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71.
Adaptive strategies are a necessary tool to make finite element analysis applicable to engineering practice. In this paper, attention is restricted to mesh adaptivity. Traditionally, the most common mesh adaptive strategies for linear problems are used to reach a prescribed accuracy. This goal is best met with an h-adaptive scheme in combination with an error estimator. In an industrial context, the aim of the mechanical simulations in engineering design is not only to obtain greatest quality but more often a compromise between the desired quality and the computation cost (CPU time, storage, software, competence, human cost, computer used). In this paper, we propose the use of alternative mesh refinement criteria with an h-adaptive procedure for 3D elastic problems. The alternative mesh refinement criteria (MR) are based on: prescribed number of elements with maximum accuracy, prescribed CPU time with maximum accuracy and prescribed memory size with maximum accuracy. These adaptive strategies are based on a technique of error in constitutive relation (the process could be used with other error estimators) and an efficient adaptive technique which automatically takes into account the steep gradient areas. This work proposes a 3D method of adaptivity with the latest version of the INRIA automatic mesh generator GAMHIC3D. 相似文献
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73.
应用可视化方法,对生物发酵培养基的营养条件进行优化.以培养基组成构建多维向量空间,通过降维分析法将多维空间的拓扑结构展现在二维平面上,变成可视化图像,并自动产生目标函数等值线.从中得出同时满足各项指标值的最佳操作区域,并运用逆映射公式将得出最优化区域逆推到原高维空间,进而得到最优培养基组成.以锌酵母为例,介绍可视化方法优化全过程. 相似文献
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考虑固定设计下具有一阶非参数自回归误差的线性模型,构造了参数和非参数函数的N-W核估计,在适当的条件下,证明了参数估计的强相合性,同时给出了非参数函数估计的渐近正态性. 相似文献
76.
R. G. Thompson P. S. Dharmapala J. Diaz M. D. González-Lima R. M. Thrall 《Annals of Operations Research》1996,66(2):163-177
The setE of extreme points which are also efficient are of basic importance in defining the efficiency frontier, from which the observations for all other DMUs are evaluated in DEA. A significant question which we address is “What variations in the data can be tolerated before the membership inE is changed?” This topic is explored using (1) a simple illustrative example, and (2) production data for 30 independent oil companies during the period 1983–1985. Data were allowed to vary simultaneously for all observations and in different subsets determined by random drawings of data for points both inE and not inE. The results were found to be robust in this study, thereby lending further support to earlier studies which also found these classifications into efficient and inefficient performers to be robust in DEA. Technical developments for these new methods of sensitivity analysis are supplied. These developments feature an application of analytic center (interior point) algorithms which ensure that the Strong Complementary Slackness Condition (SCSC) is fulfilled. The solutions satisfy a mathematical condition called “centrality”. Generally, the solutions are at interior points calledanalytic centers. At these interior points, continuity of the input-output ratios ensures that DMUs inE remain inE for at least small relative variations in the data, while empirically these properties have been found to extend to much larger variations in the data sets. 相似文献
77.
78.
R. K. Mohanty Samir Karaa Urvashi Arora 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2007,23(3):640-651
This article develops a new two‐level three‐point implicit finite difference scheme of order 2 in time and 4 in space based on arithmetic average discretization for the solution of nonlinear parabolic equation ε uxx = f(x, t, u, ux, ut), 0 < x < 1, t > 0 subject to appropriate initial and Dirichlet boundary conditions, where ε > 0 is a small positive constant. We also propose a new explicit difference scheme of order 2 in time and 4 in space for the estimates of (?u/?x). The main objective is the proposed formulas are directly applicable to both singular and nonsingular problems. We do not require any fictitious points outside the solution region and any special technique to handle the singular problems. Stability analysis of a model problem is discussed. Numerical results are provided to validate the usefulness of the proposed formulas. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2007 相似文献
79.
Stopping criteria, forward and backward errors for perturbed asynchronous linear fixed point methods in finite precision 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
** Email: pierre.spiteri{at}enseeiht.fr This paper deals with perturbed linear fixed point methods inthe presence of round-off errors. Successive approximationsas well as the more general asynchronous iterations are treated.Forward and backward error estimates are presented, and theseare used to propose theoretical stopping criteria for thesemethods. In the case of asynchronous iterations, macro-iterationsare used as a tool in order to obtain estimates. 相似文献
80.
By means of the Monte Carlo sampling technique the equilibrium thermodynamics of fluids and magnets can be calculated numerically. We show that the questions of convergence and accuracy of this method can be understood in terms of the dynamics of the appropriate stochastic model. Also, we discuss to what extent various choices of transition probabilities lead to different dynamic properties of the system. As examples of applications, we consider Ising and Heisenberg spin systems. The numerical results about the dynamic correlation functions are compared to simple approximations taken from the theory of the kinetic Ising model. 相似文献