全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4589篇 |
免费 | 1151篇 |
国内免费 | 583篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3381篇 |
晶体学 | 217篇 |
力学 | 84篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
数学 | 150篇 |
物理学 | 2473篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 14篇 |
2023年 | 49篇 |
2022年 | 212篇 |
2021年 | 181篇 |
2020年 | 253篇 |
2019年 | 200篇 |
2018年 | 154篇 |
2017年 | 150篇 |
2016年 | 331篇 |
2015年 | 257篇 |
2014年 | 329篇 |
2013年 | 546篇 |
2012年 | 335篇 |
2011年 | 333篇 |
2010年 | 279篇 |
2009年 | 325篇 |
2008年 | 326篇 |
2007年 | 271篇 |
2006年 | 261篇 |
2005年 | 233篇 |
2004年 | 228篇 |
2003年 | 172篇 |
2002年 | 179篇 |
2001年 | 101篇 |
2000年 | 83篇 |
1999年 | 72篇 |
1998年 | 82篇 |
1997年 | 65篇 |
1996年 | 54篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 57篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6323条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
951.
Chaoqing Yang Dimitrije Mara Joydeb Goura Flavia Artizzu Rik Van Deun 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(19)
Lanthanide hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (LnHOFs) are recently emerging as a novel versatile class of multicomponent luminescent materials with promising potential applications in optics and photonics. Trivalent europium (Eu3+) incorporated polymeric hydrogen-bonded triazine frameworks (PHTF:Eu) have been successfully obtained via a facile and low-cost thermal pyrolysis route. The PHTF:Eu material shows a porous frame structure principally composed of isocyanuric acid and ammelide as a minor constituent. Intense red luminescence with high colour-purity from Eu3+ is obtained by exciting over a broad absorption band peaked at 300 nm either at room or low temperature. The triazine-based host works as excellent optical antenna towards Eu3+, yielding ~42% sensitization efficiency (ηsens) and an intrinsic quantum yield of Eu3+ emission (ΦEu) as high as ~46%. Temperature-dependent emission studies show that PHTF:Eu displays relatively high optical stability at elevated temperatures in comparison to traditional inorganic phosphors. The retrieved activation energy of 89 meV indicates that thermal quenching mechanisms are attributed to the intrinsic energy level structure of the metal-triazine assembly, possibly via a thermally activated back transfer to ligand triplet or CT states. Finally, by using an innovative approach based on excitation spectra, we demonstrate that PHTF:Eu can work as a universal primary self-referencing thermometer based on a single-emitting center with excellent relative sensitivity in the cryogenic temperature range. 相似文献
952.
Taisiya S. Sukhikh Evgeny Yu. Filatov Alexey A. Ryadun Konstantin A. Kovalenko Andrei S. Potapov 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(19)
A three-component reaction between the 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic (terephthalic) acid (H2bdc), bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methane (btrm) and zinc nitrate was studied, and three new coordination polymers were isolated by a careful selection of the reaction conditions. Coordination polymers {[Zn3(DMF)(btrm)(bdc)3]·nDMF}∞ and {[Zn3(btrm)(bdc)3]·nDMF}∞ containing trinuclear {Zn3(bdc)3} secondary building units are joined by btrm auxiliary linkers into three-dimensional metal–organic frameworks. The coordination polymer {[Zn(bdc)(btrm)]∙nDMF}∞ consists of Zn2+ cations joined by bdc2− and btrm linkers into a two-fold interpenetrated network. Upon activation, MOF [Zn3(btrm)(bdc)3]∞ demonstrated CO2/N2 adsorption selectivity with an ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) factor of 21. All three MOF demonstrated photoluminescence with a maximum near 435–440 nm upon excitation at 330 nm. 相似文献
953.
Bo Cui Changyuan Gao Jiating Fan Jinni Liu Bin Feng Xianghui Ruan Yajie Yang Ye Yuan Kuo Chu Zhuojun Yan Lixin Xia 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(19)
Porous aromatic framework materials with high stability, sensitivity, and selectivity have great potential to provide new sensors for optoelectronic/fluorescent probe devices. In this work, a luminescent porous aromatic framework material (LNU-23) was synthesized via the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of tetrabromopyrene and 1,2-bisphenyldiborate pinacol ester. The resulting PAF solid exhibited strong fluorescence emission with a quantum yield of 18.31%, showing excellent light and heat stability. Because the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of LNU-23 was higher than that of the nitro compounds, there was an energy transfer from the excited LNU-23 to the analyte, leading to the selective fluorescence quenching with a limit of detection (LOD) ≈ 1.47 × 10−5 M. After integrating the luminescent PAF powder on the paper by a simple dipping method, the indicator papers revealed a fast fluorescence response to gaseous nitrobenzene within 10 s, which shows great potential in outdoor fluorescence detection of nitro compounds. 相似文献
954.
回顾国内外小腿前外侧岛状皮瓣的研究成果,总结了小腿前外侧岛状皮瓣的应用解剖学基础和临床应用,讨论了目前报道的小腿前外侧岛状皮瓣修复小腿下段皮肤缺损的优缺点,并对优化该皮瓣在临床上的应用提出了展望. 相似文献
955.
