Evaluation of Support in Singing

This study searched for perceptual, acoustic, and physiological correlates of support in singing. Seven trained professional singers (four women and three men) sang repetitions of the syllable [pa:] at varying pitch and sound levels (1) habitually (with support) and (2) simulating singing without support. Estimate of subglottic pressure was obtained from oral pressure during [p]. Vocal fold vibration was registered with dual-channel electroglottography. Acoustic analyses were made on the recorded samples. All samples were also evaluated by the singers and other listeners, who were trained singers, singing students, and voice specialists without singing education (a total of 63 listeners). We rated both the overall voice quality and the amount of support. According to the results, it seemed impossible to observe any auditory differences between supported singing and good singing voice quality. The acoustic and physiological correlates of good voice quality in absolute values seem to be gender and task dependent, whereas the relative optimum seems to be reached at intermediate parameter values.     

一种最优控制的胞映射算法

由Hsu提出的利用胞映射进行最优控制的方法可以发展成实用的工程控制技术.本文以研究算法为出发点,利用胞映射的特性,结合实际的计算与可能,作了一系列旨在提高计算速度和节省内存的改进;并给出了简单有效的区分同耗最优控制对的统一的方法.使用平常的微型计算机也能有效地解决实际工程问题的最优控制.     

啁啾微波场中里德伯锂原子的相干激发与控制

运用含时多态展开方法和B-样条函数研究了微波场中里德伯锂原子高激发态的性质,得到锂原子量子态n=70-75,l=0-5的能量,并分析了里德伯锂原子高激发态n=70-75,l=0-5在微波场中的跃迁几率.结果表明:通过优化微波场参数可以实现量子系统从初始态到目标态的完全跃迁,且在跃迁过程中,每个l态都起至关重要的作用.     

基于背景光调制的复合光傅里叶变换轮廓术

提出一种基于背景光调制的用于傅里叶变换轮廓术测量范围的复合光栅,该光栅通过调制一正弦条纹和不含任何相位信息的背景光来抑制零频,较基于相移技术的复合光栅有更大的优势:背景光只含直流分量,使得复合光栅的频谱更加简单,有利于滤出载波信息,提高测量精度;对从复合光栅中解调出来的背景光只涉及平均值校准,校准过程更为简单;解调出的背景光与物体表面的反射率成正比,具有潜在的应用价值。采用Matlab程序对该复合光栅进行了数值模拟,并对该光栅实用性进行了实验研究,结果证实了该光栅用于抑制零频、扩大傅里叶变换轮廓术测量范围的有效性,且提高了测量精度。     

基于亚微米光栅透射共振蛋白质检测模型研究

建立了一种基于亚微米光栅透射共振理论的蛋白质检测模型,设计了一种金属光栅型蛋白质检测生物传感器,运用光栅耦合激发表面等离子体共振理论对提出的模型进行了理论分析,通过计算机计算模拟,分析了蛋白质样品折射率、厚度等对透射率的影响。结果表明:透射率与样品折射率、厚度呈二阶多项式关系,并且厚度、折射率都随灵敏度的增加而增加。这种检测模型可应用在蛋白质检测传感方面。基于此方法的蛋白质检测模型具有同时检测蛋白质种类和含量、灵敏度高、实时、无需标记,便于集成芯片化,适用于批量生产、成本低等优点,在蛋白质芯片、生物分析、环境监测、生物器件研发等方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

傅里叶红外光谱法研究GAP/AP混合体系的快速热裂解

用T-Jump/FTIR在线联用分析技术,研究了GAP/AP混合体系在模拟燃烧条件下快速加热高温高压的热裂解。结果表明,GAP/AP混合体系的主要热裂解气相产物的组成发生了变化,说明组分之间存在相互作用。压力对GAP/AP混合体系气相产物有明显的影响,表明混合体系组分GAP和AP之间的相互作用是通过AP分解气相产物进行的,混合体系不但存在气相之间的反应,也存在气相/凝聚相反应。而温度并没有影响AP对GAP的作用。用T-Jump/FTIR在线分析技术能够实现模拟燃烧条件下含能材料实时气体产物分析,为从微观反应的角度探索含能材料的快速高压热裂解及其组分之间的相互作用提供一条技术途径。     

利用多层膜生长技术制备纳米印章模板

在纳米印章技术中，为克服电子束刻蚀制备50nm以下线条的技术难点，利用等离子增强化学 气相沉积技术制备了a-Si/SiN_x多层膜，再利用选择性湿法腐蚀或干法腐蚀在横 截面上制备出浮雕型一维纳米级模板. 多层膜子层之间界面清晰陡峭，可以在纳米量级对子 层厚度进行控制，得到了侧壁在纳米尺度上平滑的模板. 通过控制多层膜子层的生长时间， 制备出线条宽度和槽状宽度均为20nm的等间距模板，品质优于电子束刻蚀技术制备的模板. 关键词： 纳米印章模板 多层膜生长技术     

Self-marking phase-stepping electronic speckle pattern interfometry (ESPI) for 3D displacement measurement on cathode ray tube (CRT)-panels

This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying phase-shifting electronic speckle pattern interfometry to measure the deformation field of the front panel of a cathode ray tube, to support analysis to enhance the implosion-resistance capacity under violent collapse. Two effects, the air exhaustion and shrink band constraint effects, are comprehensively investigated. The angle of an adjustable mirror is switched, to provide three sensitivity vectors that are required in 3D-displacement measurement. A Fourier filtration is employed to remove speckle noise and establish a noise-free phase map. Inconsistent points are identified and masked to prevent any possible divergence during phase unwrapping. The results show that the accuracy of this method is satisfactory.     

Constructions of Beyond-Birthday Secure PRFs from Random Permutations,Revisited

In CRYPTO 2019, Chen et al. showed how to construct pseudorandom functions (PRFs) from random permutations (RPs), and they gave one beyond-birthday secure construction from sum of Even-Mansour, namely SoEM22 in the single-key setting. In this paper, we improve their work by proving the multi-key security of SoEM22, and further tweaking SoEM22 but still preserving beyond birthday bound (BBB) security. Furthermore, we use only one random permutation to construct parallelizable and succinct beyond-birthday secure PRFs in the multi-key setting, and then tweak this new construction. Moreover, with a slight modification of our constructions of tweakable PRFs, two parallelizable nonce based MACs for variable length messages are obtained.     

A comparative in vitro study of the digestibility of heat- and high pressure-induced gels prepared from industrial milk whey proteins

We undertook this study to compare the digestibility of heat- and high pressure-induced gels produced from whey protein isolate (WPI). To simulate in vivo gastrointestinal digestion of WPI gels, a pepsin–trypsin digestion system was used. The in vitro protein digestibility of WPI gels induced by high pressure (400 MPa and 30 min; P-gel) and those induced by heat (80°C and 30 min; H-gel) was compared using a protein concentration of 0.14 g mL^?1. The in vitro protein digestibility of P-gels was significantly greater than that of H-gels (p<0.05). The size-exclusion chromatography profiles of the hydrolysates showed that the P-gel generated more and smaller peptides than natural WPI and H-gels. Furthermore, Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis showed some soluble disulfide-mediated aggregation in the P-gel, while there was more insoluble aggregation in the H-gel than the P-gel. The P-gel was more sensitive to proteinase than the H-gel, which was related to the content of S–S bonds, and this in turn could be attributed to the differences in the gelation mechanism between the H-gel and P-gel.