乌鲁木齐南郊土壤动物群落物结构的初步研究

为了解乌鲁木齐城市土壤动物群落结构及物种多样性,从2006年4月至8月对该地区土壤动物进行了研究.结果共获标本529只隶属于3门4纲10目.其中节支动物的数量最多,有215个,占40.64%;环节动物有168个,占总数的31.75%,软体动物有146个占27.59%.寡毛纲、腹足纲和昆虫纲属于优势类群.在多样性分析中发现,林地(A1:2.567;A2:3.362)>林缘草地(C1:2.707;C2:2.878)>草地(B1:2.063;B2:1.830).土壤动物在土壤中具有垂直分布特征,随着土壤深度物种数量逐渐减少.     

长江中国胭脂鱼群体的遗传分化

研究采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）技术，分析了长江上、中游的宜宾、万州、宜昌和武汉金口4个江段的中国胭脂鱼群体的遗传结构．用13个限制性内切酶分析了4个群体线粒体DNAND-5／6片段的限制性片段长度多态性，发现Nci Ⅰ的酶切类型多态性是表现中国胭脂鱼遗传多样性的特异性标志．根据其酶切图谱显示的群体之间存在的多态性，计算出遗传距离和核酸序列差异程度．分析表明，长江宜宾江段的中国胭脂鱼群体与其他3群体产生了明显的歧化现象，长江中、下游群体间的基因交流好于上游群体，中国胭脂鱼群体内遗传结构比较单一，其群体的遗传多样性程度有进一步减退的可能性．     

Skeletal and appendage diversity as design elements in the synthesis of a discovery library of nonaromatic polycyclic 5-iminooxazolidin-2-ones, hydantoins, and acylureas

Amino-acid derived cross-conjugated trienes were used as a starting point for the synthesis of a discovery library of over 200 polycyclic 5-iminooxazolidin-2-ones, hydantoins, and acylureas. The main feature of this library synthesis is a triple branching strategy, which provides efficient access to five skeletally diverse scaffolds. In addition, four sets of building blocks were applied in both a front end and a back end diversification strategy. Multiple fused rings were obtained by cyclization of diamides with phosgene and stereoselective Diels-Alder reactions with maleimides. The 5-iminooxazolidin-2-one scaffold was rearranged into the isomeric hydantoin scaffold through a sequence of ring-opening and ring-closing reactions.     

东疆部分地区寄生蜂资源的初步调查

本文通过对新疆东部部分地区寄生蜂资源进行初步调查,并应用生物多样性主要特性指数的分析方法,对不同地区采集到的5 705头标本进行多样性分析。东疆的寄生蜂资源主要集中在以姬小蜂科Eu loph idae、金小蜂科P terom a lidae、环腹瘿蜂科F ig itidae、茧蜂科B racon idae、蚜茧蜂科A ph id iidae、姬蜂科Ichneum on idae等为主的27科。结果表明:巴里坤山前草地的寄生蜂多样性指数最高,而在巴里坤农田的寄生蜂多样性指数最低;木垒山地草原的寄生蜂丰富度指数最高,而多样性指数则比较低;各地物种优势度相差不大。     

Diversity‐oriented synthesis

Diversity‐oriented synthesis (DOS), which describes the synthesis of structurally diverse collections of small molecules, was developed, in part, to address combinatorial chemistry's shortfalls. In this paper, we hope to give an indication of what can be achieved using the DOS approach to library generation. We describe some of the most successful strategies utilized in DOS, with special focus on our own area of interest; DOS from simple, pluripotent starting materials. © 2008 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 8: 129–142; 2008: Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ) DOI 10.1002/tcr.20144     

1H NMR spectroscopy with internal and external standards for the quantification of libraries

A convenient and easy method based on 1H NMR spectroscopy with both external and internal standards is described for the quantification of members of libraries.     

Comments on the design of chemical libraries for screening

Different representations of molecules, based ondistinct sets of properties can yield differentperspectives of the issues involved in library design.In particular, different chemical representations cangive rise to very different estimates of requiredlibrary sizes. We provide a preliminary mathematicalframework that examines the size of libraries requiredto adequately sample the spaces corresponding to somecommonly used property sets. Introduction ofconformational flexibility is also discussed as ameans of increasing coverage of chemical libraries,while at the same time considering the thermodynamicconsequences of flexibility upon detectable activity.Our theoretical analysis reveals that the propertyspaces currently in use are extremely large andunlikely to provide adequate discrimination amongcompounds.     

渥拉斯顿棱镜在不同方式组合下的光路特性分析

分析了具有相同结构角的两个渥拉斯顿棱镜在不同方式组合下的光路特性。给出了分束角与结构角的关系表达式,同时也给出了分束角与结构角的关系曲线。使用He Ne激光器(波长λ=633nm)对两个结构角S=27°的渥拉斯顿棱镜在四种不同组合方式下的光路进行了测试。结果表明,测试结果与理论计算完全相符。     

普通鲫鱼的RAPD标记及其遗传多样性

采用了387个引物对普通鲫鱼进行了RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA)分析,筛选出了31个重复性好、可用于普通鲫鱼RAPD标记的引物．另用8个引物对普通鲫鱼(20尾)进行了遗传多样性分析：这8个引物共检出45个位点,其中多态性位点数24个,占总位点数的53．33％;据个体间共有带数和Nei′s遗传相似率计算公式,计算出普通鲫鱼平均遗传相似率为88．68％．上述两项指标的初步分析表明,普通鲫鱼具有较为丰富的遗传多样性．