纳米二氧化钛粉体的气相爆轰制备

 介绍了利用氢氧混合气体为原料、以四氯化钛为前驱体、气相爆轰制备纳米二氧化钛粉体的方法。利用XRD衍射结果分析证明,产物为金红石相和锐钛矿相的二氧化钛混晶,其晶粒尺度为纳米量级。通过XRD、SEM、TEM分析可以得出,粒子基本为球形,大部分粒子粒径为10~20 nm,也有少量的100 nm左右的粒子产生。分析后发现,反应发生在爆燃转爆轰的过程中和爆轰管中的湍流现象是导致大粒子产生的主要原因。在对在氢过量和氧过量两种状况下,对爆轰所产生的产物的形貌进行了对比,分析发现两种状况产生纳米二氧化钛粉末粒径分布和形貌并没有太大变化。     

High-Affinity Ratiometric Fluorescence Probe Based on 6-Amino-2,2′-Bipyridine Scaffold for Endogenous Zn2+ and Its Application to Living Cells

Zinc is an essential trace element involved in many biological activities; however, its functions are not fully understood. To elucidate the role of endogenous labile Zn²⁺, we developed a novel ratiometric fluorescence probe, 5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(methylsulfanyl)-[2,2′-bipyridin]-6-amine (6 (rBpyZ)) based on the 6-amino-2,2′-bipyridine scaffold, which acts as both the chelating agent for Zn²⁺ and the fluorescent moiety. The methoxy group acted as an electron donor, enabling the intramolecular charge transfer state of 6 (rBpyZ), and a ratiometric fluorescence response consisting of a decrease at the emission wavelength of 438 nm and a corresponding increase at the emission wavelength of 465 nm was observed. The ratiometric probe 6 (rBpyZ) exhibited a nanomolar-level dissociation constant (K_d = 0.77 nM), a large Stokes shift (139 nm), and an excellent detection limit (0.10 nM) under physiological conditions. Moreover, fluorescence imaging using A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells revealed that 6 (rBpyZ) had good cell membrane permeability and could clearly visualize endogenous labile Zn²⁺. These results suggest that the ratiometric fluorescence probe 6 (rBpyZ) has considerable potential as a valuable tool for understanding the role of Zn²⁺ in living systems.     

146号初等元胞自动机的演化语言的复杂性

Symbolic dynamics of cellular automata is introduced by coarse-graining the temporal evolution orbits. Evolution languages are defined. By using the theory of formal languages and automata, the complexity of evolution languages of the elementary cellular automaton of rule 146 is studied and it is proved that its width 1-evolution language is regular, but for every n ≥ 2 its width n-evolution language is not context-free but context-sensitive. Also, the same results hold for the equivalent （under conjugation） elementary cellular automaton of rule 182.     

空心微米镍球的表面改性及微波吸附性能研究

采用特殊的化学镀方法对已制备的空心微米镍球进行表面组装, 成功地在该镍球表面包覆了一层蜂窝状包覆钴层. 通过FESEM, TEM, XRD衍射表征了该包覆镍球, 观察到均匀包覆钴层的网眼构造和密集孔隙结构. 用BET气体吸附法、同轴线法对该镍球比表面积和微波性能进行了研究. 研究表明, 蜂窝状包覆钴层提高了粒子的比表面积, 同时表面镀钴提高了镍球的复介电常数值, 从而能增加粒子对电磁波的电介质损耗, 提高粒子在微波频率范围内对电磁波的反射吸收.     

Mass-imbalanced Bose-Einstein condensed mixtures in rotating perturbed trap

We consider the mass-imbalanced sensibility for the emergence of vortex patterns in the Bose-Einstein condensed binary mixture of rubidium-cesium (⁸⁵Rb-¹³³Cs), confined in quasi-two-dimensional harmonic traps, with one species linearly perturbed in one direction. Non-dipolar coupled species are chosen to highlight mass symmetry effects. We first analyze the condensed mixture in the unperturbed non-rotating regime, where radial phase separation is verified in the immiscible regime, which occurs for large ratio between inter- and intra-species repulsive interactions. By going to the linear perturbed regime, the radial phase separation that occurs in the immiscible condition splits up with the two densities having their maxima at distinct positions. In the rotating regime of both unperturbed and perturbed cases, the minimum rotation is determined in terms of the inter-species interaction to observe vortex structures. In the immiscible regime a dramatic spatial interchange between the species is verified by increasing the rotation.     

