一类三阶非线性分布时滞动力方程的振动结果

研究一类三阶非线性分布时滞动力方程的振动性,通过构造广义Riccati变换得到一类新的广义Riccati不等式,利用积分平均技巧等方法,建立了保证该方程一切解均振动或收敛于0的若干新的振动结果,推广和改进了近期文献的相关结论,并给出了若干例子。     

生态位视角下都市区村落养老价值评价体系研究

从生态位相关理论应用出发,基于生态位宽度、重叠度和密度解析村落养老价值的影响源和影响机制。在建立都市区村落养老行业系统的基础上,结合需求度调查,归纳了行业生态链中的生态元功能组成。并以影响源推导评价子系统,以生态元功能衍生出评价模块,从村落养老的时间位、空间位、功能位上的优势目标出发,构建了一个与生态位关联,由评价维度、价值子系统、模块、指标变量4个层级组成的都市区村落养老价值评价体系。此体系的研究立足于生态位对村落养老价值的影响机制和养老产业良性发展的适应性,为村落养老价值评价体系的构建提供了新视角,为村落发展养老产业的可行性判定提供了综合性方法。     

Non-contact optical fibre phased array generation of ultrasound for non-destructive evaluation of materials and processes

The use of non-contact laser techniques for the generation of ultrasound has extended the limits of the application of traditional ultrasonic techniques. This paper focusses on the use of one such non-contact laser technique, known as ‘optical fibre array’, to generate shear and surface waves. The shear wave experimental directivity pattern results are presented and compared with the theoretical results of a single source and an array source. The experimental directivity results for the surface wave are also presented, and compared with the theoretical results. The data show that the array enhances signal generation in the forward direction for both shear and surface waves. The array gain is also discussed. The receiver for the directivity measurements was a contact piezoelectric transducer.     

安宫牛黄丸体外安全性评价方法的研究

研究安宫牛黄丸中可溶性汞及三种毒性汞价态的体外溶出检测方法, 探讨安宫牛黄丸体外安全性评价方法。通过试验研究提取溶剂、净化方式、提取、净化时间等因素对溶出的影响, 确定最佳的提取方案。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定可溶性汞, 高效液相色谱法-电感耦合等离子体质谱法联用测定三种汞价态。安宫牛黄丸中可溶性汞及三种毒性汞价态的最佳提取方法为: 用人工肠液在37 ℃下超声处理2 h, 提取液静置20 h后取上清液。方法重现性好, 最大程度地模拟药物在体内的吸收环境。安宫牛黄丸提取液中可溶性汞含量较高, 但不含汞的有毒价态: 甲基汞、乙基汞和二价汞。该方法可推广应用于含朱砂中成药中可溶性汞及其价态的体外溶出和测定。以毒性大的三种汞价态: 甲基汞、乙基汞和二价汞作为体外指标, 可在一定程度上评价安宫牛黄丸的安全性。     

中、远红外双波段激光器发射光谱测量与评估

在分析中远红外双波段(氟化氘与一氧化碳)激光器发射光谱的基本特征和分光型谱仪存在高级次光谱混叠等问题的基础上,选定Tensor37干涉型遥测光谱仪并利用黑体标定出仪器响应函数;对中、远红外双波段激光器光谱进行了模拟测量和实际测量,分析评估了双波段激光器的谱线成分、峰值变化、测量精度和相对强度等,为双波段激光器的介质参数计算、运转参数优化以及红外应用提供有效数据。     

低温液体流动沸腾数值计算中的相间传热模型

采用双流体模型预测了液氮在垂直管内的流动沸腾过程,着重考察和评价了五个常用的相间传热模型对数值计算结果的影响,找出了最优的相间传热模型;同时,研究还发现相间传热模型对流动压降的预测并无明显影响.     

基于模糊逻辑的红外相机模拟器定量化仿真度评价框架

针对红外相机模拟器仿真度量化评价体系的现状,提出了一种基于模糊逻辑和模糊集思想的全新的理论框架.该框架是一种客观的、多尺度的评价体系,涉及到模糊逻辑、曲线相似度评价、图像质量评估以及信息论等多个交叉领域.和现有的单一尺度的评价方法相比,这种多尺度的仿真度评价分析系统综合考虑了成像系统的主要性能特性参量和系统输出图像的质量,具有更好的任务适应性,可以方便地量化和比较具有相同或相似需求的相机模拟器的仿真度结果.     

大学物理实验综合性项目设计与教学实践初探

本文介绍了在大学物理实验课程中引入综合性实验内容,从具体项目的确立,到教学的操作实施过程;从查阅文献制订实验方案、实施具体的实验步骤及撰写实验报告等各个方面,如何在各个教学环节中注重对学生科研设计能力的初步培养进行了阐述;并对实验的成绩评定方法做了一些有益的探讨．     

一种基于信息理论的高动态范围图像评价方法

高动态范围图像(high dynamic range image)指的是扩大了景物可分辨的光照范围的图像。在HDRI成像中动态范围是难以量化测量的,必须将对动态范围的计算转化为其它易于计算的像质评价函数。HDRI图像的像质评价和普通图像的像质评价存在着较大不同。比较了几种像质评价的方法后,提出了利用图像的熵作为标准进行高动态范围成像评价的方法。利用一种自然图像的概率模型对图像的熵与成像动态范围之间的关系进行了数值模拟,得到了具有普遍意义上的理想成像动态范围的计算公式,公式指出了对自然景物完善成像所需的最大动态范围;给出了图像熵与动态范围之间的关系。利用这种关系可以经由计算图像的熵来对系统的动态范围特性做出评价。这种评价方法在指导高动态范围成像系统的设计,以及高动态范围成像系统的测试中将发挥重要的作用。     

Evaluation and optimization of fMRI single-subject processing pipelines with NPAIRS and second-level CVA

In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis, although the univariate general linear model (GLM) is currently the dominant approach to brain activation detection, there is growing interest in multivariate approaches such as principal component analysis, canonical variate analysis (CVA), independent component analysis and cluster analysis, which have the potential to reveal neural networks and functional connectivity in the brain. To understand the effect of processing options on performance of multivariate model-based fMRI processing pipelines with real fMRI data, we investigated the impact of commonly used fMRI preprocessing steps and optimized the associated multivariate CVA-based, single-subject processing pipelines with the NPAIRS (nonparametric prediction, activation, influence and reproducibility resampling) performance metrics [prediction accuracy and statistical parametric image (SPI) reproducibility] on the Fiswidgets platform. We also compared the single-subject SPIs of univariate GLM with multivariate CVA-based processing pipelines from SPM, FSL.FEAT, NPAIRS.GLM and NPAIRS.CVA software packages (or modules) using a novel second-level CVA. We found that for the block-design data, (a) slice timing correction and global intensity normalization have little consistent impact on the fMRI processing pipeline, but spatial smoothing, temporal detrending or high-pass filtering, and motion correction significantly improved pipeline performance across all subjects; (b) the combined optimization of spatial smoothing, temporal detrending and CVA model parameters on average improved between-subject reproducibility; and (c) the most important pipeline choices include univariate or multivariate statistical models and spatial smoothing. This study suggests that considering options other than simply using GLM with a fixed spatial filter may be of critical importance in determining activation patterns in BOLD fMRI studies.