the matrix is crosslinked. For lidocaine hydrochloride based systems, as the amount of drug increases in the matrix, the high gap concentration between the matrix and the buffer solution promote the diffusion and a Fickian behavior is observed on the release curves. Depending on the chemical nature of the drug and its solubility, several interactions between the drug and the collagen matrix can be considered. A new drug delivery system containing caffeic acid as the anti-inflammatory and antioxydant molecule could be tested. This new system was able to release 95% of the drug in 5 h and the global release rate depends on the initial drug concentration in the device.     

戊二醛的杀菌活性和结构的关系研究

合成了类戊二醛（即聚丙烯酸）并测定了它和二醛的杀菌活性不仅与分子中的两个醛基有关，而且与两醛基之间的距离有很大的关系。醛基之间有三个直链碳原子的化合物具有最强的杀菌活性，醛基之间少于或多于三个碳原子的化合物杀菌活性较差，甚至无杀菌活性。     

Preparation and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol‐grafted Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles through glutaraldehyde

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are of great interest owing to their numerous existing and potential biomedical applications. To further explore the potential of MNPs in biomedical and other fields, we have designed and synthesized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer grafted Fe₃O₄ MNPs through glutaraldehyde (GLA) link. The success of this process has been ascertained using Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The FT‐IR analysis of resultant MNPs show infrared peak characteristics of PVA. TGA analysis clearly shows two major stages of thermal degradation, one corresponding to organic phase of PVA and GLA and another corresponding to Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. XRD results and SEM images further support the FT‐IR and TGA results and confirm the presence of PVA layer surrounding Fe₃O₄ MNP surface. Under SEM examination, the magnetic cores exhibit somewhat irregular shapes varying from spherical, to oval to cubic. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.