高精细度法布里-珀罗光学微腔及其在强耦合腔量子电动力学中的应用

强耦合腔量子电动力学(cavity quantum electrodynamics,简称C-QED)系统主要用于研究受限于空间中的光与物质相互作用的物理现象。该系统为深入认识原子与光子间相互作用的动力学行为提供了有力工具。高精细度法布里-珀罗光学微腔(Fabry-Perot cavity, F-P腔)作为强耦合C-QED系统的核心部分,是实现光与物质间的强耦合、探索极端条件下光与物质间的相互作用、精确操控原子以及灵敏探测相关过程等的基础。简要介绍了高精细度F-P腔及其在强耦合C-QED中的应用,包括研究背景、现状及发展动态,并就未来的发展和应用进行了展望。     

A Platform for Preparation of Monodispersed Fluorescent Conjugated Polymer Microspheres with Core‐Shell Structures

A strategy to prepare stable monodispersed fluorescent microspheres is developed by modifying the Wessling method to synthesize poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) (PPV) on the surface of a highly crosslinked polymer core. The positively charged PPV polymer precursors (pre‐PPV) are adsorbed onto the core with negative charges on the surface and then the insoluble fluorescent PPVs form after thermal elimination. Each individual sphere is found to possess a very smooth surface with an even distribution of fluorescence by microscopic techniques. Very small coefficient of variance (CV) values of emission intensity (<4.0%) and size (<2.3%) are realized for microspheres prepared in the same batch. The spheres are demonstrated to have good thermal stability and photostability.     

Optical Observation of Lung Cancer With Attenuated Total Reflectance–Fourier Transform Infrared Microscope (ATR-FTIR) and Confocal Raman Microscope

ABSTRACT

Optical observation of lung cancer tissues using attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared microscope (ATR-FTIR) and confocal Raman microscope were performed. A total of six malignant tissues, seven tissues adjacent to cancer, and nine normal tissues from nine patients with known lung cancer were studied. High-quality spectra from human tissues were obtained only in a few seconds. The results revealed that some of the spectral characteristics varied significantly between normal and malignant tissues, that is, IR peak positions, Raman shift, and the spectral intensities. Differences in positions of 10 main peaks in IR shifts and 13 main peaks in Raman shifts were listed, and the intensity changes were also studied between the malignant and normal tissues. The ratios of 1453-cm^?1/1645-cm^?1 intensity in IR spectrum and 1245-cm^?1/1571-cm^?1 intensity in Raman spectrum were found with the most significant difference (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05 separately) in statistics and may be used in combination to differentiate the normal and malignant tissues. ATR-FTIR spectrum and Raman spectrum were mutually complementary in the observation of many materials and were both found with high sensitivities and spatial resolutions in the observation of human tissues. This study will be helpful to developing rapid and accurate cancer detection techniques in future clinical diagnosis.     

Coupling efficiency of single-mode fiber components using GRIN-rod lenses

This article analyzes the characteristics of single-mode fiber (SMF) components using graded-index-rod (GRIN-rod) lenses. The coupling efficiency of the SMF to GRIN-rod lens to SMF coupling system is derived in the general case. The problem is simplified by using the reciprocal field method. All solutions are in closed form. It is found that SMF position tolerance is about 3 μm; the angular tolerance is about 1°. The GRIN-rod lens position tolerance is much less critical while the angular tolerance is extremely small. These tolerances could be much less critical if the fiber is kept near the GRIN-rod lens axis.     