Charles Delorme Leif K. Jørgensen Mirka Miller Guillermo Pineda‐Villavicencio 《Journal of Graph Theory》2009,61(4):271-288
We consider bipartite graphs of degree Δ≥2, diameter D=3, and defect 2 (having 2 vertices less than the bipartite Moore bound). Such graphs are called bipartite (Δ, 3, ?2) ‐graphs. We prove the uniqueness of the known bipartite (3, 3, ?2) ‐graph and bipartite (4, 3, ?2)‐graph. We also prove several necessary conditions for the existence of bipartite (Δ, 3, ?2) ‐graphs. The most general of these conditions is that either Δ or Δ?2 must be a perfect square. Furthermore, in some cases for which the condition holds, in particular, when Δ=6 and Δ=9, we prove the non‐existence of the corresponding bipartite (Δ, 3, ?2)‐graphs, thus establishing that there are no bipartite (Δ, 3, ?2)‐graphs, for 5≤Δ≤10. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 61: 271–288, 2009 相似文献
956.
利用XRD、VUV及UV光谱等方法对Ce3+、Tb3+离子掺杂以及Ce3+、Tb3+离子共掺的3种BaCa2(BO3)2荧光粉的相纯度、发光性质、浓度猝灭现象进行研究。结果表明:3种荧光粉在VUV波段有较好的吸收,基质吸收带位于140~190 nm范围。Ce3+在BaCa2(BO3)2的最低4f5d跃迁带位置在360 nm附近,其5d→2FJ(J=5/2, 7/2)发射峰分别位于393,424 nm。Tb3+掺杂的样品在172 nm激发下的发射光谱由4个窄带组成,分别对应5D4→7FJ(J=3,4,5,6)的跃迁,其中占主导位置的是5D4→7F5的跃迁,大约位于543 nm处,主要为绿光发射。在Ce3+,Tb3+离子共掺杂的BaCa2(BO3)2光谱中,观察到Ce3+-Tb3+离子间有能量传递。 相似文献
957.
Changes in thin zinc-sulfide films under the action of the γ-radiation of Co60 are studied by investigating electroluminescence spectra of terbium embedded in these films as a luminescent probe. It is
shown that changes in the relation of the intensities of bands, a decrease in their halfwidth and the background component,
and simplification of the spectrum are observed in a short-wave region of the Tb radiation spectrum that corresponds to5D3→7Fj transitions. The same modification of the radiation spectrum is characteristic of ZnS films whose crystalline structure is
ordered in the course of thermal annealing at a temperature of 350°C. Based on the analysis of the data obtained it is inferred
that irradiating the ZnS films with small radiation doses of 104–105 rad leads to the ordering of their crystalline structure due to the elimination of one of the types of structural defects.
Institute of Physics of Semiconductors, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 45, Nauka Ave., Kiev-28, 252650. Translated
from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 3, pp. 338–341, May–June, 1997. 相似文献
958.
硫化亚锡(SnS)是一种Ⅳ-Ⅵ族层状化合物半导体材料,其禁带宽度与太阳能电池最佳带隙1.5 eV非常接近,并且在可见光范围内光的吸收系数很大(α>104 cm-1),因此SnS是一种很有应用前景的材料。本文利用太阳能电池模拟软件wxAMPS模拟了MoS2/SnS异质结太阳能电池,主要研究SnS吸收层的厚度、掺杂浓度和缺陷态等因素对太阳能电池性能的影响。研究发现:SnS吸收层最佳厚度为2 μm,最佳掺杂浓度为1.0×1015 cm-3;同时高斯缺陷态浓度超过1.0×1015 cm-3时,电池各项性能参数随着浓度的增加而减小,而带尾缺陷态超过1.0×1019 cm-3·eV-1时,电池性能才开始下降;其中界面缺陷态对太阳能电池影响比较严重,界面缺陷态浓度超过1.0×1012 cm-2时,开路电压、短路电流、填充因子和转换效率迅速下降。另外,通过模拟获得的转换效率高达24.87%,开路电压为0.88 V,短路电流为33.4 mA/cm2。由此可知,MoS2/SnS异质结太阳能电池是一种很有发展潜力的光伏器件结构。 相似文献
959.
LIU Yan-Ping CHEN Zhao-Yang BA Wei-Zhen FAN Yan-Wei DU Yan-Zhao PAN Shi-Lie GUO Qi 《中国物理C(英文版)》2008,32(5)
The optically stimulated luminescent (OSL) radiation dosimeter technically surveys a wide dynamic measurement range and a high sensitivity.Optical fiber dosimeters provide capability for remote monitoring of the radiation in the locations which are difficult-to-acoess and hazardous.In addition.optical fiber dosimeters are immune to electrical and radio-frequency interference.In this paper,a novel remote optical fiber radiation dosimeter is described.The optical fiber dosimeter takes advantage of the charge trapping materials CaS:Ce, Sm that exhibit OSL.The measuring range of the dosimeter is from 0.1 to 100 Gy.The equipment is relatively simple and small in size,and has low power consumption.This device is suitable for measuring the space radiation dose and also can be used in high radiation dose condition and other dangerous radiation occasions. 相似文献
960.
A. A. Zazhogin A. P. Zazhogin A. I. Komyak A. I. Serafimovich 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》2003,70(6):827-831
Based on the analysis of electronic absorption and luminescence spectra, the processes of complexing in an aqueous solution of uranyl nitrate hexahydrate (UO2(NO3)2·6H2O) on gradual addition of small amounts of acetone have been investigated. In a pure aqueous solution, uranyl exists as the UO2·5H2O complex. It is shown that addition of acetone to the solution leads to displacement of some water molecules from the first coordination sphere of uranyl and formation of uranyl nitrate dihydrate complexes, UO2(NO3)2·2H2O. It has been established that the stability of these complexes is determined by the decrease in both the water activity and the degree of hydration of uranyl and nitrate. This is the result of the local increase in the concentration of the molecules of acetone (due to its hydrophobicity) in those regions of the solution in which there are uranyl and nitrate ions. The experimental facts supporting the proposed mechanism are given. 相似文献