平台式和斜坡式表面放电辐射源放电特性的比较

 介绍了平台式和斜坡式两种结构的表面放电辐射源,研究了在1.0 μF和1.5 μF储能电容、15~30 kV充电电压等实验条件下两种辐射源的放电特性,并对实验结果进行了比较分析。得到如下结论：对于斜坡式辐射源,增加电极间距可导致放电回路面积增大,因此等效电阻和等效电感也将增加;在相同电压及电容值条件下,斜坡式辐射源的放电电流、平均沉积功率均小于平台式辐射源的相应值,但放电沉积效率略大;电压升高使放电周期、电流达到峰值时间及放电沉积效率呈减小趋势,对于同一种辐射源,使用1.5 μF电容时放电回路参数更加匹配,放电沉积效率得到提高。     

衬底温度对PLD方法制备的ZnO薄膜的光学和电学特性的影响

利用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在c面蓝宝石衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜并对其进行了X射线衍射(XRD)、反射式高能电子衍射(RHEED)、光致发光(PL)谱和霍尔(Hall)测试.RHEED和XRD分析表明,温度在350℃至550℃之间时,ZnO薄膜的结晶质量随着衬底温度的升高而提高,当衬底温度进一步升高后,ZnO薄膜的结晶质量开始下降.四个样品中,衬底温度为550℃的样品具有最清晰的规则点状RHEED图像和半高宽最窄的(0002)衍射峰.PL谱和Hall测量的结果表明,衬底温度为550℃的样品还具有最好的发光性质和最大的霍尔迁移率.     

ZnO纳米钉的制备和光学性质研究

通过化学气相沉积(CVD)方法在Si(100)衬底上制备出新型的ZnO纳米钉结构.X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明纳米钉是六角纤锌矿结构.纳米钉顶部对角线在450～750 nm之间,纳米钉长度为几个微米.研究了不同气氛下退火样品的可见发光性质,认为绿光发射来自于导带电子和反位氧中空穴的辐射复合.     

用化学溶液方法在Ni-5at%W基底上制备La2Zr2O7过渡层的研究

La2Zr2O7(LZO)过渡层以其独特的物理化学性质越来越受到人们的关注。本文以乙酰丙酮镧和乙酰丙酮锆为前驱盐,丙酸为溶剂配置前驱液,用化学溶液方法(CSD)在具有立方织构的Ni-5at%W基底上制备了LZO过渡层薄膜。研究了前驱液成分、性质以及退火温度对LZO成相以及取向的影响。用常规XRD和X射线四环衍射仪分析了LZO薄膜的相成分和织构。结果显示,在1050℃下退火可以获得强立方织构的LZO薄膜,其中(222)峰的Phi扫描半高宽值为8.95°;(400)峰的Chi扫描半高宽值为6.8°。用高分辨扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)观察到LZO薄膜表面均匀致密,没有裂纹和空洞。     

Dielectric Properties Investigation of Metal–Insulator–Metal (MIM) Capacitors

This study presents the construction and dielectric properties investigation of atomic-layer-deposition Al₂O₃/TiO₂/HfO₂ dielectric-film-based metal–insulator–metal (MIM) capacitors. The influence of the dielectric layer material and thickness on the performance of MIM capacitors are also systematically investigated. The morphology and surface roughness of dielectric films for different materials and thicknesses are analyzed via atomic force microscopy (AFM). Among them, the 25 nm Al₂O₃-based dielectric capacitor exhibits superior comprehensive electrical performance, including a high capacitance density of 7.89 fF·µm⁻², desirable breakdown voltage and leakage current of about 12 V and 1.4 × 10⁻¹⁰ A·cm⁻², and quadratic voltage coefficient of 303.6 ppm·V⁻². Simultaneously, the fabricated capacitor indicates desirable stability in terms of frequency and bias voltage (at 1 MHz), with the corresponding slight capacitance density variation of about 0.52 fF·µm⁻² and 0.25 fF·µm⁻². Furthermore, the mechanism of the variation in capacitance density and leakage current might be attributed to the Poole–Frenkel emission and charge-trapping effect of the high-k materials. All these results indicate potential applications in integrated passive devices.     

