微通道板X射线探测器

在激光等离子体实验研究中,为了更好地了解激光与等离子体相互作用过程中所发生的物理过程,要求能够高时间分辨地观测等离子体所辐射的X射线的特征。测量的关键在于X射线探测元件,既要有快的时间响应,又要能够输出足够大的光电流,以便直接驱动高速示波器,进行显示和照像。普通的闪烁体/光电倍增管X射线探测器,由于闪烁体荧光有着固有的衰减时间,以及普通的光电倍增管中的电子飞行时间离散严重,时间分辨力难以提高。     

Neutral particle modelling assumptions: Theory and experiment

The neutral particle recycling models that have been used to date in numerical plasma confinement simulations are by no means equivalent but may lead, instead, to divergent results. As a consequence of this confinement studies based on individual neutral assumptions must be received with a healthy degree of scepticism. We go on to compare experimental observations of the time development of plasma density, temperature, and neutral pressure made in an electrostatic surface trap with numerical plasma simulations incorporating a number of alternative neutral models.     

Kinetic study of the heterogeneous Si/H system under low-pressure plasma conditions by means of mass spectrometry

The kinetics of the silicon/hydrogen low-pressure discharge system have been measured using a flow technique and mass spectrometry. Results show that at long residence times the system operates under a partial chemical equilibrium even though it is not at thermodynamic equilibrium. The present work indicates that the decisive parameter controlling the structural properties of the deposit (i.e., the formation of either amorphous or microcrystalline silicon) is the departure of the system from the partial chemical equilibrium.     

Perspectives in neutron physics research

Discovery of the neutron in 1932 by Chadwick ushered in a new era of scientific research and technology. The neutron is endowed with unique properties in its mass, life time, spin and magnetic moment etc and every important property has been used in the study of condensed matter, biological molecules, nuclear forces, stellar objects and other fields. Neutron has a wide range of applications in power production, breeding of fissile fuel, radiography, medicine and others.     

Use of solvents in the low-pressure plasma oxidation of olefins

The oxidation ofn-octene has been studied in mixtures with dimethylbutane, 1,4-dimethylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, and dibutyl ether. Except for dimethylbutane, total yields increase on addition of a solvent, and the fraction of epoxide among the products is higher than in reactions with neat octene.     

Fake double layers in double plasma devices

The double layer like potential jumps have been observed in a double plasma device. They do not correspond to a switching of plasma potential from one metastable state to another but are caused by the ionisation of a very minute amount of the gas that inevitably leaks into the system during the probe movement.     

非平衡磁控溅射沉积系统伏安特性模型研究

非平衡磁控溅射沉积系统的伏安特性对阴极溅射和薄膜沉积过程具有重要的影响.通过分析在常规磁控溅射沉积系统中非平衡磁场对于放电过程的影响，根据蔡尔得定律研究了非平衡磁场对磁控溅射沉积系统伏安特性影响的基本规律；根据模型和实验数据的对比证明模型正确表达了非平衡磁控溅射沉积系统中非平衡磁场对伏安特性影响的规律. 关键词： 等离子体 金属薄膜/非磁性 磁控溅射     

Investigation of the structure of a strong electric discharge in a high-velocity air flow

Many studies devoted to both the theoretical and the experimental analysis of the problem of controlling the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles using local heat-generating zones organized by means of external fuel combustion or directly as a result of the Joule dissipation of an electric current have recently been published. In this study attention is concentrated on the latter case.Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Academii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 6, 2004, pp. 163–175. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Alfyorov.     

在激光等离子体中产生高电荷态离子的新途径

本文提出一种在激光等离子体中产生高丰度高电荷态离子的新途径，即通过共振光激发和碰撞电离混合过程来实现，模型计算表明，这一混合过程对提高高电荷态离子丰度的有效性，有关实验也证明这一过程的重要作用。