野生铁核桃树上的寄生草红外光谱考证

本文用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测定了野生铁核桃树上的寄生草的红外光谱数据,与文献<参考文献原文>中的野生铁核桃叶和花的光谱图进行对比。初步得知, 野生铁核桃树上的寄生草的吸收峰与野生铁核桃叶和花的吸收峰较为接近。其结果为寄生草药效的说明及推广提供了重要的依据。     

Fall back equilibrium

Fall back equilibrium is a refinement of the Nash equilibrium concept. In the underlying thought experiment each player faces the possibility that, after all players decided on their action, his chosen action turns out to be blocked. Therefore, each player has to decide beforehand on a back-up action, which he plays in case he is unable to play his primary action.     

Gross-Pitaevskii non-linear dynamics for pseudo-spinor condensates

We derive the equations for the non-linear effective dynamics of a so called pseudo-spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, which emerges from the linear many-body Schrödinger equation at the leading order in the number of particles. The considered system is a three-dimensional diluted gas of identical bosons with spin, possibly confined in space, and coupled with an external time-dependent magnetic field; particles also interact among themselves through a short-scale repulsive interaction. The limit of infinitely many particles is monitored in the physically relevant Gross-Pitaevskii scaling. In our main theorem, if at time zero the system is in a phase of complete condensation (at the level of the reduced one-body marginal) and with energy per particle fixed by the Gross-Pitaevskii functional, then such conditions persist also at later times, with the one-body orbital of the condensate evolving according to a system of non-linear cubic Schrödinger equations coupled among themselves through linear (Rabi) terms. The proof relies on an adaptation to the spinor setting of Pickl’s projection counting method developed for the scalar case. Quantitative rates of convergence are available, but not made explicit because evidently non-optimal. In order to substantiate the formalism and the assumptions made in the main theorem, in an introductory section we review the mathematical formalisation of modern typical experiments with pseudo-spinor condensates.     

Self‐Assembly of Poly(vinylpyridine‐b‐oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) Diblock Copolymers

Poly(oligoethylene glycol)‐poly(2‐vinylpyridine) is a model diblock for studying the effect of block‐localized charge on block copolymer self‐assembly because in the absence of charge the polymers are perfectly miscible, and upon protonation of the vinylpyridine block the polymer undergoes an order–disorder transition. Seven model block copolymers with molecular weights of approximately 60 kDa containing poly(2‐vinylpyridine) volume fractions spanning 0.069–0.700 were synthesized using reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization and then studied to understand the effect of protonation level, diblock composition, and temperature on the location of the ordering transition and the type of nanostructures formed in a charge asymmetric system. All of the polymers displayed lower critical solution‐type behavior, with the order–disorder transition temperature decreasing with increasing acid content. Polymers with symmetric compositions showed the highest degree of incompatibility for a given degree of protonation, and the observed morphologies for all polymers were consistent with those observed at similar compositions for classical hydrophobic block copolymers. The observed protonation‐induced phase transition can be explained by the shift of the Flory–Huggins parameter due to the alternation of the identity of monomers, consistent with the prediction of Nakamura and Wang's theory. The use of polyvalent ions promotes self‐assembly at lower concentrations, consistent with ionic crosslinking effects between polymer chains that are promoted at high concentration due to exchange entropy in crosslinked polymers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017 , 55, 1181–1190     

乌灵参的红外光谱分析

本文采用傅里叶红外光谱仪测试了乌灵参、鸡枞(根部)及文山三七的红外光谱图, 分析比较它们的红外光谱图。结果表明, 乌灵参与鸡枞均在3389、2929、2878、2030、1644、1562、1383、1321、1255、1143、936、628、556cm-1附近有吸收峰, 两张图谱有62％的相似性, 乌灵参与文山三七均在2930、2031、1731、1647、1442、1373、1253、1150、1020、936、573cm-1附近有吸收峰, 两张图谱有52％的相似性。初步推知, 乌灵参与文山三七的相似疗效可能与这些相似峰所对应的某些官能团有关;同时, 鸡枞可能也存在一些与乌灵参相似的药效。此结果为乌灵参与云南白药相同疗效的说明及鸡枞可能药效的推理提供了科学的依据。     

Experimental verification of improved effective index method for endlessly single mode photonic crystal fiber

We report the experimental verification of Improved Effective Index Method (IEIM) for Endlessly Single Mode Photonic Crystal Fibers (ESM PCFs) from far field intensity measurements. In this paper all the key parameters i.e. V-Number, effective refractive index of the cladding, radius of the core and numerical aperture have been obtained from the experimentally measured far-field intensity pattern of ESM-PCFs. It is shown that the transmission characteristics of ESM-PCFs match with the simulation result obtained using IEIM and also with the core diameter of PCF obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM) within the experimental limit.     

Mechanochemistry on the Müller–Brown surface by Newton trajectories

Chemical processes which suffer the application of mechanical force are theoretically described by effective potential energy surface (PES). We worked out (W. Quapp, J. M. Bofill, Theor. Chem. Acc. 2016, 135, 113) that the changes due to the force for the minimums and for the saddle points can be described by Newton trajectories (NT) of the original PES. If the force is so high that the saddle point disappears into a shoulder then the mechanochemical action is fulfilled: the pulling force breaks down the reaction barrier. The point is named barrier breakdown point. Different families of NTs form corridors on the original PES which describe qualitative different actions of the force. The border regions of such corridors are governed by the valley‐ridge inflection points (VRI) of the surface. Here, we discuss all this on the basis of the well‐known Müller–Brown surface, and we describe a new kind of NT‐corridor.     

基于四波混频效应实现弱光对强光信噪比优化的研究

我们理论上研究了基于热铷原子系综中的四波混频效应实现信噪比优化的系统。我们分析了非相敏放大器与相敏放大器中信号光信噪比的变化情况。在非相敏放大器中,信号光为相干态注入,闲置光为真空态注入,此时信号光在被放大的同时,信噪比降低,其噪声系数大于1。在相敏放大器中,信号光和闲置光均为相干态注入,此时在特定的条件下,信号光在被放大的同时信噪比得到提高,其噪声系数小于1。在注入光束间的相对相位=2 kπ(k为整数)时,信号光的有效增益最大且噪声系数最小。在这样的相对相位下,只要注入闲置光光强高于注入信号光光强的17.2%时,信号光就能够在被放大的同时信噪比得到提高。特别地,当注入闲置光光强同时低于注入信号光光强时,就实现了弱光对强光信噪比的优化作用。     

Statistical and thermodynamic properties of binary self-condensing vinyl polymerization

The thermodynamic properties of a binary self-condensing vinyl polymerization system consisting of monomers and inimers are investigated by the principle of statistical mechanics.In detail,in terms of two types of canonical partition functions constructed from different viewpoints,the equilibrium free energy,the law of mass action and the size distribution of hyperbranched polymers are obtained.As an application,the specific heat,equation of state and isothermal compressibility concerning the polymerization...