Nanomaterials based upon silylated layered double hydroxides

A class of nanomaterials based upon the surface modification of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been synthesized by grafting silanes onto the surfaces of the LDH. By in situ coprecipitation, the surfaces of a LDH have been modified through grafting of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS) using the anionic surfactant Na-dodecylsulfonate (SDS). The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The grafted LDH (LDH-G) displays distinct XRD patterns proving the obtained materials are a new and different phase. The FTIR spectra of the silylated hydrotalcite show bands attributed to Si-O-M (M = Mg and Al) vibration at 996 cm⁻¹, suggesting that APTS has successfully been grafted onto the LDH layers. The TG curves prove the grafted sample has less M-OH concentration and less interlayer water molecules, as indicated by the M-OH consumption during the condensation reaction between Si-OH and M-OH on the LDH surface. The grafted sample displays a ribbon-like thin sheet in the TEM images, with the lateral thickness estimated as 2.5 nm.     

双回碰机制下双电子谐波发射的特点

本文数值研究了阿秒分辨下双电子He原子发射高次谐波的特点.数值计算结果表明,双电子谐波光谱的截止能量与单电子相比有较大延伸,并且我们发现了一些新的截止能量.随后分析显示,这些新的截止能量是由双电子的双回碰机制所导致的,并且电子相关效应在里面起到了很重要的作用.     

Upper bound for the time derivative of entropy for a stochastic dynamical system with double singularities driven by non-Gaussian noise

A stochastic dynamical system with double singularities driven by non-Gaussian noise is investigated. The Fokker--Plank equation of the system is obtained through the path-integral approach and the method of transformation. Based on the definition of Shannon's information entropy and the Schwartz inequality principle, the upper bound for the time derivative of entropy is calculated both in the absence and in the presence of non-equilibrium constraint. The present calculations can be used to interpret the effects of the system dissipative parameter, the system singularity strength parameter, the noise correlation time and the noise deviation parameter on the upper bound.     

Investigation of the energy resolution with a RETGEM detector

A novel Micro-pattern gaseous detector (MPGD), thick GEM with electrodes made of a resistive material (RETGEM) is presented. In this paper we mainly investigate the energy resolution of a RETGEM in Ar+CO_2 with different gas mixtures. The results indicate that an energy resolution 30% in single and double mode can be obtained. The existence of an optimum energy resolution is discussed.     

The entanglement between two isolated atoms in double mode--mode competition model

Extending the double Jaynes--Cummings model to a more complicated case where the mode--mode competition is considered, we investigate the entanglement character of two isolated atoms by means of concurrence, and discuss the dependence of atom--atom entanglement on the different initial state and the relative coupling strength between the atom and the corresponding cavity field. The results show that the amplitude and the period of the atom--atom entanglement evolution can be controlled by the choice of initial state and relative coupling strength, respectively. We find that the phenomenon of entanglement sudden death (ESD) is sensitive to the initial conditions. The length of the time interval for zero entanglement depends not only on the initial degree of entanglement between two atoms but also on the relative coupling strength of atom--field interaction. The ESD effect can be weakened by enhancing the mode--mode competition between the three- and single-photon processes.     

A new cell for X-ray absorption spectroscopy study under high pressure

X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the investigation of the local environment around selected atoms in condensed matter. XAFS under pressure is an important method for the synchrotron source. We design a cell for a high pressure XAFS experiment. Sintered boron carbide is used as the anvils of this high pressure cell in order to obtain a full XAFS spectrum free from diffraction peaks. In addition, a hydraulic pump was adopted to make in-suit pressure modulation. High quality XAFS spectra of ZrH2 under high pressure (up to 13 Gpa) were obtained by this cell.     

Calculation of α decay half-lives for superheavy elements using the double folding model＊

α decay half-lives of some new synthesized superheavy elements, possibly synthesized superheavy elements and decay products are calculated theoretically within the WKB approximation by using microscopic α-nucleus interaction potentials. These nuclear potentials between the α particle and daughter nuclei are obtained by using the double folding integral of the matter density distribution of the α particle and daughter nuclei with a density-dependent effective nucleon-nucleon interaction, in which the zero-range exchange term is supplemented. The calculated α decay half-lives are compared with those of the different models and experimental data. It is shown that the present calculation successfully provides the half-lives of the observed decays for some new superheavy elements and therefore gives reliable predictions for α decay of possibly synthesized superheavy elements in future experiments.     

Binding energies of donor impurities in modulation-doped double quantum wells under an electric field

In this study, we have investigated theoretically the binding energies of shallow donor impurities in modulation-doped GaAs/Al_0.33Ga_0.67As double quantum wells (DQWs) under an electric field which is applied along the growth direction for different doping concentrations as a function of the impurity position. The electronic structure of modulation-doped DQWs under an electric field has been investigated by using a self-consistent calculation in the effective-mass approximation. The results obtained show that the carrier density and the depth of the quantum wells in semiconductors may be tuned by changing the doping concentration, the electric field and the structure parameters such as the well and barrier widths. This tunability gives a possibility of use in many electronic and optical devices.     

双层钨衬套Z箍缩内爆数值模拟

 介绍了在强脉冲电流的作用下双层钨衬套Z箍缩动力学过程的数值模拟,计算了一个双层钨衬套模型,分析了双层衬套的碰撞过程,指出了双层衬套下电磁内爆的现象和特点,给出了碰撞后电流在内外衬筒上的分布,并对箍缩功率和箍缩产生的能量进行了预估。     

Theoretical analysis on double Rayleigh backscattering noise in optical fibreRaman amplifiers and its suppression

In this paper, amplified double Rayleigh backscattering noise (DRB) in the optical fibre Raman amplifier is analysed. Expressions are presented for both forward pumping and backward pumping schemes. Calculation is performed to show the effective suppression of DRB noise by employing an optical isolator. The optimal position for the isolator is determined and is found to be insensitive to the power levels of the signals and pumps. The results show that a reduction of the DRB noise by almost 2 to 3 orders can be reached.