COPOLYMERS OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID/MALEIC ACID： SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

2-Acrylamido-2-methy1-1-propanesulfonic acid(AMPS),and maleic acid(MA)copolymerized with different feed ratios using N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent and benzoyl peroxide(Bz_2O_2)as an initiator at 70℃.Structure and composition of copolymers for a wide range of monomer feed were determined by elemental analysis(content of N for AMPS-units).Monomer reactivity ratios for AMPS(M_1)-MA(M_2)pair were determined by the application of conventional linearization methods such as Fineman-Ross(F-R),Kelen-Tüd(?)s(KT)and Extended Kelen-Tüds(EKT)and a nonlinear error invariable model method using a computer program RREVM.The characterizations were done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)thermal gravimetry analysis(TGA),and and X-ray diffraction.The antimicrobial effects of polymers were also tested on various bacteria,and yeast.     

Ag／Al2O3选择性催化丙烯还原氮氧化物表面反应机理的原位红外光谱研究

 在富氧条件下Ag／Al2O3对以丙烯为还原剂选择性催化还原NOx的反应有很高的催化活性．本实验成功地利用原位红外光谱分析手段,在真实的催化反应条件下,探讨了丙烯选择性还原NOx的反应机理,证实了催化剂表面反应中间体Al－NCO和Ag－NCO虽在真空中稳定,但在实际反应条件下极为活泼．催化剂表面上R－ONO和R－NO2分解成NCO是整个反应的速度控制步骤．这一结论与在真空系统条件下对其反应机理的研究结果一致,证明了在这一反应体系中两种研究方法的相关性．同时本实验还从反应机理上探讨了催化剂的水蒸气中毒现象．水蒸气的存在阻碍了催化剂表面R－ONO和R－NO2的生成,并进一步阻碍了反应的速度控 制步骤,即R－ONO和R－NO2向Al－NCO和Ag－NCO的转化,但这是一种完全可逆的暂时中毒现象．结合相应的催化剂活性评价结果对表面反应机理进行了讨论．     

Quantitative determination of Malathion in pesticide by modified attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry applying genetic algorithm wavelength selection method

A simple and environment friendly method was developed for determination of Malathion content of analytical and commercial insecticide samples with no special preparation. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra were characterized and 1000-2000 cm⁻¹ region was selected for quantitative analysis utilizing partial least square (PLS) and two wavelength selection methods: (a) principal component regression (PCR) and (b) genetic algorithm (GA). Relative error of prediction (REP) was calculated in PLS, PCR-PLS and GA-PLS methods and was 3.536, 1.656 and 0.188, respectively. Proposed method is successfully applicable for quantification of Malathion in commercial grade samples and reliable results in comparison with known methods, confirms this idea.     

Oxidation of Methanol on Pt,Pt–Ru,and Pt–Ru–Mo Electrocatalysts Dispersed in Polyaniline: An in situ Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Study

The electrochemical oxidation of methanol was investigated on a Pt–Ru–Mo catalyst with an in situ infrared reflectance spectroscopy. The electrocatalysts were prepared by an electrochemical deposition and dispersed in a conducting three-dimensional matrix of polyaniline (PAni). We observed that CO₂ is produced from methanol oxidation at 350 mV vs. RHE on PAni/Pt–Ru–Mo, which is 100 mV less negative than on PAni/Pt–Ru and 200 mV less than on PAni/Pt. The results suggest that Pt–Ru–Mo is less sensitive to CO_ADS poisoning than Pt–Ru and much more sensitive than Pt. Large differences are observed concerning the average wavenumber of _ADS between Pt–Ru–Mo, Pt–Ru, and Pt.     

