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141.
表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术是一种基于贵金属纳米结构基底对被检测物进行高灵敏度检测的一种方法.具有特殊纳米结构的贵金属表面受到激光的照射时,金属表面的自由电子会受到极大的振荡,当入射光频率与振荡频率相近时,则会发生表面等离子体共振现象(SPR),使金属表面的局域电场强度极大增强,入射光强度和散射光强度都得到成倍的放大,从而使吸附在贵金属纳米结构表面的分子的拉曼散射信号得到有效的增强.使用NaBH4还原-酸刻蚀模板法,制备了八面体Au/Ag复合纳米笼,其形貌规整,尺寸均匀约为600 nm,无Cu2O模板的残留,Au元素均匀负载在Ag纳米笼上,质量分数约为16.8%;Au/Ag复合纳米笼的紫外可见吸收峰相对于Ag纳米笼发生了红移,更重要的是,Au和Ag元素协同赋予了复合纳米笼超高的SERS灵敏度和重复性,Au/Ag复合纳米笼实现了对罗丹明6G的痕量检测(5×10-14 mol/L),通过时域有限差分法(FDTD)模拟证实:这主要归因于等离子共振作用产生的高电磁场强度;此外,Au元素的加入使Au/Ag复合纳米笼具有优异的抗氧化性和化学稳定性,即使在1%的H2O2溶液中浸泡3 h,仍然能够保持优异的SERS性能.八面体Au/Ag复合纳米笼有望成为一种具有应用前景的高灵敏度、高稳定性的SERS基底. 相似文献
142.
AbstractHerein the bioaccessibility of Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb, selected from essential and toxic elements, was determined in commercially sold vegetable purees intended for infant and toddler consumption. Chemical fractionation studies using water, acetone, diethyl ether, chloroform:methanol, and n-hexane were employed to predict the importance of the protein and lipid parts of a matrix to assess the bioaccessibility data. In addition, in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion was performed to determine the bioaccessibility of the elements using a five level, three factor central composite design (CCD) to maximize the elemental solubility. The total elemental concentrations in all of the fractions were determined by inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Based on the consumption of one jar of vegetable/rice-based baby food, Zn was 1.3% of the recommended dietary allowance and Mn was 4.2% of the adequate intake level, while Cu was almost 100% of the adequate intake level. Additionally, Pb was always below the detection limit and Cd was sometimes under the detection limit for the percent bioaccessibility. However, in some samples, Cd was as high as 80% of the tolerable weekly intake level depending on the body weight. 相似文献
143.
To obtain new materials with synergetic or complementary behaviors, polyaniline composite filled with ZnO rods in ramification-like
structure was prepared by a hydrothermal approach. Comparative experiments of ZnO preparation in the presence of some metal
ions were also carried out. The results indicated that the morphology of ZnO was strongly affected by the preparation condition.
The method to grow ZnO rods in the presence of polyaniline offers a simple approach to obtain polyaniline composite filled
with linear ZnO structure. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the strong interaction between ZnO and
polyaniline possibly exists to cause the charge transfer. 相似文献
144.
建立了测定尿液中3种羟基多环芳烃的氮化碳复合材料磁性固相萃取结合高效液相色谱-荧光检测法。所构筑的磁性氮化碳材料,经扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计和比表面积分析仪表征后,用于尿液中3种羟基多环芳烃的富集净化。考察了吸附剂用量、吸附时间、洗脱溶液和洗脱体积(单次洗脱体积×洗脱次数)对萃取效率的影响。结合高效液相色谱-荧光分析,在0.25~250 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(相关系数r=0.999),3种羟基多环芳烃的检出限和定量限分别为0.08和0.25 μg/L,回收率为90.1%~102%,日内和日间精密度分别为1.5%~7.7%和2.2%~8.7%。该本方法简单、快速、高效,可用于尿液中羟基多环芳烃的分析。 相似文献
145.
146.
热处理对聚乙烯/炭黑导电复合体系形态结构及PTC特性的影响 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:11
借助WAXD、SAXD和DSC等手段研究了炭黑与聚乙烯复合体系在不同热处理条件下的结晶行为及聚集态结构的大尺寸效应对PTC特性的影响。由此提出,不仅结晶度大小,而且聚集大尺寸效应性能对PTC行性有重要影响的新观点。 相似文献
147.
K. Rossmanith 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1995,126(5):543-547
Summary The Separation Factors for Pr/La, Nd/Pr, and Sm/Nd, characterizing the crystallization of ammonium and magnesium double nitrates under practical conditions, were determined analytically and are discussed. They confirm that La and Pr can be separated better by fractional crystallization of ammonium double nitrates, whereas in the presence of Sm the magnesium double nitrates are preferable. 相似文献
148.
149.
Magnetic NiFe particles were synthesized through hydrothermal method using hydrazine as reductant. Composite particles with core-shell structure were further achieved by depositing silicon dioxide generated via carbonation decomposition of sodium silicate solution on the surface of magnetic cores. Characterized by XRD, the Ni9Fe particles are of fcc-type structure, and the structure of magnetic cores in composite particles was maintained despite being covered by SiO2 shell. The existence of SiO2 shells in the composite particles were demonstrated by SEM, EDS and IR. The results from TG and VSM indicated that the shell structure affected the physiochemical properties. The composite particles exhibited remarkable resistance to oxidation in comparison with Ni9Fe particles due to being protected by SiO2 shell. Meanwhile, both of them are soft magnetic materials, but Ms, Mr and Hc in Ni9[email protected]2 particle decreased compared with magnetic NiFe particles. The formation mechanisms of Ni9Fe micro-particles and composite Ni9Fe particles were discussed. 相似文献
150.
Páez-Hernández ME Aguilar-Arteaga K Valiente M Ramírez-Silva MT Romero-Romo M Palomar-Pardavé M 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,380(4):690-697
The results presented in this work deal with the prime application of activated composite membranes (ACMs) for the transport of Hg(II) ions in a continuous extraction–re-extraction system using di-(2-ethylhexyl)dithiophosphoric acid (DTPA) as carrier. The effects of variables such as the pH, the nature of the acid and the concentration of the casting solutions on the transport of Hg(II) are also investigated. When the ACM was prepared with a 0.5 M DTPA solution and when the feed solution contained 2.5×10–4 M Hg(II) in 0.1 M HCl, the amount of mercury extracted was greater than 76%. The re-extracted mercury was subsequently recovered by means of a stripping phase comprising 0.3 M thiourea solution in 2 M H2SO4, yielding 54% of the initial amount of mercury after transport had taken place for 180 min. 相似文献