Analysis of phantom centering positioning on image noise and radiation dose in axial scan type of brain CT

ABSTRACT

This study examined the dose and image quality according to the position change of a human phantom in a CT scan. This study used an MDCT 128 Slice CT Scanner instrument. An axial scan was performed with a 16 cm CTDI phantom of a human phantom, and the dose was measured using a pencil chamber meter. The phantom was scanned 10 cm above and below the isocenter and 15 cm above the right and left. The position of the phantom is indicated by C-0 in the isocenter position, S-10 in the upper 10 cm, I-10 in the lower 10 cm, R-15 in the right 15 cm, and L-15 in the left 15 cm. The test was performed 30 times using the brain CT protocol to calculate the dose and the dose width product (DWP). The acquired images were analyzed using the ImageJ program. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS with one-way ANOVA (p < .05). The mean DWP values of the CT scanner were C-0 31.97 mGy·cm, S-10 24.52 mGy·cm, I-10 24.28 mGy· cm, R-15 17.95 mGy·cm, and L15 17.6 mGy·cm. Compared to the isocenter (C-0), the DLP values measured at each site were 23.3% for S-10, 24% for I-10, 43.8% for R-15, and 44.9% for L15. A significant difference in the one-way ANOVA statistical process was observed (p>0.05). C-0 was measured to be 7.42 HU, S-10 7.87 HU, I-10 8.4 HU, R-15 117 HU, and L-15 13.6 HU for evaluating the image quality. Compared to C-0, S-10 was 5.39%, I-10 was 13.2%, R-15 was 57.6%, and L-15 was 83.2%. The PSNR for S-10, I-10, R-15, and L-15 was 17.37, 17.5, 16.62, and 16.37 dB, respectively. A good quality image can be obtained by positioning the subject precisely in the isocenter in the axial scan, if possible, because the irradiated dose to the subject is low, which can lead to an increase in noise in image reconstruction.     

A STUDY OF LOW CYCLE FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS BASED ON THE FUNNEL-SHEET SPECIMENS1)

根据能量等效方法,针对漏斗薄片试样,提出了关联Ramberg-Osgood 幂律参数、试样几何参数的载荷-位移半解析统一模型。采用有限元数值模拟,正、反向验证了该模型的有效性。在此基础上,提出了通过漏斗薄片试样低循环试验实现材料低周疲劳性能的预测方法。基于薄片试样低循环试验数据,完成了SS316L, N18及SAPH440 三种材料的低周疲劳性能预测,预测结果与标准试样试验结果具有良好的一致性。并利用该方法完成了N18与SAPH在不同温度条件下的低周疲劳性能预测。     

STUDY ON THE PROPERTIES OF BLEND OF NATURAL RUBBER LATEX/METHYL METHACRYLATE GRAFTED RUBBER LATEX BY GAMMA RADIATION

Natural rubber latex(NRL)and methyl methacrylate(MMA)grafted rubber latex were blended in different ratios and irradiated at various absorbed doses by gamma rays from Co-60 source at room temperature.The tensile properties, swelling ratio and permanent set were measured.The maximum tensile strength and modulus at 500% elongation were obtained at an absorbed dose of 8 kGy.Modulus increases from 6.99 MPa to 9.87 MPa for an increase in proportion of MMA grafted rubber from 40% to 60% in the blend at similar absorbed dose.Elongation at break and swelling ratio decrease with increasing absorbed dose as well as the MMA grafted rubber content in the blends.The decreasing trend of permanent set is high up to 5 kGy absorbed dose,and beyond that dose,it becomes almost flat.     

