微液滴的非机械驱动

微液滴的非机械驱动是操纵微小尺雨液体流动的新方法。本文介绍当前有关微液滴非机械驱动的研究进展，包括：利用电化学方法产生并消耗表面活性分子来产生表面张力梯度；把表面浸润性梯度和温度梯度相结合；通过光敏化合物偶氮部分顺反异构的转换导致表面自由能的变化，最后由光照来驱动微液滴，以及利用固体基片上的亲水疏水条纹构建微芯片上实验室的液体非机械输送网络。     

高分子材料平面应变拉伸变形局部化

将基于应变软化玻璃状高分子材料微观特征建立的ＢＰＡ８－链分子网络模型引入ＵｐｄａｔｉｎｇＬａｇｒａｎｇｅ有限元方法，建立了适于变形局部化分析的大变形弹塑性有限元驱动应力法．在此基础上，数值模拟了初始各向同性高分子材料平面应变拉伸变形局部化的传播过程．探讨了ＢＰＡ模型对具有加工硬化特性的结晶性高分子材料变形分析的适应性；分析了局部化传播过程中颈缩截面的非均匀应力三轴效应；最后，讨论了网格尺寸以及初始几何不均匀性对颈缩扩散以及应力三轴效应的影响     

高功率窄脉宽半导体激光激励器设计

为了获得高功率窄脉宽半导体激光,设计了半导体激光器相应的激励单元,论述MOSFET作为高速开关的工作机理,分析基于MOSFET作为高速开关产生窄的大电流脉冲的电路模型.为了使MOSFET开关速度尽可能快,根据前述分析,提出推挽式MOSFET栅极驱动方式并设计了触发窄脉冲的发生电路.当激光二极管接入放电回路时,实验表明:激光二极管输出光的峰值功率可达67.5 W,脉宽约为20 ns.最后,简要分析了影响光脉冲宽度的因素.     

大功率LED脉冲位置调制解调设计

脉冲位置调制是室内可见光通信的主要调制方式之一,它具有功率利用率高,频带利用率好,抗干扰性强的特点.为实现室内大功率白光LED照明通信,在分析PPM的原理基础上提出了一种改进的调制方式,给出了这种PPM符号的结构,并设计了大功率LED的驱动电路.其主要特点是由单片机直接输出帧同步信号加PPM信号,不设置保护时隙,其利用...     

薄差储层有效驱替理论与应用

应用油藏工程方法,综合考虑驱替压力梯度和启动压力梯度的影响对薄差储层有效驱替理论进行研究.根据不等产量一源一汇驱替压力梯度公式,分别得到地层压力、注入压力、井底流压以及井距变化时的驱替压力梯度图版,并分析其变化规律;根据岩心水动力实验结果,建立启动压力梯度与渗透率的关系,分析有效驱动不同渗透率的储层所需要的驱替压力梯度临界值.研究表明:驱替压力梯度大于最大启动压力梯度是薄差储层有效驱替的必要条件;小井距是薄差层有效驱动的最优选择;可以通过措施和注采压力系统调整达到驱替压力梯度高于最大启动压力梯度的目的,从而有效驱动薄差储层.研究对薄差储层开采具有重要的指导意义,并在矿场试验中得到了有效论证.     

利用皮秒脉冲激光驱动瞬态X射线激光

报道了利用皮秒激光驱动产生瞬态类镍银X射线激光的实验结果.采用一路脉冲宽度为数百皮秒的激光作为预脉冲，配合另一路皮秒激光作为主脉冲联合驱动平面靶，获得了一定强度的类镍银X射线激光输出，输出能量约为5—10nJ. 关键词： 瞬态X射线激光 长短脉冲联合驱动 皮秒脉冲激光     

Numerical investigation of hydroplaning characteristics of three-dimensional patterned tire

Hydroplaning characteristics of patterned tire on wet road are investigated by making use of finite volume and finite element methods. A detailed 3-D patterned tire model is constructed by our in-house modeling program and the rainwater flow is considered as incompressible and inviscid. Meanwhile, the fluid–structure interaction between the highly complicated tire tread and the rainwater flow is effectively treated by the general coupling method. Through the numerical experiments, the rainwater flow drained through tire grooves, hydrodynamic pressure and contact force are investigated and compared with those of the three-grooved tire model.     

Numerical simulation of a fluid-saturated soil under a dynamically loaded pile

The behaviour of the soil under a dynamically loaded pile toe is studied. The soil is modelled as a fluid saturated porous continuum. The constitutive behaviour of the solid skeleton is described by the elasto-plastic model of Drücker-Prager. The wave propagation is simulated with a dynamical finite-element program.A two-phase model of soil gives useful information about effective stress and pore pressure in the soil. In saturated soil the main wave under the pile toe propagates more downards than in dry soil, due to the higher compressional stiffness in saturated soil. The plastic zone under the pile toe propagates with the velocity of the fast compressional wave. The pore fluid influences the plasticity strongly and can be expected to affect pile driving too.The distribution of effective stress and pore pressure under the pile toe depends on the permeability of the soil and cannot be calculated uniquely from a single-phase calculation. Therefore, a nonlinear soil cannot be modelled correctly as a conventional single-phase material.     

A consideration of curved interfaces in stress-assisted martensite formation

A purely mechanical, sharp interface model is developed to consider curved interfaces that have been observed between martensite phase variants. The approach is based on a theory of small strains as distinct from small displacement gradients. It admits a realistic characterization of each phase with standard elasticity tensors and allows for inhomogeneous states of strain within each phase including inhomogeneous, finite rotations. The model indicates that any signficant interface curvature must be due to material rotation because interfaces cannot be finitely curved with respect to the material lattice. It is also found that the interface driving traction is not influenced by local lattice rotations unless inertia affects the reaction.