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71.
Hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxides are formed during aerobic metabolism and contribute to oxidative stress, a major factor in many diseases and degenerative conditions. Although the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) affords antioxidant protection in vivo by catalytically reducing harmful peroxides with glutathione, certain conditions benefit from the administration of small-molecule GPx mimetics for additional protection. To date, ebselen has been the most widely studied such compound, but its catalytic mechanism is complex and highly variable with conditions. Progress in elucidating the mechanistic details of its antioxidant activity is described in this review. 相似文献
72.
与传统H2预处理方法相比,新型H2+CO2预处理方法(HCD)能显著提升Ni-Co双金属催化剂的沼气重整活性及抗积碳性能. 考察了HCD预处理操作条件对催化剂性能与结构的影响. 较好的HCD预处理操作条件是在催化剂经H2处理之后,再用175-200 mL·min-1的原料气CH4/CO2(比例为0:10)在780-800 ℃下还原0.5-1h. 在优化预处理操作条件下对催化剂进行了511 h的耐久性考察,并运用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重-差示扫描量热(TG-DSC)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对耐久性测试后的催化剂进行了表征. 在511 h 的稳定性实验内,CH4、CO2转化率,H2、CO选择性及H2/CO体积比分别高达96%、97%,98%、99%及0.98. 催化剂在测试期间的平均积碳速率仅为0.2 mg·g-1·h-1. 在该预处理操作参数下,催化剂拥有最好的综合性能和良好的耐久性. 相似文献
73.
74.
Xiqiang Zhao Jian ZhangZhanlong Song Hongzhen LiuLongzhi Li Chunyuan Ma 《Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis》2011,92(1):43-49
The compressed wheat and corn straw bale were pyrolyzed on a microwave heating device self-designed and built with respect to the time-resolved temperature distribution, mass loss and product properties. Considering scale up and technology promotion of microwave pyrolysis (MWP), the investigations on electricity consumption and energy balance of MWP were carried out emphatically. The results indicated that MWP had obvious advantages over conventional pyrolysis, such as heating rapid and more valuable products obtained. The distribution of pyrolysis products such as gas, liquid and char was close to 1:1:1 due to the medium pyrolysis temperature and the slow heating rate, which was not favorable for the formation of gas and/or liquid products. The content of H2 attained the highest value of 35 vol.% and syngas (H2 and CO) was greater than 50 vol.%. The electricity consumption of MWP was between 0.58 and 0.65 kW h (kg straw)−1 and with the increase of microwave power, the electricity consumption required for pyrolysis of unit mass of straw increased. The minimum microwave power for MWP was about 0.371 kW (kg straw)−1 and the proportion of heat loss and conversion loss of electricity to microwave energy occupied in the total input energy was 42%. Data and information obtained are useful for the design and operation of pyrolysis of large-sized biomass via microwave heating technology. 相似文献
75.
P. LucenaA. Doña L.M. TobariaJ.J. Laserna 《Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy》2011,66(1):12-20
With the objective of detection and identification of explosives, different organic compounds, including aromatic nitrocompounds, RDX, anthracene, 2,4-diaminotoluene (DAT), 4-methyl-3-nitroaniline (MNA) and pentaerythritol (PENT) have been analyzed by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). To avoid the secondary ionization and to discriminate between the spectral contribution due to air from that of the compound in the plasma generated in air, the emission signatures from atomic lines (C at 247.9 nm, H at 656.3 nm, N at 746.8 nm and O at 777.2 nm) and molecular bands (CN at 388.3 nm and C2 at 516.5 nm) have been investigated in plasmas generated in air and in helium. The different possible pathways leading to the observation of molecular emissions have been studied, together with a discussion of the most useful tools for the explosives discrimination. Moreover, the effect of the laser fluence on the atomic and molecular emissions and their relationship with the oxygen balance of an organic explosive is presented. 相似文献
76.
Two quartz crystal microbalances have been mounted in a planar rf discharge system in such a way that the potential of the microbalances with respect to the glow discharge can be varied. This apparatus allows a rapid simulation of the etching directionality that can be expected in real pattern transfer situations in that operating one microbalance at ground and one at a negative potential gives a measure of the sidewall and vertical etch rates, respectively. The voltage threshold for ion-assisted etching has been determined to be 20 V which is the approximate value of the plasma potential in this asymmetric system. 相似文献
77.
We introduce a mass‐flux‐based inlet boundary condition for the lattice‐Boltzmann method. The proposed boundary condition requires minimal amount of boundary data, it produces a steady‐state velocity field which is accurate close to the inlet even for arbitrary inlet geometries, and yet it is simple to implement. We demonstrate its capability for both simple and complex inlet geometries by numerical experiments. For simple inlet geometries, we show that the boundary condition provides very accurate inlet velocities when Re?1. Even with moderate Reynolds number, the inlet velocities are accurate for practical purposes. Furthermore, the potential of our boundary condition to produce inlet velocities which convincingly adapt to complex inlet geometries is highlighted with two specific examples. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
78.
Tobias Fieback Frieder DreisbachMarcus Petermann Roland SpanEckard Weidner 《Fluid Phase Equilibria》2011,301(2):217-224
A novel measuring method is presented here that allows sorption and solvation measurements near to different process conditions. Especially for the sorption kinetics it is important that the measuring conditions are similar to later applications. Particularly for high pressure sorption measurements this claim could not be fulfilled for most technical applications.The advantage of the measuring methods presented here is that solid bed samples in high pressure gravimetry can be measured under flow-through conditions in both directions and, for the first time in high pressure gravimetry, liquid samples can be measured under flow-through conditions. Especially for ionic liquids, of which a large variety of new substances with unknown sorption potentials have been synthesised in the last few years, this results in much shorter measuring times.The first measurements presented here show that the new system allows for measuring times around 26 times shorter for an ionic liquid. 相似文献
79.
Synthesis,characterization and catalytic performance of nanosized iron-cobalt catalysts for light olefins production 下载免费PDF全文
Nanosized Fe-Co catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and studied for the conversion of synthesis gas to light olefins.In particular,the effects of a range of preparation variables such as Co/Fe molar ratios of the precipitation solution,pH value of precipitate,temperature of precipitation,promoters and loading of optimum promoter on the structure and catalytic performance are investigated.The optimal nano catalyst for light olefins (C2-C4) production was obtained over the catalyst with Co/Fe molar ratio of 3/1 which promoted with 2 wt% K.The results show that the best operational conditions were GHSV=2200 h-1 (H2/CO=2/1) at 260℃ under atmospheric pressure.Characterization of catalysts were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD),thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 physisorption measurements such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) methods. 相似文献
80.
YipingZhang DongjieWang JinhuaFei XiaomingZheng 《天然气化学杂志》2003,12(2):145-149
Mo/HZSM-5 is a good catalyst for methane aromatization, and the reaction performance of Mo/HZSM-5 and Cu modified Mo/HZSM-5 catalysts under various pretreatment conditions has been studied. The results indicate that the catalyst presented a distinguished catalytic activity, benzene selectivity and a high stability when the bed temperature was raised in N2 atmosphere. 相似文献