高能X光照相CCD成像系统的模糊效应

 指出了景深、可见光衍射、辐射输运是CCD图像接收系统模糊效应的3个影响因素。用MCNP方法研究了转换屏内的辐射输运,给出了不同入射光子能谱和转换屏厚度下转换屏内能量沉积随半径的变化关系。结果表明:能量沉积随转换屏厚度的增加而线性增加;辐射输运引起的模糊与光子能谱有关,但硬化谱引起的模糊随转换屏厚度的变化小于非硬化谱;转换屏内的辐射输运是CCD图像接收系统模糊效应的主要影响因素;辐射输运引起的模糊和高斯模糊是不同的。     

一种用于电子纸的电泳液的显示性能研究

用有机颜料汉沙黄(P.Y.3)、苏丹黑和合适的稳定剂为原料配制了一种性能稳定的电泳显示液.分析了此电泳显示液中颜料微粒的带电机理及其影响因素,研究了在改变电压方向时反射光谱与吸收光谱的变化及其原因,光谱分析结果表明体系中存在的各种吸附使显示效果受到局限,反射谱与吸收谱的变化在表征器件的显示特性时呈现出一致性,器件的反射光强和反射率在不同波长上有区域选择性,同时对比度也有区域选择性,这决定了在监测器件的响应时应选择的波长范围以及可利用的光源.兼顾灵敏性和测试信号强度的需求,选用峰值波长为470 nm的蓝光二极管为光源,电泳槽的厚度为0.2 mm,用荧光光谱仪监测相同周期不同幅值脉冲电压作用下颜料微粒在493 nm波长处的反射光强的变化,并由示波器记录并输出反射光强随驱动电压的变化,还结合相关理论讨论了驱动电压对器件的反射光强和对比度的影响.     

白血病细胞酶联免疫酶催化银沉积于插指电极阵列电化学免疫分析新方法

建立了一种检测白血病细胞表面抗原的细胞酶联免疫电化学分析新方法. 该方法兼有细胞酶联免疫分析抗原、抗体结合的特异性和插指电极阵列酶催化银沉积电化学分析的灵敏性. 在聚苯乙烯微孔板中包被白血病细胞, 先后加入鼠抗人抗体及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)标记的马抗鼠抗体, ALP催化抗坏血酸磷酸酯(AAP)水解成抗坏血酸(AA), AA使银离子还原成银单质并沉积到插指电极阵列表面, 导致插指电极阵列上相邻两个梳齿导通. 通过对电导率的测定, 可实现对细胞表面抗原的高灵敏分析. 此分析方法灵敏度高(可检测出50个左右的HL-60细胞)、特异性好, 且可用于大量样品的分析, 为白血病等肿瘤疾病的早期诊断和免疫分型提供了新技术. 此外, 该方法也可用于细胞表面分子基因工程抗体活性的检测.     

Electroanalytical Techniques for the Detection of Selenium as a Biologically and Environmentally Significant Analyte—A Short Review

This short review deals with the properties and significance of the determination of selenium, which is in trace amounts an essential element for animals and humans, but toxic at high concentrations. It may cause oxidative stress in cells, which leads to the chronic disease called selenosis. Several analytical techniques have been developed for its detection, but electroanalytical methods are advantageous due to simple sample preparation, speed of analysis and high sensitivity of measurements, especially in the case of stripping voltammetry very low detection limits even in picomoles per liter can be reached. A variety of working electrodes based on mercury, carbon, silver, platinum and gold materials were applied to the analysis of selenium in various samples. Only selenium in oxidation state + IV is electroactive therefore the most of voltammetric determinations are devoted to it. However, it is possible to detect also other forms of selenium by indirect electrochemistry approach.     

The Early Steps of Molecule-to-Material Conversion in Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): A Case Study

Transition metal complexes with β-diketonate and diamine ligands are valuable precursors for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of metal oxide nanomaterials, but the metal-ligand bond dissociation mechanism on the growth surface is not yet clarified in detail. We address this question by density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) in combination with the Blue Moon (BM) statistical sampling approach. AIMD simulations of the Zn β-diketonate-diamine complex Zn(hfa)₂TMEDA (hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate; TMEDA = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine), an amenable precursor for the CVD of ZnO nanosystems, show that rolling diffusion of this precursor at 500 K on a hydroxylated silica slab leads to an octahedral-to-square pyramidal rearrangement of its molecular geometry. The free energy profile of the octahedral-to-square pyramidal conversion indicates that the process barrier (5.8 kcal/mol) is of the order of magnitude of the thermal energy at the operating temperature. The formation of hydrogen bonds with surface hydroxyl groups plays a key role in aiding the dissociation of a Zn-O bond. In the square-pyramidal complex, the Zn center has a free coordination position, which might promote the interaction with incoming reagents on the deposition surface. These results provide a valuable atomistic insight on the molecule-to-material conversion process which, in perspective, might help to tailor by design the first nucleation stages of the target ZnO-based nanostructures.