一种基于二进小波变换的自适应滤波方法

根据信号和噪声经小波变换后在不同尺度上有不同的特征，将相邻尺度二进小波变换值的相关量进行归一化处理并与小波变换值比较来判断信号与噪声，以噪声在各尺度的方差作为终止迭代的标准，提出了一种基于二进小波变换小波域选择噪声的自适应滤波方法。研究了模拟信号的去噪过程、半峰宽和信噪比对去噪结果的影响，并对模拟含噪信号和含噪毛细管电泳信号去噪前后的结果进行了比较。实验结果表明：由于该方法具有良好的自适应性和显著的滤波效果，必将得到广泛的应用。     

The High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Detection of Phospholipids and Triglycerides. III. Response of the Differential Refractive Index and Ultraviolet Absorption Detector

Abstract

A liquid chromatographic differential refractive index detector (RI) and an ultraviolet absorption (at 195 nm) detector (UV) were studied for detection of triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PL) molecular species. It was found that the log UV/RI detector response ratio was linearly related to the log of the number of conjugated double bonds (degree of unsaturation) of the lipid in a predictable fashion, indicating the usefulness of the combination of both detectors in TG and PL analysis. The detection limit of the RI detector for TG and PL was found to be 5 × 10 ^?7 M or as sensitive as the UV detector for saturated TG and PL.     

聚多巴胺功能化的四氧化三钴纳米复合材料的制备及电催化性能

通过简单的自聚合反应在四氧化三钴表面包覆聚多巴胺膜,联合使用纳米铂和辣根过氧化物酶用于电催化还原过氧化氢。结果表明,聚多巴胺的使用增强后续纳米铂的负载量和辣根过氧化物酶的生物活性;四氧化三钴、纳米铂和辣根过氧化物酶的多重信号放大作用,大大增强了该复合材料的催化活性,提高了过氧化氢传感器的灵敏度。优化实验条件下,传感器对过氧化氢的检测范围为0.1~700 μmol·L^-1,检测限为0.08 μmol·L^-1。     

Steroid Cyclophanes as Artificial Cell-surface Receptors. Molecular Recognition and its Consequence in Signal Transduction Behavior

Steroid cyclophanes, bearing four bile acid moieties covalently placed on a tetraazaparacyclophane skeleton, were designed and synthesized as artificial cell-surface receptors. Guest-binding behavior of the steroid cyclophanes embedded in a bilayer membrane formed with a synthetic peptide lipid was clarified by means of fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy. We found that the steroid cyclophane effectively bound aromatic guests in both bilayer membranes and aqueous solution. In addition, copper(II) ions acted as a guest species for the steroid cyclophane and a competitive inhibitor toward a NADH-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). On these grounds, we constituted a supramolecular assembly as an artificial signaling system in combination with the steroid cyclophane, a cationic peptide lipid, and LDH. As a consequence, the steroid cyclophane acted as an effective artificial cell-surface receptor being capable of transmitting an external signal to the enzyme in collaboration with copper(II) ions as a signal transmitter.     

分析信号处理方法的比较研究

研究了高效液相色谱－火焰原子吸收光谱联用系统分析信号处理方法，比较了各种处理方法的优缺点，用积分与适应平滑法综合处理色谱峰分析信号，不仅能有效地消除噪声，而且能使分析信号得到加强，以测定镍为例，经积分与适应平滑法综合处理后，检出限改善了２．７倍。     

含磺酸根侧链的聚苯乙炔-吡啶类共轭聚合物的荧光传感性能

利用Sonogashira偶合反应合成了两种新的含磺酸根侧链的聚苯乙炔-吡啶类共轭聚合物P1, P2. 通过紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱对其光学性质及Cu^2＋传感检测进行了研究. 结果表明, 按一定比例嵌段引入吡啶环的聚合物P1能有效地改善共轭主链的刚性, 提高检测的灵敏度, 使共轭聚合物具有更优异的荧光化学传感性能. 在甲醇溶剂中, P1 的荧光能被Cu^2＋有效地猝灭, 相对单体模型分子PESO₃, 其响应信号扩大222倍.     

Wavelet-Fourier self-deconvolution

Using a wavelet function as the filter function of Fourier self-deconvolution, a new method of resolving overlapped peaks, wavelet-Fourier self-deconvolution, is founded. The properties of different wavelet deconvolution functions are studied. In addition, a cutoff value coefficient method of eliminating artificial peaks and wavelet method of removing shoulder peaks using the ratio of maximum peak to minimum peak is established. As a result, some problems in classical Fourier self-deconvolution are solved, such as the bad result of denoising, complicated processing, as well as usual appearance of artificial and shoulder peaks. Wavelet-Fourier self-deconvolution is applied to determination of multi-components in oscillographic chronopotentiometry. Experimental results show that the method has characteristics of simpler process and better effect of processing.     

Efficient removal of unwanted signals in NMR spectra using the filter diagonalization method

It is often desirable to selectively remove corrupting or uninteresting signals from complex NMR spectra without disturbing overlapping or nearby signals. For biofluids in particular, removal of solvent and urea signals is important for retaining quantitative accuracy in NMR‐based metabonomics. This article presents a novel algorithm for efficient filtering of unwanted signals using the filter diagonalization method (FDM). Unwanted signals are modeled in the time domain using FDM. This modeled signal is subtracted from the original free induction decay. The resulting corrected signal is then processed using established workflow. The algorithm is found to be reliable and fast. By eliminating large, broad, uninteresting signals, many spectra can be subjected to fully automated absolute value processing, allowing objective preparation of spectra for pattern recognition analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.