民国时期云南边地垦殖与边疆开发研究

垦殖作为历朝各代中央治理和开发边疆的重要举措,南京国民政府建立后,也把“边地开发屯垦与移民实边,为发展国民经济之重要方针”。在国人保卫边疆、开发边疆的共同夙愿下,垦殖作为云南边疆开发的重中之重,得到从中央到地方的高度重视,不仅组建治边机构、出台各种边疆开发政策、进行边地调研、编制开发方案,而且付诸实践,组建垦殖局、垦殖公司等,云南农业得到进一步发展。民国时期云南边疆垦殖发展的历史进程不仅体现出国家、地方与个人三者间的互动关系,更反映出近代边疆危机下三者在统一多民族国家建构的历史过程中保卫边疆、开发边疆的认识与实践。     

证券组合M-V有效前沿旋移分析的进一步研究

在市场上存在无风险资产且允许卖空的条件下,研究了新增加k种证券后对原有效前沿的影响.引入了有效证券和无效证券,给出了M-V证券组合有效前沿旋移的方向.研究结果表明新增加证券后有效前沿的斜率变大.     

Synthesis of (3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)phosphonate derivatives and investigation of catalyst effect on frontier molecular orbitals using DFT method

Hetero Diels-Alder (HDA) reactions between 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and diethyl ester of aroyl phosphonates catalyzed by AlCl₃ to afford (3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) phosphonate derivatives were investigated. Aroyl phosphonates with electron-withdrawing groups generally resulted in better isolated chemical yields. A stoichiometric amount of AlCl₃ rather than a catalytic amount was necessary to activate the cycloaddition reaction. The amount of AlCl₃ catalyst and its effect on LUMO of ethyl ester benzoyl phosphonate were also investigated by performing density functional theory (DFT) (B97D/6-31+G(d,p)) computations in dichloromethane. An increased loading of AlCl₃ induced a considerable decrease in the LUMO energy of ethyl ester of benzoyl phosphonate. The computed Gibbs free activation energy is 17.03 kcal/mol in DCM at 0°C using the same computational level.     

团簇Ni4P催化析氢性能研究

为探究团簇Ni₄P催化析氢最强的结构,基于密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/Lan12dz水平下,对团簇Ni₄P的初始构型进行计算和优化,得到5种优化构型。从热力学稳定性、前线轨道图和前线轨道能级差对团簇Ni₄P的析氢性能分析发现,构型1^（4）和1^（2）的热力学稳定性较强;团簇Ni₄P各优化构型均易吸附水中的氢原子,Ni原子为团簇Ni₄P催化活性位点,且构型1^（4）、1^（2）和2^（4）催化析氢的活性更强。(1^（2）)-H、(2^（2）)-H在电化学脱附法和化学重组法中均具有较强的催化活性。以上说明构型1^（2）是团簇Ni₄P催化析氢最强的结构。     

Theoretical Study on the Electronic Structures and Spectral Properties of 1,8-Naphthalimide Derivatives

The molecular geometries, frontier molecular orbital properties, and absorption and emission properties of three 4-phenoxy-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives, namely 4-phenoxy-N-（2-hydroxyethyl）-1,8-naphthalimide（1）,4-（2-tert-butylphenoxy）-N-（2-hydroxyethyl）-1,8-naphthalimide（2）, and 4-[2,4-di（tert-butyl）]phenoxy-N-（2-hydroxyethyl）-1,8-naphthalimide（3）, are investigated by density functional theory（DFT） and time-dependent density functional theory（TD-DFT） calculations in conjunction with polarizable continuum models（PCMs）. Four functionals and ten basis sets are employed for 1 to calculate the electron transition energies, which were compared with the experimental observations. Our results reveal that the B3LYP/6-311＋G（d,p） method is the best choice to reproduce the experimental spectra. Moreover, the effects of substituents on the molecular geometries, electronic structures, absorption and emission spectra are also studied at the B3LYP/6-311＋G（d,p） level. We find that the gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital（HOMO） and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital（LUMO） decreases with increasing the number of tert-butyl substituents onto the phenoxy groups, suggesting red-shift of the absorption and emission bands. This is related to the increase of conjugation from 1 to 2 and 3. Our calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results.     

