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21.
D. Hebert K. Froöhlich A. Andreeff 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(10):358-361
Aufbau, Arbeitsweise und Eigenschaften einer Apparatur, mit der naturliche l4C-Aktiviäten in Grund- und Oberflächenwässern gemessen werden können, werden beschrieben. Die Messung erfordert 3 Arbeitsschritte: Probenahme, Synthese von Benzol, welches dann den Probenkohlenstoff enthält, und Messung der 14C-Aktivität in einem Flüssigkeitsszintillationszähler. Die Apparatur kann zur Datierung von Wasserproben im Altersbereich zwischen 200 und 37000 a verwendet werden. 相似文献
22.
Es werden Varianten der Probenchemie für 15N-Bilanzexperimente in der Düngungsforschung vorgestellt, die den Erfordernissen des Isonitromat-5200 und des NOI-5 angepaßt sind. Die skizzierten Methoden umfassen die destillative Präparation markierter N-Mengen (0,1–1 mg) aus Bodenextrakten, verbunden mil einem Zvsatz unmatkierter N-Mengen bei der Titration sowie eine für den Routinebetrieb geeignete N-Bestimmung in nicht angereicherten Pflanzenaufschlüssen mit dem Isonitromat-5200 als 15N-Verdünnungsanalyse. Weiterhin werden einfache apparative Varianten zur Bestimmung von sog. Gasförmigen Düngersticksloffverlusten durch Denitrifizierung in gasdichten Kammern dargestellt. Durch 15N-Analyse von Luftproben über 15N-angereicherten natürlichen Bodenmonolithen mit dem NOI-5 können unmittelbar die vom Dünger freigesetzten N2 und N2O-Mengen bestimmt werden. Bei Spezialversuchen in stickstofffreier Neon(He)-Atmosphäre können gebildete N2-, NO- und N2O-Spuren (um 1 Vol. %)nach gaschromatographischer Trennung (auf Perapak-Q) individuell am NOI-5 gemessen werden. Unter Verwendung von CO2-Trägergas werden die N-Komponenten in einem Azotometer isoliert und mit Hilfe eines Dosierhahnes, dessen Volumen den geforderten Gasdruck garantiert, in Entladungsrohre überführt. 相似文献
23.
24.
P. Harting 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(8):347-348
Es wird eine weiterentwickeltes, isotopenanalytisches Verfahren zur probenchemischen Umsetzung von Kohlenwasserstoffen mit Chromium zu Wasserstoff bei 1300 K vorgestellt. Die erzielten Testergebnisse zeigen anhand der gemessenen δD-Werte, daβ Quarzöfen bei diesen Temperaturen noch keine die Isotopenmeβwerte beeinflussende Diffusion von Wasserstoff durch die Wandung zulassen. Auβerdem erfolgte die Reaktion nahezu spontan und vollständig, was die Methode zeitlich sehr effektiv macht. A modified isotope analytical method is presented for the chemical reaction of hydrocarbons with chromium at 1300 K to form hydrogen. The test results obtained (i.e. the measured δD-values) show that at this temperature quartz heating tubes do not allow hydrogen to diffuse through the wail, which fact would influence the isotopic composition. Furthermore the reaction proceeds nearly spontaneously and quantitatively, which yields an effective method, especially with respect to time. 相似文献
25.
In this Letter, we put forward a new nontrivial three-step strategy for joint remote preparation of arbitrary two-qudit states (JRSP) in a deterministic manner from a spatially separated multi-sender to one receiver. The scheme is then extended to the arbitrary multi-qudit case. In our schemes, various partially entangled GHZ-like states with arbitrary complex parameters are used as the quantum channels. It overcomes state preparation failure leading to the loss of valuable quantum channel resource and ensures the prepared data available for the remote terminals under extreme conditions such as limited number of quantum channels and limited quantum information processing technologies. 相似文献
26.