Study of spectral analytical data using fingerprints and scaled similarity measurements

A new chemoinformatic model has been developed for enlarging the differences between spectra and applied to differentiation of wines according to the criteria grape origin and variety and ageing process. The model is based on generation of fingerprints from normalised spectra, using empirical parameters and a set of 120 samples. After generation of the fingerprints, similarity matrixes were built on the basis of the Tanimoto similarity index between the fingerprints of the samples. Calculation of the Tanimoto index was modified to adapt the index to the characteristics of the analytical measurements. Thus, scaling factors taking into account pattern fingerprints generated from a group of samples with common characteristics were used. In addition, a modified expression for calculating the Tanimoto index was employed. Principal-components analysis (PCA) and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) were applied to the similarity matrixes. The results obtained are discussed as a function of the normalisation method employed, the empirical factor used in generation of the fingerprints, and selection of samples for building the pattern fingerprint, etc. Finally, results from differentiation of wines are compared with those obtained by applying PCA to the unprocessed spectra as stated by the proposed model.     

Spectroscopy and Structure of Sol-Gel Systems

Sol-gel derived glasses may differ from conventional melt-quenched glasses owing to the peculiar microstructures existing at the gel state, such that, even after gel densification, some differences may remain in their composition and molecular structure.This paper discusses structural characteristics of thin film oxide gels and glasses, with a special emphasis on SiO2-TiO2 based systems, which are of particular interest for sol-gel integrated optics applications. Short range structure aspects are discussed based on infrared, X-ray photoemission and X-ray photoabsorption spectroscopies. The chemical homogeneity of sol-gel materials is evaluated, based on X-ray photoemission and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, dealing in particular with the issue of homo- vs. heterocondensation. Finally, some microstructural features of sol-gel derived films are analyzed, namely the relationship between infrared absorption and porosity and the structure of nanocrystalline sol-gel films, based on grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The types of structural information obtainable by each different technique are compared in detail.     

A new method for characterizing solid surface acidity - an infrared spectroscopic method using probe molecules such as N2 and rare gases

A new infrared-spectroscopic method to characterize acid sites of zeolites using small and weakly basic molecules such as diatomic and monoatomic molecules is reviewed. It has been revealed that N2 is an effective probe molecule to characterize both Brønsted acidity and Lewis acidity of H-form zeolites. The characteristics of the N 2 probe are discussed in detail in comparison with the CO probe. O2 and rare gases have also been applied to monitor the strong acid sites in the H-form zeolites. Further, the studies of the adsorption of water on H-form zeolites are shortly reviewed: a recent IR study of the H₂ ¹⁸O adsorption on H-ZSM-5 has given direct experimental evidence that the main feature of the observed IR bands is due to the hydrogen-bonded adsorption of water on the Brønsted acid sites.     

傅里叶变换红外光谱和气相色谱-质谱法快速检测鼠药

用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)差谱技术和气相色谱．质谱(GC/MS)全扫描法及特征离子监测技术，建立了毒鼠强和氟乙酰胺的标准质谱图库。利用有机溶剂直接萃取与FT-IR和GC/MS的结合，建立了混合组分原形物中毒鼠强和氟乙酰胺的快速检测方法。对7份实际样品的鉴定获得满意的结果。建立的方法为侦破案件提供了快速、灵敏、准确、有效的分析手段。     

汽油族组成的近红外光谱快速测定

以荧光指示剂吸附色谱法（FIA）测定汽油族组成结果为基础，采用近红外光谱和化学计量学方法建立了快速、准确测定催化裂化馏出口汽油族组成（饱和烃、烯烃和芳烃）的分析模型；试验表明，该法分析速度快、重复性好、成本低，特别适用于生产中间控制分析。     

Über Chalkogenolate. 206 [1]. N-Thioacetyldithiocarbamate und Ester der N-Thioacetyldithiocarbamidsäure

On Chalcogenolates. 206. N-Thioacetyl Dithiocarbamates and Esters of N-Thioacetyl Dithiocarbamic Acid Thioacetamide reacts with carbon disulfide in the presence of KH to form via the tetrabutyl ammonium salt dark yellow N-thioacetyl dithiocarbamates M[S₂C? NH? CS? CH₃], where M = K, Rb, Cs. The salts as well as the methyl and ethyl ester have been characterized by means of electron absorption, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H and ¹³C), and mass spectra. Attempts to synthesize N-thioacetyl dithiocarbamic acid were not successful.