关于为拔尖人才培养开设的"学科前沿"类课程的探讨

With the implementation of the basic discipline of "Top Talent Training Program" (the "East Ever Project"), more and more new reforms and attempts are being made in various universities. In the process of innovation and exploration, a new curriculum is being implemented, that is, the "the frontier aspects of disciplines" course. Through investigation and research, we found that many colleges and universities in China are carrying out or trying to carry out such courses, and the students who participated have different benefits. This paper mainly discusses the current situation of the development of the frontier courses of many universities in China, and gives suggestions based on the two courses of Tang Aoqing Honors Program in Science of chemistry in Jilin University. This paper provides reference for other colleges and universities to open such courses.     

动态异方差随机前沿模型的Bayesian推断

随机前沿模型中如果忽略单边干扰项的异质性(heterogeneity)往往导致错误的效率估计.从个体特征的影响和方差的时变性两方面对单边干扰项进行考虑,提出异方差动态随机前沿模型.利用Gibbs抽样方法对动态异方差随机前沿模型进行Bayesian分析.导出了模型参数的后验条件分布,对中小样本的模拟实验显示在最小后验均方误差准则下得到的参数估计值非常接近真值.对电力公司的实际数据进行分析显示对数无效率项的方差有一定的时变性.     

中国上市建筑企业规模经济和范围经济评价——一种随机边界成本函数方法

目前对于企业规模经济和范围经济的研究大多数是在不存在X无效的假设下进行的。即认为企业始终是在它们的有效边界内的,因此对企业规模经济和范围经济的实证研究也都是X有效的前提下的。本文试图采用一种成本非有效的随机边界成本函数,建立广义超越对数成本函数模型对企业规模经济和范围经济进行评价。数据来源于深沪两市建筑业板块25家上市公司2003-2007年的年度报告。研究结果表明:我国上市建筑企业中同时存在着规模不经济和范围不经济,而不存在X无效性假设条件下的估计结果使得规模经济值被提高。     

Maximal points with respect to cone dominance in Banach spaces and their existence

Given a convex cone in a Banach spaceV, an examination of the cone maximal points of a setX inV (with respect to the cone dominance induced by ) with respect to their characterization and existence is undertaken. The totality of cone maximal points ofX is called the conical frontier ofX. Comparisons of the conical frontiers of related sets and corresponding to related cones are made. By relaxing the compactness requirements of the underlying setX and by assuming some cone-related weaker forms of compactness, existence theorems for cone maximal points are developed. These theorems are believed to be generalizations of the existing results in one way or another.Maximizing points onX of certain linear functionals in the dual cone * of provide natural examples of cone maximal points. Properties characterizing a maximizing point of a linear functional in *, including the generalized version of Geoffrion's characterization of proper efficiency, are compiled and proved to be valid characterizations. Functionals in * with special properties are studied. Existence theorems are also obtained for the maximizing points of these functionals.The author is indebted to Professor James V. Whittaker for helpful discussions and comments and to Professors P. S. Bullen, C. W. Clark, B. N. Moyls, and F. Y. M. Wan for their encouragement and support.     

Measuring the performances of decision-making units using interval efficiencies

Efficiency is a relative measure because it can be measured within different ranges. The traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) measures the efficiencies of decision-making units (DMUs) within the range of less than or equal to one. The corresponding efficiencies are referred to as the best relative efficiencies, which measure the best performances of DMUs and determine an efficiency frontier. If the efficiencies are measured within the range of greater than or equal to one, then the worst relative efficiencies can be used to measure the worst performances of DMUs and determine an inefficiency frontier. In this paper, the efficiencies of DMUs are measured within the range of an interval, whose upper bound is set to one and the lower bound is determined through introducing a virtual anti-ideal DMU, whose performance is definitely inferior to any DMUs. The efficiencies turn out to be all intervals and are thus referred to as interval efficiencies, which combine the best and the worst relative efficiencies in a reasonable manner to give an overall measurement and assessment of the performances of DMUs. The new DEA model with the upper and lower bounds on efficiencies is referred to as bounded DEA model, which can incorporate decision maker (DM) or assessor's preference information on input and output weights. A Hurwicz criterion approach is introduced and utilized to compare and rank the interval efficiencies of DMUs and a numerical example is examined using the proposed bounded DEA model to show its potential application and validity.