Youji Li Mingyuan Ma Shuguo Sun Wenbin Yan Yuzhu Ouyang 《Applied Surface Science》2008,254(13):4154-4158
TiO2-carbon surface (TCS) composites were prepared by pretreatment of a sealing substrate in supercritical carbon dioxide using paraffin as a plugging agent, and sol-gel processing using tetrabutyl orthotitanate as a precursor. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), optical absorption spectroscopy and nitrogen absorption. The photoactivity of TCS was checked by monitoring the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution under UV irradiation. The results indicated that compared with TC prepared only by the sol-gel method, the small nanosize TiO2 particles are well dispersed on carbon surface with large amount of micropores and high Eg values, meanwhile TCS have high Ti3+ concentration due to supercritical pretreatment providing a amount of carbon on the composite surface with interfacial energy effects, which controls the growth of TiO2 nanoparticles, baffles the agglomeration of TiO2 nanoparticles and easily produces Ti3+ ions. These are reasons why TCS has a higher efficiency of decomposing MB than TiO2-carbon (TC) composites and pure TiO2. Additional, it is also attributed to the fact that TCS produce a high concentration of organic compounds near TiO2 in comparison with TC and pure TiO2, because their surface area are greater than that of TC and pure TiO2. 相似文献
27.
We present a scheme for probabilistic remote preparation of an
entangled two-qubit state with three parties from a sender to either
of two receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a partially
entangled two-qubit state and a partially entangled three-qubit
state. We calculate the successful total probabilities of the scheme
in general and particular cases, respectively. We also calculate
total classical communication cost in a general case and two
particular cases, respectively. 相似文献
28.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of SrFe12O19 hexaferrites 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wang Zhanyong Zhong Liuming Qian Huichun Fang Yongzheng Xu Jiayue 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2010,322(18):2782-2785
Ultra-fine and homogeneous SrFe12O19 hexaferrites were synthesized by a microwave-assisted calcination route. The calcined precursors were prepared by a sol-gel auto-combustion method using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, Sr(NO3)2 and citric acid as starting materials. The structures, powder morphology and magnetic properties of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results showed that microwaves are helpful to reduce the calcination temperature and shorten the calcination time. The ferrites with saturation magnetization, remanence and intrinsic coercivity of 54.80 emu/g, 29.52 emu/g and 5261 Oe, respectively, were obtained in samples calcined at 800 °C for 80 min. 相似文献
29.
Protein is one of the most abundant natural polymeric materials, but only a few studies on nanoproteins have been conducted. In this paper, a novel approach based on ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis was employed for the preparation of microkeratin and nanokeratin from wool. The hydrolysis system included a solution containing enzyme (esperase) and reductant (L-cysteine) and treated ultrasonically to remove the scales and amorphous regions within wool. Results showed that the reaction was most effective at 50 °C and pH 7, when incubated for 3 h, followed by sonication for 6 h. The products included spindle-shaped microkeratin (4–7 μm in diameter and 70–120 μm in length) and cone-shaped nanokeratin (50–300 nm in diameter and less than 15 μm in length). Under ultrasonic-assisted conditions, the yields of microkeratin and nanokeratin increased significantly, while the treatment time decreased. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the chemical structures of microkeratin and nanokeratin did not change, compared to that of wool. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the microkeratin was mainly composed of α-helical structure, while the β-sheet structure was more prevalent in nanokeratin. The presented method is facile and eco-friendly, thereby paving new pathways for the preparation of microkeratin and nanokeratin. 相似文献
30.
Although the multi-level structure of superconducting qubits may result in calculation errors, it can be rationally used to effectively improve the speed of gate operations. Utilizing a current-biased Josephson junction (A-type rf-SQUID) as a tunable coupler for superconducting transmission line resonators (TLRs), under the large detuning condition, we demonstrate the controllable generation of entangled coherent states in circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit QED). The coupling between the TLRs and the qubit can be effectively regulated by an external bias current or coupling capacitor. Further investigations indicate that the maximum entangled state can be obtained through measuring the excited state of the superconducting qubits. Then, the influence of the TLR [tecay on the prepared entangled states is analyzed. 相似文献