Longitudinal RF excitation of carbon dioxide lasers

Longitudinal RF excitation of CO₂ — Lasers at relatively low radio frequencies in the 100 to 200 kHz range permits an efficient AC to RF conversion in the power supply while maintaining all the advantages of RF excited lasers. Existing tube designs for DC excitations can be easily modified, and peripheral circuitry like laser stabilizers remain useable too. Experimental results for a prototype laser are given.     

等离子枪体中冷却水流动与换热的数值模拟

基于计算流体力学和传热学,建立等离子喷涂枪喷嘴冷却水流动和换热分析模型,以SIMPLE方法对其进行了耦合计算.结果表明,喷嘴冷却存在薄弱部位,即热源附近的喷嘴壁面和喷嘴后端的密封垫圈.在此基础之上,对不同冷却水流速和流向进行了对比分析,得出较为理想的冷却水流速,合理的进水方式.     

一种简易的激光冷却和俘获87Rb原子的实验系统

介绍了一套用于Rb原子的冷却和俘获的实验装置.采用注入锁定技术,获得了波长为780 nm (单频,频率波动<2 MHz, 频率调谐范围4.5 GHz)、输出功率为60 mW的冷却光. 通过在饱和吸收上加磁场的方法,实现了冷却光的偏频(10 MHz)负失谐锁定;采用磁光阱系统,实现了原子的冷却和俘获.     

Infrared thermography based diagnosis of inter-turn fault and cooling system failure in three phase induction motor

Thermography has been widely used as a technique for anomaly detection in induction motors. International Electrical Testing Association (NETA) proposed guidelines for thermographic inspection of electrical systems and rotating equipment. These guidelines help in anomaly detection and estimating its severity. However, it focus only on location of hotspot rather than diagnosing the fault. This paper addresses two such faults i.e. inter-turn fault and failure of cooling system, where both results in increase of stator temperature. Present paper proposes two thermal profile indicators using thermal analysis of IRT images. These indicators are in compliance with NETA standard. These indicators help in correctly diagnosing inter-turn fault and failure of cooling system. The work has been experimentally validated for healthy and with seeded faults scenarios of induction motors.     

Precise control of agarose media pore structure by regulating cooling rate

A porous structure is the key factor to successful chromatography separation. Agarose gel as one of the most popular porous media has been extensively used in chromatography separation. As the cooling process in the agarose gelation procedure can directly influence the pore structure, ten kinds of 4% agarose media with different cooling rates from 0.132 to 16.7°C/min were synthesized, and the pore structure was determined accurately by using low‐field NMR spectroscopy. The curves of pore structure and cooling rate can be divided into two stages with the boundary of 6°C/min. In stage I, the pore structure met a power equation with the decrease of the cooling rate, and in stage II, the process reached a plateau. Confirmatory experiments proved that, by adjusting the cooling rate, a precise control of the pore structure of agarose media can be realized, furthermore, cooling rate optimization was an effective way to control the pore size of agarose media and can further tailor the pore structure for more effective separation of different proteins.     

Long-range perturbations produced by a localized packet of ion-acoustic waves in a collisionless plasma

We demonstrate the in situ detection of cold ⁸⁷Rb atoms near a dielectric surface using the absorption of a weak, resonant evanescent wave. We have used this technique in time of flight experiments determining the density of atoms falling on the surface. A quantitative understanding of the measured curve was obtained using a detailed calculation of the evanescent intensity distribution. We have also used it to detect atoms trapped near the surface in a standing-wave optical dipole potential. This trap was loaded by inelastic bouncing on a strong, repulsive evanescent potential. We estimate that we trap 1.5×10⁴ atoms at a density 100 times higher than the falling atoms. Received 14 May 2002 Published online 8 October 2002 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: spreeuw@science.uva.nl     

Preparing a laser cooled plasma for stopping highly charged ions

We present a new cooling scheme for the preparation of highly charged ions for future in-trap precision experiments. A plasma of laser cooled ²⁴Mg⁺ ions trapped in a 3D harmonic confinement potential is used as a stopping medium for the highly charged ions. We focus on the dynamic evolution of the plasma, determining suitable cooling conditions for fast recooling of the ²⁴Mg⁺ ions. The results of a realistic parallel simulation of the complete stopping process presented here indicate that a small, constant detuning of the laser frequency is sufficient for subsequent recooling of the plasma, thus maintaining the stability of the plasma.     

High resolution FTIR spectroscopy of pentafluoroethane: perturbations in the Coriolis doublet of ν4 and ν13

The FTIR spectrum of pentafluoroethane (R125) was measured in the mid infrared region from 900 to 4000 cm⁻¹. Vibrational assignments for R125 are revised by comparison of previous and current experimental data with ab initio calculations at both the MP2/6-311+(d,p) and B3LYP/TZV+(3df,3p) levels of theory. High resolution FTIR spectra were recorded at room temperature and in an enclosive flow cell at a rotational temperature of 140 K. The cold spectrum was sufficiently resolved to enable rovibrational analyses of the overlapping ν₄ (1200.7341 cm⁻¹) and ν₁₃ (1223.3 cm⁻¹) bands, which have a/c hybrid and b-type character, respectively. Ground state combination differences were used to confirm assignment of 2375 lines to ν₄ (J_max = 86, K_{a max} = 50) and 2921 lines to ν₁₃ (J_max = 60, K_{a max} = 54). Effective rotational and centrifugal distortion constants were determined for ν₄, and the polarization ratio was found to be . Severe Coriolis perturbations prevent any satisfactory fit to the ν₁₃ band.     

Thermodynamic simulations of pellet internal target in CSRm

The internal targets used in the storage ring are quite promising targets due to their good definitions of reaction vertices, low background and undisturbed reaction products. Light isotope targets, such as hydrogen and deuterium targets, are the most favorite candidates for the meson decay studies in the hadron physics. Many kinds of internal targets may satisfy this purpose, but for physical experiments, the figure of merit is usu-ally the luminosity, and it is found that the frozen microsph…     

Characterisation of a three-dimensional Brownian motor in optical lattices

We present here a detailed study of the behaviour of a three dimensional Brownian motor based on cold atoms in a double optical lattice [P. Sj?lund et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 190602 (2006)]. This includes both experiments and numerical simulations of a Brownian particle. The potentials used are spatially and temporally symmetric, but combined spatiotemporal symmetry is broken by phase shifts and asymmetric transfer rates between potentials. The diffusion of atoms in the optical lattices is rectified and controlled both in direction and speed along three dimensions. We explore a large range of experimental parameters, where irradiances and detunings of the optical lattice lights are varied within the dissipative regime. Induced drift velocities in the order of one atomic recoil velocity have been achieved.