Polarization control of an X‐ray free‐electron laser with a diamond phase retarder

A diamond phase retarder was applied to control the polarization states of a hard X‐ray free‐electron laser (XFEL) in the photon energy range 5–20 keV. The horizontal polarization of the XFEL beam generated from the planar undulators of the SPring‐8 Angstrom Compact Free‐Electron Laser (SACLA) was converted into vertical or circular polarization of either helicity by adjusting the angular offset of the diamond crystal from the exact Bragg condition. Using a 1.5 mm‐thick crystal, a high degree of circular polarization, 97%, was obtained for 11.56 keV monochromatic X‐rays, whereas the degree of vertical polarization was 67%, both of which agreed with the estimations including the energy bandwidth of the Si 111 beamline monochromator.     

Semiconductor optical fibres: progress and opportunities

This paper reviews recent progress in the nascent field of semiconductor optical fibres, from the fundamentals through to device demonstration. The incorporation of semiconductor materials into both the step‐index and microstructured fibre geometries provides a route to introducing new optoelectronic functionality into existing glass fibre technologies. Herein, the various fabrication methods that have been developed as of to date are described, and their compatibility with the different semiconductor materials and fibre designs discussed. Results will be presented on the optical transmission properties of several fibre types, with particular attention being paid to the observation of nonlinear propagation in silicon core fibres. Finally, some speculation regarding the future prospects and applications of this new class of fibre will be provided.     

Splitting Single-Photon Polarization State with Weak Cross—Kerr Nonlinearity

We propose a three-party scheme for quantum information splitting (QIS) of an arbitrary single-photon polarization state based on weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity combined with linear optics elements such as polarization beam splitters (PBSs) and half wave plates (HWPs). The scheme is generalized to the arbitrary-party case. With the help of quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements, our schemes can be accomplished in an almost deterministic way. The two schemes are feasible with the current technology.     

Retinal axial focusing and multi-layer imaging with a liquid crystal adaptive optics camera

With the help of adaptive optics(AO) technology, cellular level imaging of living human retina can be achieved.Aiming to reduce distressing feelings and to avoid potential drug induced diseases, we attempted to image retina with dilated pupil and froze accommodation without drugs. An optimized liquid crystal adaptive optics camera was adopted for retinal imaging. A novel eye stared system was used for stimulating accommodation and fixating imaging area. Illumination sources and imaging camera kept linkage for focusing and imaging different layers. Four subjects with diverse degree of myopia were imaged. Based on the optical properties of the human eye, the eye stared system reduced the defocus to less than the typical ocular depth of focus. In this way, the illumination light can be projected on certain retina layer precisely.Since that the defocus had been compensated by the eye stared system, the adopted 512 × 512 liquid crystal spatial light modulator(LC-SLM) corrector provided the crucial spatial fidelity to fully compensate high-order aberrations. The Strehl ratio of a subject with-8 diopter myopia was improved to 0.78, which was nearly close to diffraction-limited imaging. By finely adjusting the axial displacement of illumination sources and imaging camera, cone photoreceptors, blood vessels and nerve fiber layer were clearly imaged successfully.     

基于Tracepro的微棱镜反光膜正入射无效光分析

为了提高反光膜的逆反射率,对正入射时微棱镜反光膜的无效光特性进行了研究.利用几何光学原理对单个角锥的无效光出射方式进行了分析,得到了单个角锥无效光的出射特性.在单个角锥的基础上,进一步分析了角锥阵列中无效光的传播特性,发现部分无效光能完成逆反射.分析了无效光在角锥阵列中的反射机理及无效光反射率随角锥阵列底厚变化的规律,利用Tracepro软件进行了仿真验证,得到单一无效区逆反射率变化曲线及小阵列逆反射率变化曲线.仿真结果证明了分析的正确性及底厚对无效光的重要影响,并给出了合理设计角锥棱镜阵列形状及底厚的建议,为提高微棱镜逆反射率、合理设计角锥棱镜底厚提供了理论依据.     

二波混频高功率单频窄线宽光纤激光器

设计并制造了一种基于二波混频的高功率单频窄线宽光纤激光器.激光器采用长线形腔结构,以Er3+/Yb3+双包层光纤作为增益介质,利用输出信号光分束反馈注入,与腔内振荡激光混频干涉,形成分布的增益光栅与折射率光栅共同作用选模,获得稳定的1550.63 nm单频高功率激光输出.在975 nm多模激光二极管(LD)抽运下,激光...     

彩色负片印片颗粒指数的准确测定

分析了彩色负片印片颗粒指数σper实际测试中不同性能负片的测试特点和影响因素。印片颗粒指数的测试点应根据彩色负片的感光特性确定,为正常扩印时对应正片0．74中灰密度的负片密度点。影响印片颗粒指数值的两个主要因素是彩色相纸的反差修正系数α和彩色负片的覆盖力系数ECP;建立了α和ECP的实验求取方法,并通过对几种负片参量的实际测定,分析和说明了参量变化对印片颗粒指数数值的影响程度和应进行的修正。     

利用边缘相位校正实现光束整形的高精度优化

提出利用边缘相位校正的新方法,校正用追迹法设计的产生环形光束的衍射光学元件的相位分布,从而实现光束整形中的高精度优化。通过将高斯光束整形为环形光束,将该方法、G-S(Gerchberg-Saxton)算法和改进的G-S算法设计得到的整形结果作了比较,结果表明,G-S算法的整形结果虽然衍射效率最大,但是均方根值和最大偏差也太大;改进的G-S算法可以有效的降低均方根值和最大偏差,但衍射效率也有较大的下降;而用边缘相位校正可以在衍射效率略微下降的情况下,更大的降低均方根值和最大偏差,其整形结果是综合了衍射效率、均方根值和最大偏差这三个评价指标以后得到的最优化结果,已接近理想的环形光束。     

基于折反射原理的层去反求技术研究

为了克服传统层去反求测量中图像衬比度较低的缺陷,提出一种新的基于棱镜反射原理的层去反求图像摄取方法。该方法利用棱镜的全发射和折射作用提高图像衬比度,根据物体反射率的高低可分别采用垂直照明和倾斜照明,分别可获得高衬比度的亮目标暗背景和暗目标亮背景图像,为了校正由于折反射引入的几何变形,推出了相应的数学变换模型。该研究已成功投入实际产品校正的应用中,研究表明这种新的层去法比起传统的层去法不仅在于图像衬比度高,而且物体截面图像的轮廓更清晰可靠、无需填充反差材料,有望在零件及模型的反求测量中发挥较大的作用。     

Third-order nonlinear optical studies of new anthraquinone derivatives

Four new donor-acceptor-donor anthraquinone derivatives were synthesized and characterized by UV, IR, ¹H NMR and elemental analysis. Their off-resonant third-order nonlinear optical properties were measured using femtosecond laser and degenerate four-wave mixing technique. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities χ⁽³⁾ were 3.36-3.76 × 10⁻¹³ esu. The nonlinear refractive indexes n₂ were 6.19-6.91 × 10⁻¹² esu. The second-order hyperpolarizabilities γ of the molecules were 3.36-3.76 × 10⁻³¹ esu. The response times were 101-115 fs. The results show that these compounds have potential nonlinear optical applications.