Acoustic source localization

In this article different techniques for localizing acoustic sources are described and the advantages/disadvantages of these techniques are discussed. Some source localization techniques are restricted to isotropic structures while other methods can be applied to anisotropic structures as well. Some techniques require precise knowledge of the direction dependent velocity profiles in the anisotropic body while other techniques do not require that knowledge. Some methods require accurate values of the time of arrival of the acoustic waves at the receivers while other techniques can function without that information. Published papers introducing various techniques emphasize the advantages of the introduced techniques while ignoring and often not mentioning the limitations and weaknesses of the new techniques. What is lacking in the literature is a comprehensive review and comparison of the available techniques; this article attempts to do that. After reviewing various techniques the paper concludes which source localization technique should be most effective for what type of structure and what the current research needs are.     

碳纳米管的变温场发射

考察了温度变化对沉积在钨丝针尖上的碳纳米管场发射的影响，发现碳纳米管场发射电流随温度升高而增大，场发射电流的稳定性基本没有变化. 多根碳纳米管的场发射特性随温度变化出现偏离Fowler-Nordheim理论的现象，这种现象可能来自碳纳米管的不均匀性.     

射频感应耦合低压等离子体特性分析

采用光谱诊断法和Langmuir单探针法对射频感应耦合Ar气等离子体特性进行分析。通过光栅光谱仪研究了低气压下Ar气等离子体的光谱强度的变化特性,采用Langmuir单探针法测量不同条件下电子密度和电子温度。等离子体发射光谱的光谱强度随着气压和功率的增加而增强,射频功率对光谱强度的影响较明显。当功率从120W增加到180W时,光谱强度将会迅速增加,等离子体发生E模向H模的模式转换。Langmuir单探针法测量的电子密度和电子温度在的变化规律符合E模向H模转换的变化规律。     

Control of spontaneous emission in a five-level system

We study the control of spontaneous emission in a five-level atomic system driven by four fields. We show that with the variation of dynamical variables, namely, Rabi frequencies and carrier phases of driven fields, a wide variety of the spectral behavior can be obtained, including extreme spectral narrowing. Our system can be found easily in real atoms.     

Relative Intensity Noise in Optical Single Side Band Systems with Multiple In-Line Amplifiers: Analysis and Validation

This article analyzes and validates through simulation the influence of fiber nonlinearity, dispersion, and loss on the Relative Noise Intensity (RIN) spectrum at fiber output in externally modulated optical single side band (OSSB) systems. The analysis includes the RIN generated by the laser source, the effect of the OSSB modulator, and noise generated by the in-line optical amplifiers. The analysis takes into account conversion between phase noise and intensity noise introduced by fiber transmission. It is shown that, depending on the operating conditions, the system performance may be predominantly affected either by the laser RIN or by the noise generated by the in-line optical amplifiers. The impact of the OSSB modulator can be relevant when the RIN of the system is dominated by the laser noise and should therefore be considered.     

Investigation of thermal evolution of nanodomain structures in nonlinear barium sodium niobate crystals

By the 90°elastic light scattering investigation and far field observation in the range of 20-800℃,the relation between behavior of light scattering anomalies and evolution of nanodomain structures in lattice of barium sodium niobate(Ba2NaNb5O15,BSN)crystal was clarified.The correlation between anomalies on the temperature curves of the elastic light scattering intensity and temperature transformations of nanodomains was studied by X-ray and electron microscope methods.Phase transition near 500℃ and movement in field of scattering light could be explained by appearance of a new incommensurate phase.     

The characteristics analysis of a new-style four-mirror axisymmetric-fold-combination cavity adapting to cylindrical discharge region

An axisymmetric-fold-combination (ASFC) cavity composed of two planar mirrors and spherical mirrors was designed. It is a stable-unstable resonator cavity. The light field of radial direction is Gaussian distribution. And in angular orientation, the distribution keeps invariant. It could generate annular CO₂ laser beam with excellent spatial coherence. And the spatial coherence is commendably realized with its stable-unstable cavity structure. The output light intensity distribution of this special model was discussed and simulated. With exterior lenses group, the output beams can be adjusted and controlled better to meet the manufactural requirements. Some references were provided for further research of the cavity with cylindrical discharge region.     

绝缘体二次电子发射系数测量装置的研制

 成功研制了测量绝缘体二次电子发射系数的测量装置，该装置主要由栅控电子枪系统、真空系统和电子采集系统组成，测量装置产生的原电子流的能量范围为0.8~60 keV。采用单脉冲电子枪法，测量了原电子能量范围为0.8~45 keV的多晶MgO的二次电子发射系数。测量中，收集极(偏置盒)离材料表面设置为约35 mm，偏置电压设置为 45 V。测量得到：用磁控溅射法制备的MgO的二次电子发射系数最大值约为2.83，处于 2~26范围内，其对应的原电子能量约为980 eV。这表明该装置测量的绝缘体二次电子发射系数是可信的，但用磁控溅射法制备的MgO的二次电子发射系数较低，这可能是制备MgO时引入了过多的杂质在MgO二次电子发射体里面所引起的。     

Real-time spectroscopy of Frenkel exciton system

We performed selective excitations of the first- and second-excited Frenkel exciton states (Q- and B-excitons) with use of sub-40-fs and sub-5-fs visible laser pulses. The transient absorption signals exhibit oscillatory features associated with molecular vibrations. From an analysis of the spectral profiles of the phase and amplitude of the oscillation, the experimental result is well explained by the modulated transition dipole moment, which is caused by the dynamic intensity borrowing from the intense B-transition to the weak Q-transition.     

The effect of electric field strength on electroplex emission at the interface of NPB/PBD organic light-emitting diodes

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on two kinds of blue emission materials N,N′-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-l,l′-diphenyl-4,4′-diamine (NPB) and 2-(4-biphenylyl)-5(4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PBD) was fabricated. There is only one emission peak in photoluminescence (PL) spectrum which originates from NPB exciton emission. And the electroluminescence (EL) emission peaks have an apparent red-shift with the increase of driving voltage. The red-shift emission from exciplex emission could be ruled out. Thus, by the method of Gaussian fitting it should be ascribed to the overlap of exciton emission and electroplex emission which occurs at the interface between NPB and PBD. The formation of the electroplex emission under high electric field is analyzed.