Electrical conductance of solutions of lithium nitrate in 1,3-diaminopropane

Electrical conductances and densities of the LiNO₃-1,3-diaminopropane system have been measured as a function of composition and temperature. The results suggest that the solvent molecules may act as bridges between Li⁺ ions at higher concentration of LiNO₃.     

Effects of barium on the nonlinear electrical characteristics and dielectric properties of SnO2-based varistors

The effects of barium on electrical and dielectric properties of the SnO_2·Co_2O_3·Ta_2O_5 varistor system sintered at 1250℃ for 60min were investigated. It is found that barium significantly improves the nonlinear properties. The breakdown electrical field increases from 378.0 to 2834.5V/mm, relative dielectric constant (at 1kHz) falls from 1206 to 161 and the resistivity (at 1kHz) rises from 60.3 to 1146.5kΩ·cm with an increase of BaCO_3 concentration from 0mol% to 1.00mol%. The sample with 1.00mol% barium has the best nonlinear electrical property and the highest nonlinear coefficient (α=29.2). A modified defect barrier model is introduced to illustrate the grain-boundary barrier formation of barium-doped SnO_{2}-based varistors.     

Cu-MgF2复合纳米金属陶瓷薄膜的电导特性研究

用射频磁控共溅射法制备了Cu体积分数分别为 10 % ,15 % ,2 0 %和 3 0 %的Cu MgF2 复合金属陶瓷薄膜 .用x射线衍射、x射线光电子能谱和变温四引线技术对薄膜的微结构、组分及电导特性进行了测试分析 .微结构分析表明 :制备的Cu MgF2 复合薄膜由fcc Cu晶态纳米微粒镶嵌于主要为非晶态的MgF2 陶瓷基体中构成 ,Cu晶粒的平均晶粒尺寸随组分增加从 11 9nm增至 17 8nm .5 0— 3 0 0K温度范围内的电导测试结果表明 :当Cu体积分数qM 由 15 %增加到 2 0 %时 ,Cu MgF2 复合薄膜的电阻减小了 8个量级 ,得出制备的复合薄膜渗透阈qCM 应处于 15 %和 2 0 %之间 .qM 在 10 %和 15 %之间的薄膜呈介质导电状态 ,而在 2 0 %和 3 0 %之间的薄膜则呈金属导电状态 .从理论上讨论了复合薄膜中杂质电导和本征电导的激活能及其对电导的贡献 ,并讨论了Cu MgF2 复合纳米金属陶瓷薄膜的渗透阈 ,得到了和实验一致的结果     

超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4/超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的输运性质

采用热压法获得了具有不同混合比例的超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4/超高分子量聚乙烯导电复合材料,并利用x射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和标准四引线方法对复合材料的结构和低温电输运性质进行测量.实验结果显示,超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4颗粒随机分布在聚合物本体中,相互间没有连接构成网络结构.在正常态下,复合材料的电阻-温度变化曲线给出类半导体行为.但对应于超导氧化物La1.85Sr0.15CuO4的超导转变温度Tc处,复合材料的电阻-温度变化曲线出现了极小值.室温下电阻率ρ随外加电场强度E的变化曲线测量结果表明,ρ-E曲线为一线形关系,随着电场强度E增加,电阻率ρ下降.文中对可能存在的导电机制进行分析,结果表明隧道贯穿模型可以很好地解释复合材料的导电机制.另外,外加电场强度E对复合材料的电输运特性有明显的影响.     

Short-range order and F ion diffusion inside the Pb1 − xAlxF2 + x solid solution Part II: Al NMR investigation and proposal of clustering process

A ²⁷Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigation at room temperature of the Pb_{1 − x}Al_xF_{2 + x} (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.12) solid solution and of the ordered Pb₉Al₂F₂₄ phase is carried out. Two different types of aluminium ions are identified and their ratio is determined as a function of x. A clustering process based on the formation of column clusters, more and more extended when x increases, is proposed on the basis of results issued from the ¹⁹F (Part I) and ²⁷Al NMR investigations.     

Synthesis,characterization, and electrical properties of polypyrrole/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites

Size‐controllable polypyrrole (PPy)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites have been synthesized by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization directed by various concentrations of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Raman spectra, FTIR, SEM, and TEM were used to characterize their structure and morphology. These results showed that the composites are core (MWCNT)–shell (PPy) tubular structures with the thickness of the PPy layer in the range of 20–40 nm, depending on the concentration of CTAB. Raman and FTIR spectra of the composites are almost identical to those of PPy alone. The electrical conductivities of these composites are 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those of PPy without MWCNTs. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 6449–6457, 2006     

Structural and electrical characterization of SxSe100−x thin films

Thin films of samples of the glassy S_xSe_100−x system with 0 ≤ x ≤ 7.28 have been prepared by thermal evaporation technique at room temperature (300 K). X-ray investigations show that the structure of pure selenium (Se) does change seriously by the addition of small amount of sulphur S ≤7.28%. The lattice parameters were determined as a function of sulphur content. Results of differential thermal analysis (DTA) of the glassy compositions of the system S_xSe_100−x were discussed. The characteristic temperatures (T_g, T_c and T_m) were evaluated. Dark electrical resistivities, ρ, of S_xSe_100−x thin films with different thicknesses from 100 to 500 nm, were measured in the temperature range from 300 to 423 K. Two distinct linear parts with different activation energies were observed. The variation of electrical resistivity of examined compositions has been discussed as a function of the film thickness, temperature and the sulphur content. The application of Mott model for the phonon assisted hopping of small polarons gave the same two activation energies obtained from the resistivity temperature calculations.     

Influence of chemistry and hot rolling conditions on high permeability non-grain oriented silicon steel

This paper discusses the influence of chemical composition on the final electromagnetic properties in higher permeability material. Furthermore, the effect of the hot rolling practice and the end of austenite transformation temperature range on the hot band microstructure is described. The magnetic polarization J₅₀₀₀ better than 1.7 T, using hot rolling conditions 40 mm transfer bar thickness, finish mill entry temperature 1000 °C, and finishing temperature 800–840 °C and after decarburization heat treatment and grain growth treatment, was obtained.     

外电场下光聚合反应动力学的表征方法

外电场下光聚合反应动力学的表征方法李从武，潘昂上海材料研究所，上海２０００８２）关键词光聚合反应、液晶、外电场、动力学、表征近年来，液晶单体在外场（电场、磁场和剪切力）下在位光聚合反应的研究工作受到了很大的关注［’，ＺＩ．众所周知，热致型侧链高分子液...     

Formation of Amorphous AgI Aggregates Dominating Fast Ion Conductivity in AgI-based Glasses

Precise calorimetry was performed for (AgI)_x(AgPO₃)_1–x and (AgI)_x(Ag₂PO_3.5)_1–x glasses with very high AgI compositions (x0.75). The glasses showed -glass transitions due to the freezing-in of the rearrangement of conductive Ag⁺ ions. Magnitude of the associated heat-capacity jump increased with increasing the AgI composition in the respective glass systems, and was larger in the former system than in the latter when compared at the same AgI composition. All the results were well explained by the amorphous AgI aggregate model for the AgI-based fast ion conducting glasses, indicating the appropriateness of the model for the structure of the glasses with high AgI compositions. The formation of the hypothetical bulk amorphous AgI was also indicated in the glasses at the highest limit of AgI composition.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.