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Mechanics of Composite Materials - A three-dimensional ply-level modeling of multiple matrix cracking near an open hole in a quasi-isotropic composite laminate was performed. A mesh-independent... 相似文献
23.
Applications of electronic speckle interferometry (ESI) techniques for spacecraft structural components 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Laser-based electronic speckle interferometry (ESI) techniques, viz., electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) and electronic speckle shearographic interferometry (ESSI) are used for testing of spacecraft structural components. The combined ESPI and ESSI system developed in house was successfully used for the non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of honeycomb sandwich panels and propellant tanks of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). Debonds between face sheet and the honeycomb core were identified using (i) thermal and (ii) dual vacuum stressing methods. On-line NDE of the propellant tanks under internal pressure loading for identification of the minute cracks and thickness reduction areas were successfully implemented by ESI. 相似文献
24.
Yoshiaki Yasuno Yasunori Sutoh Shuichi Makita Masahide Itoh Toyohiko Yatagai 《Optical Review》2003,10(5):498-500
A spectral interferometric optical coherence tomography (OCT) system which has polarization sensitivity is developed. This system reduces the mechanical scanning dimension by employing the principle of spectral interferometry, and measures a two dimensional cross-sectional image of biological tissue with one dimensional mechanical scanning. Sixteen OCT images with different polarization conditions are measured, and two dimensional distributions of each element of the Müller matrix of a sample to be measured are calculated. 相似文献
25.
This paper presents a fringe pattern normalization and noise-reduction algorithm. Locally the background noise is suppressed, the modulation normalized and the noise smoothed. An expression to calculate the cosine-only term is formulated. It is related to the directional derivatives of the intensity fringes. Two-dimensional Fourier series are used to calculate the parameters needed for the algorithm. Experimental work is presented using diffraction and ESPI images. The programming is relatively simple and involves mainly local convolutions. The processing time using a 2 GHz computer to normalize an image of 256 × 256 pixels is approximately one second. 相似文献
26.
在传统频域均衡器的基础上,结合多载波频移键控调制方式的频谱结构,利用接收信号和参考信号的相关性及均衡器的滤波系数,提出了一种兼具均衡与解调功能的新型频域均衡器结构.该均衡器简单、有效地克服了水声信道中多径传播产生的码间干扰和频率选择性衰落等问题,简化了水声通信系统接收机的复杂度. 新型频域均衡器的解调原理以非相关解调算法为基础,但由于利用了均衡器的计算结果,其差错性能优于传统的非相关解调算法,计算机仿真试验表明,改进后的方法使差错性能提高了2 dB;实际水声通信实验表明,该均衡器能够有效地提高水声通信系统的可靠性,具有很好的应用前景. 相似文献
27.
Peggy S. Eis Józef Kuśba Michael L. Johnson Joseph R. Lakowicz 《Journal of fluorescence》1993,3(1):23-31
Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements were used to measure distance distributions and intramolecular dynamics (site-to-site diffusion) of a 28-residue single-domain zinc finger peptide in the absence and presence of zinc ion. Energy transfer was measured between TRP14 and a N-terminal DNS group. As expected, the TRP-to-DNS distance distribution for zinc-bound peptide is shorter and narrower (R
av=11.2 Å,hw=2.8 Å) than the metal-free peptide (R
av=20.1 Å,hw=14.5 Å). The degree of mutual donor-to-acceptor diffusion (D) was also determined for these distributions. For zinc-bound peptide there is no detectible diffusion (D0.2 Å2/ns), whereas for metal-free peptide a considerable amount of motion is occurring between the donor and the acceptor (D=12 Å2/ns). These results indicate that the zinc-bound peptide folds into a unique, well-defined conformation, whereas the metal-free conformation is flexible and rapidly changing. The absence of detectible mutual site-to-site diffusion between the donor and the acceptor in the metal-bound zinc finger peptide indicates that intramolecular motion is essentially frozen out, on the FRET time scale, as a consequence of zinc coordination.Dedicated to the memory of Barbara D. Wells. 相似文献
28.
Bogumil Zelent Józef Kuśba Ignacy Gryczynski Michael L. Johnson Joseph R. Lakowicz 《Journal of fluorescence》1993,3(3):199-207
We examined the time-dependent intensity decays ofN-acetyl-l-tryptophanamide (NATA) when collisionally quenched by acrylamide in propylene glycol over a range of temperatures. The intensity decays of NATA became increasingly heterogeneous in the presence of acrylamide. The NATA intensity decays were not consistent with the Collins-Kimball radiation boundary condition (RBC) model for quenching. The steady-state Stern-Volmer plots show significant upward curvature, and quenching of NATA by acrylamide was observed even in vitrified propylene glycol, where translational diffusion cannot occur during the lifetime of the excited state. These frequencydomain and steady-state data indicate a through-space quenching interaction between NATA and acrylamide, and the results are consistent with a rate constant for quenching that depends exponentially on the fluorophore-quencher separation distance. The exponential distance-dependent rate of quenching also explains the upward curvature of the Stern-Volmer plot, and the steady-state data aid in determining the interaction distance between NATA and acrylamide. These results suggest that the distance-dependent quenching rates need to be considered in the interpretation of acrylamide quenching of proteins. 相似文献
29.
Omar Deeb Prof. Monika Leibscher Dr. Jörn Manz Prof. Wulf von Muellern Tamar Seideman Prof. 《Chemphyschem》2007,8(2):322-328
We propose an approach for separating nuclear spin isomers with coherent light and illustrate it by numerical calculations using fulvene as a model system. The scheme employs the equivalence of torsion and interchange of equivalent H-atoms in a class of molecules of which fulvene is a simple example. The exchange symmetry couples with the rotational symmetry to produce a spatial distinction between the two photo-excited nuclear spin isomers, and wavepacket interferometry is applied to separate the species. 相似文献
30.
G. Bruno P. Capezzuto G. Cicala F. Cramarossa 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》1986,6(2):109-125
Plasma-chemical reduction of SiCl4 in mixtures with H2 and Ar has been studied by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and laser interferometry techniques. It has been found that the Ar:H2 ratio strongly affects the plasma composition as well as the deposition (r
D) and etch (r
E) rates of Si: H, Cl films and that the electron impact dissociation is the most important channel for the production of SiClx species, which are the precursors of the film growth. Chemisorption of SiClx and the reactive surface reaction SiClx+H–SiCl(x–1)0+HCl are important steps in the deposition process. The suggested deposition model givesr
D [SiClx][H], in agreement with the experimental data. Etching of Si: H, Cl films occurs at high Ar: H2 ratio when Cl atoms in the gas phase become appreciable and increases with increasing Cl concentration. The etch rate is controlled by the Cl atom chemisorption step. 相似文献