FRICTIONAL DISSIPATION AND NONLINEAR BAROTROPIC INSTABILITY

Based on the nonlinear quasi-geostrophic barotropic vorticity equation with Ekman friction, the criteria for nonlinear barotropic stability of the zonal basic flows are derived using Serrin-Joseph energy approach and through total energy, total enstrophy and their linear combination, separately, in terms of variational principle. Since the new transformation for Euler equation is utilized, the estimation of eigenvalue is more accurate, and the previous results of the author are improved very well.     

Application of Two Novel Acoustic Emission Parameters on Identifying the Instability of Granite

The issue of monitoring and early warning of rock instability has received increasing critical attention in the study of rock engineering. To investigate the damage evolution process of granite under triaxial compression tests, acoustic emission (AE) tests were performed simultaneously. This study firstly introduced two novel parameters, i.e., the coefficient of variation (CoV) of the information entropy and correlation dimension of the amplitude data from the AE tests, to identify the precursor of the failure of granite. Then the relationship between the changes in these parameters and the stress-time curve was compared and analyzed. The results of this study show that: (1) There is a strong correlation between the CoV of the information entropy and the failure process of granite. The granite failed when the CoV curve raised to a plateau, which could be used as an indicator of rock instability. (2) The fluctuation of the correlation dimension indicates the different stages during the loading process, i.e., the initial compaction stage, the linear elastic stage, the yield stage, and the failure stage. Each stage contains a descending and a rising process in the correlation dimension curve, and the exhibited starting point or the bottom point at the correlation dimension curve could be selected as the indicator point for the rock instability. (3) The combined analysis of the Information entropy and Correlation dimension can improve the accuracy of rock instability prediction. This study provides new insights into the prediction of rock instability, which has theoretical implications for the stability of subsurface engineering rock masses.     

柱几何Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性的数值模拟

给出了柱几何中流体力学方程组及其在数值模拟中采用的计算方法。对二维柱几何Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性进行数值模拟,在线性阶段与线性理论符合得很好;不稳定性增长进入非线性区域的阈值依赖于界面的位置,并且明显不同于平面情况。     

HL-1装置等离子体特性的初步研究

HL-1装置在环向磁场2.3T下运行,获得135kA平衡稳定等离子体,平顶时间160ms。实验表明,环向磁场杂散分量约为纵场的万分之一,导体壳和平衡场基本上能保证等离子体的平衡。观察到的电子温度约500eV,平均电子密度2.8×10~(13)cm~(-3),能量约束时间10ms,有效电荷数小于3,最低稳定运行安全因子2.5,最长放电持续时间1040ms。在对MHD稳定性进行观察的基础上,确定了稳定运行区域;极限密度服从Murakami定标律。     

内孤立波沿缓坡地形传播特性的实验研究

以南中国海东北部海域底部缓坡地形为背景, 在大型重力式分层流水槽中模拟了下凹型内孤立波沿缓坡地形传播过程中的浅化、破碎、分裂等现象, 利用分层染色标识方法和多点组合探头阵列技术对内孤立波沿缓坡地形演化特征进行了定性分析和定量测量. 实验表明: 浅化效应使内孤立波传播速度减小, 对大振幅内孤立波具有抑制作用, 对小振幅波具有放大效应; 浅化效应可导致内孤立波的剪切失稳及破碎, 还可导致大振幅内孤立波的分裂. 利用Miles稳定性理论可定性描述内孤立波沿缓坡地形传播时发生不稳定状态的位置, 实验结果与理论分析相符合. 关键词： 分层流 缓坡地形 内孤立波 不稳定性     

哈肯激光方程自脉冲解的稳定性分析

本文详细地研究了哈肯激光方程的自脉冲不稳定性,得出了自脉冲解的解析表达式,并对其进行了稳定性分析。结果表明,无论是对于第三类激光系统还是对于第四类激光系统,哈肯激光方程的自脉冲解都是不稳定的。     

A new approach to treating pressure oscillations in combustion instability phenomena

Developing exact models of combustion instabilities is not an easy task to carry out and requires a great deal of time prior to obtaining success. The present study proposes a low-order model for pressure oscillations that does not require any knowledge of the systems, any new physical findings nor intricate details regarding its operating condition. This new approach is obtained using a Modified Van der Pol’s equation (MVDP) which is tuned by use of a Dual Extended Kalman Filter (DKEF) as a recursive estimator with perspectives in control by computer. This phenomenological model is used to predict the pressure signal from a variety of different combustors. Input data were taken from experimental cases such as a Rijke tube, a gas turbine and a liquid-fuel aero-engine combustor. Furthermore, a simulation considering high frequency oscillations to show the capability of the new approach is presented. In all cases, the results demonstrated the feasibility of applying the tractable model MVDP and DKEF running together to investigate pressure oscillations in practical cases.     

Filamentation instability in two counter-streaming laser plasmas

The filamentation instability was observed in the interaction of two counter-streaming laser ablated plasma flows,which were supersonic, collisionless, and also closely relevant to astrophysical conditions. The plasma flows were created by irradiating a pair of oppositely standing plastic(CH) foils with 1ns-pulsed laser beams of total energy of 1.7 k J in two laser spots. With characteristics diagnosed in experiments, the calculated features of Weibel-type filaments are in good agreement with measurements.     

掺杂对CH样品Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性增长的影响

在神光II激光装置上进行了辐射驱动不同掺杂样品的单模Rayleigh-Taylor(RT)不稳定性实验.结果显示:与纯碳氢(CH)样品相比,掺Br的CH样品的扰动更早、更快地进入非线性区,产生二次谐波,并且掺Br比例越高,CH样品扰动进入非线性区的时间越早,相同时刻扰动的二次谐波的幅度越高.这是因为密度梯度效应抑制了二次谐波的产生,掺Br比例越高,密度梯度标长越小;同时密度梯度效应还抑制三次谐波对基模增长的负反馈,造成基模具有更大的线性增长,导致线性饱和幅值大于经典值0.1λ.     

热带低层弱涡旋中扰动的快速发展及其向中心传播的特征

台风发生的必要条件是热带低层具有气旋式扰动, 从卫星云图和诊断分析看,许多低层涡旋中存在分立的云团或中尺度系统. 这些涡旋能否发展成为台风,取决于其中的中尺度波动是否发展集合组成密闭云带. 本文利用柱坐标下的两层动力模式,研究了低层弱涡旋中第二类条件不稳定 机 制驱动下的波动的发展和移动问题. 结果表明:热带弱涡旋中的低层基本流垂直切变 可以很大地加强波动的不稳定性; 波动的相速度和群速度都指向涡旋中心, 波动向中心传播,能量向中心频散. 实例和数值研究也都表明,低层涡旋中的中尺度扰动会迅速发展并且向 中心靠近,促使台风形成.