激光拉曼光谱法测定天然气组成标准研究

进行了天然气组成分析-激光拉曼光谱法标准化研究,探讨了激光拉曼天然气组成分析方法标准化的可行性。采用激光拉曼光谱进行天然气组成分析,无需将天然气中各组分分离便可实现多组分同步检测,减少分析时长,提高测量的实时性,实现快速分析,通过国内外激光拉曼天然气分析方法和标准的研究和实验,掌握了国内外激光拉曼天然气分析方法技术现状及发展方向,积累了激光拉曼天然气分析试验数据,结果表明激光拉曼天然气分析具有可快速检测(10 s)、连续记录和操作简单的优点,适用于天然气录井、井站、集气站原料气气质分析和天然气净化处理中过程控制中实时快速获取气质数据,建议制定激光拉曼光谱天然气分析方法标准,测量组分为CO₂,N₂,H₂S,CH₄,C₂H₆,C₃H₈,测量范围分别为：CH₄：75%~99.9%,C₂H₆：0.005%~20%,C₃H₈：0.005%~10%,H₂S：0.001 5%~10%,N₂：0.02%~10%,CO₂：0.01%~10%(上述浓度均为摩尔分数),为上游领域天然气勘探开发及过程控制服务。     

水平梯度表面能材料表面上的滴状凝结换热系数

本文在均质表面的单个球缺形液滴换热模型和液滴通用尺度分布规律的基础上,结合梯度表面能材料表面的液滴分布和凝结换热特性,得到了一维水平梯度表面能材料表面上的滴状凝结换热计算式。在此基础上,研究了壁面过冷度、接触角梯度、工质物性等参数对梯度表面能材料表面滴状凝结换热性能的影响。结果表明:随着过冷度的增加和凝结工质汽化潜热的增大和表面张力的减小和接触角梯度的增大,平均表面凝结换热系数会增大。     

基于14 MeV中子的烧氚历史诊断模拟研究

针对直接测量16.7 MeV进行烧氚历史诊断所需聚变产额高的情况,模拟研究了利用14 MeV中子与副靶作用产生的非弹伽马进行烧氚历史诊断的情况,计算了几种材料14 MeV中子作用产生的次级伽马能谱以及切伦科夫辐射阈能之上的非弹伽马数目,对副靶材料和厚度进行了选择。计算了14 MeV中子产生的切伦科夫光子时间谱,分析了光电转换器件处伽马、电子以及正电子等噪声信号,分析了气体切伦科夫系统测量统计涨落与聚变中子产额之间的关系,确定了气体切伦科夫系统所适用的最低聚变中子产额,通过测量14 MeV中子与副靶产生的非弹伽马进行烧氚历史诊断较直接测量16.7 MeV伽马可将测量所需聚变中子产额降低2个量级。     

用Bragg光纤测量气体浓度

基于气体的光谱吸收特性,本文提出了一种采用Bragg空芯光纤作为吸收池的新型光纤气体传感器.运用解析法和微扰分析法求解了Bragg空芯光纤中的相对灵敏系数.由于场分布主要集中在芯区,对气体损耗较为敏感,因此,这种光纤气体传感器具有灵敏度高、快速响应、结构简单的特点.耦合多个波长可实现对多种气体同时测量.     

Complex-valued fractional statistics for D-dimensional harmonic oscillators

A system of isotropic harmonic oscillators obeying the Polychronakos fractional statistics with a complex parameter in a space having the dimension D>1$D>1$ is studied. Temperature dependences of the thermodynamic functions are analyzed in different temperature domains. The nature of the observed phase transitions is clarified. Both numerical and analytical estimates for the critical temperature are made depending on the number of particles, space dimensionality, and statistics parameter. Approximate correspondence with some other fractional statistics types is established.     

The role of the dynamic pressure in stationary heat conduction of a rarefied polyatomic gas

The effect of the dynamic pressure (non-equilibrium pressure) on stationary heat conduction in a rarefied polyatomic gas at rest is elucidated by the theory of extended thermodynamics. It is shown that this effect is observable in a non-polytropic gas. Numerical studies are presented for a para-hydrogen gas as a typical example.     

Quantum phase diagram for homogeneous Bose‐Einstein condensate

We calculate the quantum phase transition for a homogeneous Bose gas in the plane of s‐wave scattering length a_s and temperature T. This is done by improving a one‐loop result near the interaction‐free Bose‐Einstein critical temperature T_c⁽⁰⁾ with the help of recent high‐loop results on the shift of the critical temperature due to a weak atomic repulsion based on variational perturbation theory. The quantum phase diagram shows a nose above T_c⁽⁰⁾, so that we predict the existence of a reentrant transition above T_c⁽⁰⁾, where an increasing repulsion leads to the formation of a condensate.     

引射系统排气装置的数值模拟

为削弱引射系统尾气对光传输的影响,依据将尾气排放到光传输区域以外的设计思路,运用数值模拟的方法,对引射系统排气管道内的流场特性及尾气射流影响区域开展了研究。通过对直管道以及弯管道内流场特性的数值分析和比较,给出了一种排气管道的结构设计方式。在给定系统出口速度的情况下,运用多组分输运模型,分别对无自然风和有侧向自然风状态下的尾气影响范围进行了分析,初步确定了尾气射流排出系统后的影响区域,并依据尾气影响区域,对管道长度及布置方式进行了研究。     

气相色谱和原子荧光联用测定生物和沉积物样品中甲基汞

提出了一种气相色谱和原子荧光在线联用测定甲基汞的方法。对气相色谱和原子荧光的在线联用进行了设计,优化了进样口温度、载气流速、尾吹气流量及氩气流量等实验条件。在最佳仪器条件下,甲基汞(MMC)和乙基汞(EMC)的绝对检出限(3σ)可达0.005 ng。对于10 ng·mL-1 MMC和EMC标准溶液,连续5次进样测得精密度(RSD)分别为2.5％和1.3％。对标准参考物(DORM-2)的分析结果与标准值一致。两个沉积物中甲基汞的加标回收率分别为70％和77％。方法准确、灵敏,可应用于生物和沉积物样品中甲基汞的分析。     

Diffusion in Lorentz lattice gas automata with backscattering

The probability of first return to the initial intervalx and the diffusion tensorD _x are calculated exactly for a ballistic Lorentz gas on a Bethe lattice or Cayley tree. It consists of a moving particle and a fixed array of scatterers, located at the nodes, and the lengths of the intervals between scatterers are determined by a geometric distribution. The same values forx andD _x apply also to a regular space lattice with a fraction of sites occupied by a scatterer in the limit of a small concentration of scatterers. If backscattering occurs, the results are very different from the Boltzmann approximation. The theory is applied to different types of lattices and different types of scatterers having rotational or mirror symmetries.