光子晶体结构色织物研究进展

针对结构色织物难以产业化的现状,从光学效应和能够产生结构色的周期性结构两个角度系统介绍了结构色织物生色机理。随后,按照结构色织物表面光子晶体结构特征、所用光子晶体基元种类及结构色制备方法,对结构色织物进行了系统分类归纳,并指出了各自的优缺点。此外,现有结构色织物研究均为基于已有纳米粒子尺寸来表征对应结构色颜色,缺乏根据实际颜色需求选取光子晶体尺寸的研究。我们根据现有文献报道的光子晶体基元尺寸与所得结构色织物颜色种类的对应关系,通过计算得到了根据所需织物颜色种类确定光子晶体基元尺寸的公式。最后总结了结构色织物制备存在的问题,并给出了合理建议。     

Exact Solutions for a Nonisospectral and Variable-Coefficient KdV Equation

The bilinear form for a nonisospectral and variable-coefficient KdV equation is obtained and some exact soliton solutions are derived through Hirota method and Wronskian technique. We also derive the bilinear transformation from its Lax pairs and find solutions with the help of the obtained bilinear transformation.     

Exact Solutions to Triple sine-Gordon Equation

In this paper, a new transformation is introduced to solve triple sine-Gordon equation. It is shown that this intermediate transformation method is powerful to solve complex special type nonlinear evolution equation.     

Transformation of copolymerization mechanism of N-phenyl maleimide and ethyl phenylacrylate in the mixture of dioxane and pyridine

The copolymerization of N-phenylmaleimide (NPMI) with ethyl phenylacrylate (EPA) in a mixture of dioxane (DIO) and pyridine (Py) was investigated. The apparent monomer reactivity ratio r₁ (NPMI) = 0.07 ± 0.01 and r₂ (EPA) = 0.09 ± 0.02 in DIO was turned to r₁ (NPMI) = 3.67 ± 0.07 and r₂ (EPA) = 0 ± 0.03 in Py. The copolymerization of NPMI and EPA with the fixed feed ratio (mol/mol 1 : 1) in different volume ratio of DIO/Py showed that the copolymer composition might be varied in a wide range from the 93.5% of NPMI contents in copolymer to 48.7%. When the volume fraction of Py in the mixture of DIO and Py was <10%, the copolymer with nice alternating structure was obtained and the copolymerization could be inhibited completely by hydroquinone; if the fraction of Py was >10%, the following two kinds of copolymers were formed: a copolymer in which the content of NPMI increased with the Py and the copolymerization also could be inhibited by hydroquinone and a copolymer with low molecular weight almost completely composed of homopolymer of NPMI and is not affected by radical inhibitor as hydroquinone. The transformation of the copolymerization mechanism from the radical to anionic, which was dependent on the volume ratio of DIO and Py, was suggested. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 2755–2761, 1999     

On a signless Laplacian spectral characterization of -shape trees

Let M be an associated matrix of a graph G (the adjacency, Laplacian and signless Laplacian matrix). Two graphs are said to be cospectral with respect to M if they have the same M spectrum. A graph is said to be determined by M spectrum if there is no other non-isomorphic graph with the same spectrum with respect to M. It is shown that T-shape trees are determined by their Laplacian spectra. Moreover among them those are determined by their adjacency spectra are characterized. In this paper, we identify graphs which are cospectral to a given T-shape tree with respect to the signless Laplacian matrix. Subsequently, T-shape trees which are determined by their signless Laplacian spectra are identified.     

不同手机屏幕对青少年生理节律和蓝光危害的影响

针对市场上三款常见的不同材质的手机屏幕（LED背光LCD、OLED、SUPER AMOLED）,在黑暗中、屏幕距离瞳孔15 cm处4种不同色温的条件下,研究不同手机对青少年生理节律和蓝光危害的影响。在充分考虑年龄、人眼受光面积、透射率的情况下,改进传统计算蓝光危害因子的公式,并计算节律因子和蓝光危害因子。结果表明,不管何种手机,节律因子和蓝光危害因子都随色温升高而增大,并且均呈现出良好的线性关系。在7 425~9 201 K色温下,节律因子由大到小依次为:OLED > SUPER AMOLED > LED背光LCD;而蓝光危害因子由大到小依次为:LED背光LCD > SUPER AMOLED > OLED,由此可以根据不同需求,选择相对更健康合适的手机。     

单参考态微扰理论发散问题的理论研究

本文对闭壳层和开壳层分子系统由于加入弥散函数导致的单参考态微扰理论的发散问题进行了深入的研究. 发现对开壳层系统,微扰能量的振幅随体系自旋多重度的增加而增加. 本文利用Feenberg变换来处理微扰理论的发散问题. 通过调节Feenberg 变换的参数λ来加速微扰序列的收敛性. 数值计算表明,存在一个λ值,微扰序列收敛最快. 还发现该λ值随着自旋多重度增加而增加.     

Use of Aggregation‐Induced Emission for Selective Detection of Phase Transformation during Evaporative Crystallization of Hexaphenylsilole

Crystallization of organic molecules is quite complicated because the crystallization process is governed by weak intermolecular interactions. By exploiting aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), we attempted to realize the selective detection of phase transformation during the evaporative crystallization of hexaphenylsilole (HPS), which shows different fluorescent colors in the amorphous and crystalline phases. No fluorescence emission was observed in the HPS solution immediately after dropping on the glass substrate due to the non‐radiative deactivation induced by intramolecular rotational or vibrational motion, suggesting that HPS exists as a monomer in solution. As time elapsed after dropping, green emission first appeared, which changed to blue after solvent evaporation, because of phase transformation from the amorphous state to the crystalline state. This phenomenon supports not only the two‐step nucleation model involving an intermediate such as a liquid‐like cluster prior to nucleation but also the real‐time detection of Ostwald's rule of stages during evaporative crystallization.     

Concomitant cocrystal and salt: no interconversion in the solid state

A cocrystal and a molecular salt of β‐alanine and dl ‐tartaric acid, C₃H₈NO₂⁺·C₄H₄O₆^?, of the same chemical composition, were studied over a wide temperature range by single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction. Neither the interconversion between the two phases nor any polymorphic transitions were observed in the temperature range from 100 K to the melting points. This contrasts with the solvent‐mediated phase transition from the salt to the cocrystal in a slurry that has been documented earlier.     

Microstructural evolution and phase transformation in the liquid-solid Al/Ni diffusion couple

The liquid-solid Al/Ni diffusion couple was successfully fabricated by annealing at 1373?K for 48?h followed by water-quenching. Cross-sectional scanning and transmission electron microscopic analyses show that the multilayered diffusion zones comprise the following sequence of layers: γ-Ni(Al) | γ′-Ni₃Al | β′-NiAl | Ni-rich β-NiAl | β-NiAl. The Ni-rich β-NiAl upon quenching undergoes a martensitic transformation from β (B2) to β′ (L1₀). The β′ martensite is found to be internally twinned on the {111}<112>system. The volume changes and strains due to martensitic phase transformation, the precipitation of γ′-Ni₃Al from γ-Ni(Al) and lattice mismatch between Ni-rich β-NiAl and β-NiAl in the Al/Ni diffusion couple are quantitatively determined. The cuboidal γ′ phase coherently precipitates cube-on-cube in γ-Ni(Al). Composition fluctuations existing in the supersaturated solid solution γ-Ni(Al), provide sufficient driving force for the precipitation and facilitate nucleation and growth of the γ′ phase under isothermal annealing.