Measure of Ordering in Statistical Systems

In this paper, we introduce a phenomenological measure of ordering in statistical systems. Using this characteristic, we construct a formal model of a system evolving according to the law of steepest ascent as the control parameter increases.     

Fock Theories and Quantum Logics

The notion of Fock theory is introduced in the framework of quantum logics, which are here orthomodular atomic lattices satisfying the covering property. It is shown that there are some fundamental facts concerning particles, which may be successfully discussed in this general context. One of these facts is to establish the theoretical conditions for considering particles as sharply defined entities. The other refers to the theoretical circumstances, which almost impose to consider that some particles have a structure, meaning they are composed from other particles. This last problem is strongly related with the conservative time evolutions.     

Thermodynamic non-additivity in disordered systems with extended phase space

Non-additivity effects in coupled dynamic-stochastic systems are investigated. It is shown that there is a mapping of the replica approach to disordered systems with finite replica indexn on Tsallis non-extensive statistics, if the average thermodynamic entropy of the dynamic subsystem differs from the information entropy for the probability distribution in the stochastic subsystem. The entropic indexq is determined by the entropy difference ΔS. In the case of incomplete information, the entropic indexq=1−n is shown to be related to the degree of lost information.     

无失效数据的Bayes和多层Bayes分析

本文推广了文献[6]的结果，对指数分布无失效数据的失效率，给出了Bayes估计、Bayes置信上限以及多层Bayes估计，从而可以得到无失效数据可靠度的估计，最后，结合实际问题进行了计算。     

Acoustic wavefront imaging

We introduce a new class of experiments which provide graphic insights into the propagation of acoustic waves in anisotropic media. Simply stated, we have devised a means of observing the expanding acoustic wavefront from a point disturbance in a solid. The data may be viewed as a movie or a series of snapshots. The observed wavefronts represent the group-velocity surfaces of acoustic waves, which reflect the basic elastic anisotropy of the solid. The technique has been applied to coherent acoustic waves with frequencies in the megahertz range (at ambient temperatures) and to incoherent heat pulses in the hundred-gigahertz range (at liquid-helium temperatures). In this article, we first provide a pedagogical introduction to wave propagation in elastically anisotropic media, reviewing some early methods for visualizing acoustic waves. Next, we describe the “acoustic wavefront imaging” method and give representative results in crystals and composite materials. Finally, we show how this method relates to recent advances in phonon imaging and internal diffraction of ultrasound.     

A new class of long-tailed pausing time densities for the CTRW

We present some asymptotic results for the family of pausing time densities having the asymptotic (t) property(t) [t ln¹⁺(t/T)]^–1. In particular, we show that for this class of pausing time densities the mean-squared displacement r ²(t) is asymptotically proportional to ln(t/T), and the asymptotic distribution of the displacement has a negative exponential form.     

Optimality for set functions with values in ordered vector spaces

Let (X, , ) be a finite atomless measure space,L a convex subfamily of , andY andZ locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces which are ordered by the conesC andD, respectively. LetF:LY beC-convex andG:LZ beD-convex set functions. Consider the following optimization problem (P): minimizeF(), subject to L andG() _D . The paper generalizes the Moreau-Rockafellar theorem with set functions. By applying this theorem, a Kuhn-Tucker type optimality condition and a Fritz John type optimality condition for problem (P) are established. The duality theorem for problem (P) is also studied.This work was partially supported by National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan. This paper was written while the first author was visiting at the University of Iowa, 1987-88.The authors would like to express their gratitude to the two anonymous referees for their valuable comments. Also, they would like to thank Professor P. L. Yu for his encouragement and suggestions which improved the material presented here considerably.     

Infrared asymptotic freedom of a hierarchical φ 3 6 lattice theory

For the weakly coupled lattice ₃ ⁶ theory in a hierarchical model approximation a nonperturbative renormalization group analysis in the spirit of Gawedzki and Kupiainen is performed to study the flow of the effective actions. We deduce a domain of attraction to the tricritical (Gaussian) fixed point. The two relevant coupling constants of the problem are controlled by analytic continuation to complex domains, tracing their images under the renormalization group iterations.     

Conversions between ordered and disordered cellulose. Effects of mechanical treatment followed by cyclic wetting and drying

An investigation into the effects of mechanical treatment and hydration on the order of cellulose substrates (microcrystalline cellulose and Cladophora cellulose) was performed by the use of ball milling followed by cyclic wetting and drying. The results, monitored by¹³C-CP/MAS NMR-spectroscopy, were evaluated by calculation of the crystallinity indices and principal component analysis of the NMR data acquired. The results showed that a large part of the disorder induced by the mechanical treatment of cellulose by ball milling is reversible and reordering upon hydration leads to the cellulose I form initially present. The C4 signals corresponding to the reversibly disordered cellulose chains are observed in the amorphous region between 79 and 86 ppm in the¹³C-CP/MAS NMR-spectra together with signals from cellulose chains on the surface of ordered regions. The peak cluster which contains the C2, C3 and C5 ring carbons can be divided into two specific spectral regions; one between 74 and 77 ppm largely originates from ring carbons within disordered cellulose structures, and one between 70 and 74 ppm contains larger contributions from ordered cellulose. The behaviour of the celluloses upon milling is in accordance with a concept of ordered cellulose fibrils containing amorphous cellulose mainly as surface layers and induced reversible lattice distortions.     

I NQR and spectroscopic investigation of impurity-doped and mixed lithium iodate Li1−xHxIO3 crystals

The ¹²⁷I NQR, IR absorption and Raman spectra of impurity-doped and mixed lithium iodate Li_1−xH_xIO₃ crystals grown from water solutions with different LiIO₃/HIO₃ ratios were investigated depending on the content of the impurity hydrogen x. The NQR results suggested that, at small concentration of doping iodic acid x<0.22, the lattice dynamics of the crystal grown from water solution changes significantly though the crystal retains hexagonal symmetry. Spectroscopic studies are compatible with average hexagonal symmetry of the grown doped crystals. From the results of Raman studies at room temperature and 100 K, the concentration range of hydrogen dopant 0.22<x<0.36 was found where disordered solid solution crystals Li_1−xH_xIO₃ are formed.