当量比对圆盘结构下旋转爆震波传播的影响

为研究反应物当量比对旋转爆震波传播过程的影响,在圆盘形旋转爆震发动机上进行H₂/air的旋转爆震实验研究,并统计分析了当量比对爆震波传播模态及参数的影响规律.实验结果表明,固定质量流率,同一种传播模态下,随着当量比的增大,爆震波的压力峰值及传播速度增大,且旋转爆震波的传播过程更加稳定.不同质量流率条件下,当量比对传播模态的影响规律不同.空气质量流率小于100 g/s时,旋转爆震波皆以单波模态传播.空气质量流率大于150 g/s时,随着当量比的增大,旋转爆震波的传播模态由单波模态向双波模态转变,再转变为不对称双波模态,最后又回到单波模态.并且在不对称双波模态中发现了低频振荡现象,振荡频率约为300 Hz.质量流率继续增大,燃烧室中发现了同向三波传播模态.随着质量流率的增加,双波模态的当量比下限降低,不对称双波模态的当量比上限增大,而双波与不对称双波模态的分界线受质量流率的影响较小.      

炸药爆炸法合成的纳米金刚石粉

综合介绍了用炸药爆炸法合成的金刚石粉的制备方法、性质和结构特点, 以及一些可能的应用途径。着重指出, 这种金刚石粉是由纳米尺寸的颗粒组成的一种金刚石新品种。     

含能配位聚合物[Co4(HBTI)4(H2O)8]的合成、结构、爆轰性能及催化性质

我们以4,5-双四唑咪唑（H₃BTI）为能量配体,利用水热法构筑了一例新型含能配合物[Co₄（HBTI）₄（H₂O）₈]（1）。晶体结构测定表明配合物1呈中心对称的四核结构,中心离子Co（Ⅱ）呈六配位的八面体几何构型。此外,结合Kissinger和Ozawa-Doyle两种方法对1进行非等温热动力学分析,并基于密度泛函理论计算出1的爆轰性能相关参数。配合物1的摩擦感度高于360 N,且撞击感度高于40 J。配合物1可同时催化高氯酸铵（AP）和1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三嗪烷（RDX）的燃烧分解反应,其分解温度分别提前了25和11℃。     

PEG接枝氧化石墨烯的制备与细胞成像

通过酯化反应将不同分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG)接枝到氧化石墨烯(GO)表面,得到系列GO-PEG。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对GO-PEG的结构和形貌进行了表征,用热重分析(TGA)测定了GO-PEG中PEG的接枝量。SEM结果表明GO-PEG的剥离程度高于GO。GO-PEG在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中具有良好的分散稳定性,稳定性与接枝量呈正相关。GO-PEG通过非共价键合作用对荧光素(Flu)的负载量可达1.75 mg·mg-1,且负载量受接枝量影响;另外,GO-PEG对Flu的释放行为具有pH值触发药物释放性能。将接枝PEG的端羟基与Flu共价键合,所得GO-PEG6000-Flu荧光探针实现了对HepG2细胞的成像。     

PEG接枝氧化石墨烯的制备与细胞成像

通过酯化反应将不同分子量的聚乙二醇（PEG）接枝到氧化石墨烯（GO）表面,得到系列GO-PEG。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、拉曼光谱（Raman）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对GO-PEG的结构和形貌进行了表征,用热重分析（TGA）测定了GO-PEG中PEG的接枝量。SEM结果表明GO-PEG的剥离程度高于GO。GO-PEG在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中具有良好的分散稳定性,稳定性与接枝量呈正相关。GO-PEG通过非共价键合作用对荧光素（Flu）的负载量可达1.75mg·mg^-1,且负载量受接枝量影响;另外,GO-PEG对Flu的释放行为具有pH值触发药物释放性能。将接枝PEG的端羟基与Flu共价键合,所得GO-PEG₆₀₀₀-Flu荧光探针实现了对HepG₂细胞的成像。