Hydrogen generation from steam reforming of ethanol in dielectric barrier discharge

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was used for the generation of hydrogen from ethanol reforming. Effects of reaction conditions, such as vaporization temperature, ethanol flow rate, water/ethanol ratio, and addition of oxygen, on the ethanol conversion and hydrogen yield, were studied. The results showed that the increase of ethanol flow rate decreased ethanol conversion and hydrogen yield, and high water/ethanol ratio and addition of oxygen were advantageous. Ethanol conversion and hydrogen yield increased with the vaporization room temperature up to the maximum at first, and then decreased slightly. The maximum hydrogen yield of 31.8% was obtained at an ethanol conversion of 88.4% under the optimum operation conditions of vaporization room temperature of 120 ?C, ethanol flux of 0.18 mL/min, water/ethanol ratio of 7.7 and oxygen volume concentration of 13.3%.     

Synthesis of Ni2P promoted trimetallic NiMoW/γ-Al2O3 catalysts for diesel oil hydrotreatment

The Ni2P promoted and γ-Al2O3 supported NiMoW sulfide catalyst consisting of 4 wt% Mo, 22 wt% W, 2 wt% Ni and 2.5 wt% Ni2P was synthesized by a co-impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that Ni2P, Ni, Mo and W species were highly dispersed over γ-Al2O3. The hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) showed that the presence of Ni2P brought a strong promotional effect on the HDS activity, which was further confirmed by the HDS and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) of diesel oil under industrial conditions. The enhancement in HDN activity and stability by Ni2P addition could be attributed more to the effect of new active sites of Ni2P than that of acidity modification. The as-prepared Ni2P-NiMoW/γ-Al2O3 catalyst showed better hydrotreating performance than NiMoW/γ-Al2O3 and commercial catalysts.     

柴油舱组集中透气管燃爆危险性及阻隔防爆技术

对常温常压下柴油舱组集中透气管中柴油蒸汽的燃爆危险性以及阻隔防爆技术的抑爆效能开展了实验研究。利用nac HX-3高速相机和CY-YD-205压力传感器记录燃爆传播过程和爆炸超压,阻隔防爆装置分别采用新型抑爆小球和普通波纹型阻火器。结果表明:常温常压下,一旦柴油油舱发生爆炸,爆炸火球可以通过透气管传播到相邻油舱,并引起二次爆炸,具有较大的危险性;普通波纹型阻火器在爆炸过程中阻火失效,而新型抑爆小球具有较好的抑爆效果;相对于光滑透气管工况,在点火舱上方安装抑爆小球后,被点火舱内的最大爆炸超压可以显著地从552.5 kPa降低到35.0 kPa;抑爆小球的中空多孔结构是其阻隔防爆的关键,多孔结构不仅可以增大比表面积、扩大热损失,而且还可以有效地分割削弱反应面。     

Measurement and Interpretation of Ethanol 13C Chemical Shifts Variations in Different Organic Solvents - Comparison with Aqueous Solvent

The carbon chemical shifts of ethanol are measured in varied aqueous and organic solvents. We determine the hydrogen bonding effect between alcohol and bases by correcting the experimental values from anisotropy and non specific medium effects.     

Theoretical study of the inclusion properties of 1,2,4,5-tetra(morpholinocarbonyl)benzene

Molecular inclusion by the new amide host molecule (TMB) has been reconsidered by calculating the crystal stabilization energies for the guest molecules in the TMB + guest system from the simple intermolecular potential functions of Caillet and Claverie. Water, ethylene glycol, methanol, and ethanol have been employed as guest molecules and their relative stabilities have been considered. Water has been found to be the most suitable guest molecule in the TMB + guest system. It also has been found that the guest host interaction is the most important contributor in determining the relative stabilities of the guest molecules in the TMB + guest system, but the guest guest interaction is very important, too. Moreover, the electrostatic interaction has been found to be the most important contributor to the total interaction energy in the TMB + guest system.     

Recovery of organic acids from fermentation broths

Rising concerns over the use of fossil resources have generated renewed interest in the production of commodity chemicals via fermentation. Organic acids are a particularly attractive target because their functionality enables downstream catalytic upgrading to a variety of compounds. In this article, we survey how common technical issues are addressed in the recovery schemes for several organic acids. We present results for the recovery of acetate using a new method based on amine complexation. Our reactive separation scheme produces a high-purity product, is energy efficient, and avoids the coproduction of a waste salt coproduct, all prerequisites for a large-scale production process.     

四磺基钴酞菁/MCM-41的制备、表征及其催化性能

将四磺基钴酞菁（CoTSPc）通过共价结合连接在氨基化的介孔分子筛MCM-41孔道壁上，制成负载酞菁催化剂，对其进行了X射线衍射（XRD）和红外分析，并研究了其对巯基乙醇的催化氧化反应动力学．结果表明，负载酞菁催化剂有优良的催化性能，在液相反应过程中扩散阻力较小．这种负载催化剂有酶催化特点，即遵循米氏动力学规律，米氏常数Km为0．015mol／L．反应完成后，通过沉淀即可从反应体系中分离，解决了酞菁催化剂无法回收利用和对环境造成新的污染的问题．在工业生产和环境保护方面有着良好应用前景．     

The Molecular and Crystal Structure of an Inclusion Compound Formed between Acetylferrocene Pyridine-2, 6-diformylhydrazone and Ethanol

1INTR0DUCTI0NIthasbeenreportedthatacety1ferrocenepyridine-2,6-diformylhydrazonewasabletoformbinuclearcomplexeswithrareearthpicratesintheketoforminourpre-viouswork[li.Inthecourseofpurificati0n0fthisligand,wefoundthatitselective1yformsstableinclusi0ncrystalswithethanol.Inordertoelucidatethecoordinationbe-havi0urandtheinclusionpatternofthisligand,themolecularandcrystalstructureofitsinclusioncompoundwithethanolwasreportedinthepresentpaper-2EXPERIMENTAL2.1GeneraIConsiderationTheC,HandNmi…