Determination of one‐dimensional spherically aberrated point spread function in depth profiling by confocal Raman microscopy

We present a simple experiment that allows the complete and direct characterization of the point spread function (PSF) in refraction‐aberrated depth profiling experiments with confocal Raman microscopy. We used a wedge‐shaped solid polymer film to induce refraction aberrations on the response of an infinitesimally thin Raman scatterer, represented by a polished silicon wafer. The system, with the film pasted on top of the Si wafer, was probed by a depth slicing technique under a dry‐optics configuration. Post‐acquisition processing of the Si and polymer intensity maps allowed the reconstruction of the axial PSF spatially resolved each 1 µm or less in the z‐axis and for virtually continuous values of focusing depth. In agreement with theory, we found that PSF broadens asymmetrically with focusing depth, with a marked shift in the focus point. From the shape of PSF, we obtained values of depth resolution within the film that confirm that axial discrimination is not drastically deteriorated, as suggested by previous works, and that confocal aperture effectively reduces the collection volume even under severe refraction interference. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Preproduction prediction of the optical normalized reflectance transient of MOVPE-grown AlGaAs films using transfer matrix method

This paper reported on the prediction and analysis of the optical normalized reflectance (NR) transient of AlGaAs multi layers and Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) using transfer matrix method (TMM). The simulation result correlated well with the measured NR transient of grown samples. Deviations of Al_xGa_1?xAs composition between the expected and real grown sample were predicted successfully. Smaller optical oscillation amplitude in the first DBR layer was predicted and could be used as an indication of Al composition. Special characteristics of NR transient within the first three pairs of DBR were also clarified using the calculated transmissivity changing with the growth thickness. TMM simulation of NR transient was thus shown to be a convenient and reliable pre-production technique, also not restricted to the AlGaAs material.     

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Convective Heat Transfer in a Multiple-ventilated Enclosure with Discrete Heat Sources

The experimental and numerical investigation of convective heat transfer in a rectangular cavity of aspect ratio (L/H) = 5 has been presented in this study. The comparison of experimental results is done with a two-dimensional numerical model considered with steady and turbulent flow conditions. Six different arrangements (bottom/bottom/bottom, top/top/top, right/top/left, bottom/top/right, bottom/top/left, and bottom/right/left) were considered. The lowest and highest hotspot temperatures were observed in bottom/bottom/bottom and bottom/right/left arrangements, respectively. For similar configurations, the bottom/bottom/bottom arrangement displays better heat transfer performance, while heat transfer performance is inferior for the bottom/right/left arrangement than all other configurations.     

端抽运Yb3+:YVO4激光准三能级理论模型研究

立足于Yb离子能级结构、谐振腔增益损耗和布居数分配情况, 利用爱因斯坦辐射理论和速率方程理论, 建立了适合Yb³⁺离子激光的准三能级理论模型. 该模型引入有效腔长增益贡献因子对腔内光强进行了从头计算, 获得了阈值方程. 利用此模型与Yb激光的实验结果相比较, 发现有效腔长对增益的贡献可以改变腔内损耗和粒子数反转的概率, 也继而影响激光阈值和输出功率效率. 应用于LD端抽运Yb³⁺:YVO₄激光实验中, 在971 nm LD抽运, 有效晶体长度 L=1 mm, 输出镜透过率对激光波长1016 nm为1%条件下, 获得阈值为1.1 W; 有效晶体长度L=2 mm, 输出镜透过率为10%条件下, 阈值获得为3.9 W. 关键词： 3+:YVO₄')" href="#">Yb³⁺:YVO₄ 准三能级模型 有效腔长增益贡献因子     

超宽带微波检测早期乳腺肿瘤三维仿真

超宽带微波成像技术可作为有效的方法用于乳房早期乳腺肿瘤的检测. 该方法基于乳房组织和肿瘤之间较大的电学特性差异的特点进行成像, 能提供足够的分辨率以及足够的穿透深度. 本文采用时域有限差分方法建立超宽带微波信号在三维乳房组织中传播的模型, 并采用单极德拜模型完成了生物组织色散特性的模拟. 利用8发9收的天线阵列实现微波肿瘤探测, 利用共焦成像算法对乳房组织进行图像重构并进行肿瘤定位. 仿真结果显示共焦成像算法能够实现最小直径3 mm的肿瘤的检测, 同时证实了超宽带微波成像技术应用于早期乳腺肿瘤检测的有效性. 关键词： 微波成像 肿瘤检测 时域有限差分 共焦成像算法