全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13208篇 |
免费 | 2309篇 |
国内免费 | 1013篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3524篇 |
晶体学 | 94篇 |
力学 | 1205篇 |
综合类 | 196篇 |
数学 | 4912篇 |
物理学 | 6599篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 19篇 |
2023年 | 118篇 |
2022年 | 307篇 |
2021年 | 355篇 |
2020年 | 378篇 |
2019年 | 428篇 |
2018年 | 397篇 |
2017年 | 543篇 |
2016年 | 577篇 |
2015年 | 506篇 |
2014年 | 699篇 |
2013年 | 1136篇 |
2012年 | 774篇 |
2011年 | 836篇 |
2010年 | 695篇 |
2009年 | 781篇 |
2008年 | 858篇 |
2007年 | 811篇 |
2006年 | 682篇 |
2005年 | 637篇 |
2004年 | 578篇 |
2003年 | 572篇 |
2002年 | 505篇 |
2001年 | 411篇 |
2000年 | 381篇 |
1999年 | 349篇 |
1998年 | 290篇 |
1997年 | 291篇 |
1996年 | 220篇 |
1995年 | 181篇 |
1994年 | 148篇 |
1993年 | 110篇 |
1992年 | 102篇 |
1991年 | 97篇 |
1990年 | 79篇 |
1989年 | 75篇 |
1988年 | 59篇 |
1987年 | 64篇 |
1986年 | 55篇 |
1985年 | 80篇 |
1984年 | 50篇 |
1983年 | 25篇 |
1982年 | 50篇 |
1981年 | 50篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 29篇 |
1978年 | 26篇 |
1977年 | 25篇 |
1976年 | 24篇 |
1973年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
51.
This work is devoted to near-optimal controls of large-scale discrete-time nonlinear dynamic systems driven by Markov chains; the underlying problem is to minimize an expected cost function. Our main goal is to reduce the complexity of the underlying systems. To achieve this goal, discrete-time control models under singularly-perturbed Markov chains are introduced. Using a relaxed control representation, our effort is devoted to finding near-optimal controls. Lumping the states in each irreducible class into a single state gives rise to a limit system. Applying near-optimal controls of the limit system to the original system, near-optimal controls of the original system are derived. 相似文献
52.
53.
吴臻 《数学物理学报(B辑英文版)》2004,24(1):91-99
The existence and uniqueness results of fully coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations with stopping time (unbounded) is obtained. One kind of comparison theorem for this kind of equations is also proved. 相似文献
54.
Piotr Biler 《Reports on Mathematical Physics》2003,52(2):205-225
We study asymptotic properties of solutions to an extension to arbitrary dimensions of the astrophysical model proposed by Chavanis et al. to explain phenomena of gravitational collapse in clouds of self-gravitating particles. In particular, we show that in the two-dimensional case the solutions can be continued to global ones, while in three space dimensions large data of negative energy blow up in a finite time. Relations between isothermal, Streater's energy-transport and the present models are also studied. 相似文献
55.
Jilly James Chidambaram Ramalechume Asit Baran Mandal 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2007,45(17):2410-2420
The shape, size, aggregation, hydration, and correlation times of water insoluble PEO‐PPO‐PEO triblock copolymer micelles with sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) micelles were investigated using transport studies and dynamic light scattering technique. From the conductance of micellar solutions of the polymer in 25 mM SDS and 5 mM NaCl, the hydration of polymer micelles were determined using the principle of obstruction of electrolyte migration by the polymer. The asymmetry of the micellar particles of polymer and polymer‐SDS mixed micellar systems in 5 mM NaCl and their average axial ratios were calculated using intrinsic viscosity and hydration data obeying Simha–Einstein equation. Hydration number and micellar sizes were variable with temperature. The shape of the polymer micelles has been ellipsoidal rather than spherical. The micellar volume, hydrodynamic radius, radius of gyration, diffusional coefficients as well as translational, rotational and effective correlation times have been calculated from the absolute values of the axes. The partial molal volume of polymer micelles has also been determined and its comparison with the molar volume of pure polymer suggested a volume contraction due to immobilization of the water phase by the hydrophilic head groups of the polymer. The thermodynamic activation parameters for viscous flow favor a more ordered water structure around polymer micelles at higher temperatures. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2410–2420, 2007 相似文献
56.
57.
58.
Tsuyoshi Katayama 《Queueing Systems》1992,11(3):299-306
This paper derives a conservation law for mean waiting times in a single-server multi-class service queueing system (M
X/G/1 type queue) with setup times which may be dependent on multiple customer classes and its arrival batch size by using the work decomposition property in the queueing system with vacations. 相似文献
59.
基于Lee等人的离子温度梯度模导致的反常热能输运系数,本文研究了辅助加热托卡马克等离子体的能量约束行为,并对自举电流的效应作了初步考虑。结果表明,计算得到的能量约束时间随等离子体电流I_p和托卡马克大半径R增大而增长,随注入功率P_t、环向场B_t以及等离子体小半径α的增大而缩短。这些结果与Kaye-Goldston的经验约束定标具有相同的趋势。自举电流的存在总是导致能量约束时间的增加,当自举电流与总电流的比值γ较小时,能量约束时间的增加率约为γ/2。此外,自举电流将造成锯齿反转半径的减小。 相似文献
60.
Using the appropriate harmonic oscillator states and reasonable approximations, we construct coherent wavepackets corresponding
to the solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation for the attractive potentialV(r)=−k/r, k>0, in two and three space dimensions. We deduce the corresponding classical limit in two dimension by requiring that the
expectation value 〈r〉 of the radial variable is large. In the case of three dimensions, besides the condition of large 〈r〉, we make the uncertainty Δr=[〈r
2〉 − 〈r〉2]1/2 a minimum with respect to certain parameter of the wavepacket. We then investigate the trajectory traversed by the wavepacket
in the classical limit. We find that the classical limit of this relativistic quantal problem gives, in the leading order,
the same expression for the rate of motion of the perihelion as that given by the solution of the corresponding special relativistic
classical dynamical problem. We also briefly discuss some of the subtle aspects of the classical limit of the relativistic
quantal system, in general. 相似文献