胶原-磺化羧甲基壳聚糖/硅橡胶皮肤再生材料的制备及其对小型猪烫伤创面全层皮肤缺损的修复研究

制备了一种胶原-磺化羧甲基壳聚糖/硅橡胶皮肤再生材料,并以小型猪为模型,考察了其对烫伤全层皮肤缺损的修复性能.首先合成了磺化羧甲基壳聚糖,并对其结构进行了表征.制备了胶原-磺化羧甲基壳聚糖多孔支架,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了磺化羧甲基壳聚糖含量对支架微结构的影响.随着磺化羧甲基壳聚糖含量的增大,胶原-磺化羧甲基壳聚糖支架从纤维结构向片状结构转化,且支架的孔径相对变大.采用体外成纤维细胞培养实验证明胶原-磺化羧甲基壳聚糖支架无明显细胞毒性.进一步将胶原-磺化羧甲基壳聚糖支架与硅橡胶膜复合,构建具有双层结构的皮肤再生材料.以小型猪为模型,评价了其对深度烫伤创面的修复性能.大体观察和组织学分析结果显示,胶原-磺化羧甲基壳聚糖/硅橡胶皮肤再生材料具有更快的血管化性能,且经该材料处理的创面能有效支持薄自体皮片的移植成活,实现深度烫伤创面的全层修复.     

无气味代硫醇试剂的合成与应用研究进展

综述了无气味硫醇和硫化试剂的合成及其作为代硫醇试剂在有机合成中应用的研究进展.     

基于紧凑拉伸剪切结构的复合型疲劳裂纹扩展研究

针对含I-II型复合裂纹的紧凑拉伸剪切(CTS)试样,研究了不同加载角度下的裂纹扩展路径及裂纹扩展寿命,通过实验数据给出了适宜于CTS试样的等效应力强度因子关系式,并基于此提出了一种新的I-II型复合裂纹扩展模型。研究表明,CTS试样的裂纹沿与加载方向近垂直的方向扩展,基于Tanaka公式的等效应力强度因子更适合于本文CTS试件的裂纹扩展寿命评估。当加载角度处于0°~45°之间时,提出的复合型裂纹扩展模型预测误差控制在5.49%之内,验证了分析模型的可行性和准确性。     

基于能量变分法的钢底板波形钢腹板组合箱梁畸变效应分析

为合理分析钢底板波形钢腹板梯形箱梁的畸变效应,按各板件面内外抗弯刚度不变的原则将全截面等效为钢材,利用圣维南原理考虑顶底板对波形钢腹板的约束作用,修正畸变扇性坐标分布模式,基于能量变分法建立畸变控制微分方程。与已有文献及有限元进行对比分析,并研究腹板俯角和波形钢腹板厚度变化对畸变翘曲正应力的影响。结果表明,本文解析解与文献解及ANSYS解均吻合较好;基于圣维南原理修正后的扇形坐标分布模式更合理;利用本文等效方法亦可分析传统波形钢腹板组合箱梁的畸变效应;腹板俯角的设置有利于减小畸变翘曲正应力;波形钢腹板厚度变化对腹板与底板交接处的畸变翘曲正应力影响显著。     

An equivalent nonlinearization method for analysing response of nonlinear systems to random excitations

I.IntroductionInthelasttwodecades,theresponseofstochasticallyexcitednonlinearsystemshavebeenresearcheddeeplyandwidely.Manyexactandapproximatemethodsofpredictingtheresponseofnonlinearsystemstorandomexcitationshavebeenprop0sedl']'l21.Becauseofv4riousreasons…     

固定接触界面切向静弹性刚度问题研究

根据两球体单峰同时受法向、切向载荷时微滑切向应力的分布以及MB模型,给出了界面的总切向接触静弹性条件刚度、总条件法向载荷的解析解。将切向接触静弹性条件刚度的解析解嵌入到有限元软件中,获得了整机的理论模态。以一款八四七厂华中工学院XHK5140型自动换刀计算机数控立式镗铣床上的结合部为研究对象,通过实验对解析解进行了定量验证。研究结果表明：在理论振型与实验振型一致的条件下,界面模型的相对误差在-19．2％～16．8％之间。     

认股权证的等价鞅测度定价模型与数值方法

本文对认股权证应用等价鞅测度方法进行定价 .推导出计算更自然、更简单的类似 Black- Scholes模型的认股权证定价公式 .给出了一种比较好的数值计算方法 .并讨论了认股权证在中国证券市场的发展状况 .