Z箍缩聚变及高能量密度应用研究进展

基于脉冲功率技术的Z箍缩过程可以实现驱动器电储能到X光辐射的高效率转换,形成极端温度、密度、压力条件,近年来在惯性约束聚变及高能量密度应用中取得了一系列重要进展。综述了国际上辐射间接驱动和磁直接驱动两条Z箍缩聚变技术路线发展现状,简要介绍了我国Z箍缩聚变尤其是7~8 MA脉冲功率装置上的动态黑腔研究进展;分别从辐射与物质相互作用、辐射不透明度、材料动态特性、实验室天体物理等方面,概述了Z箍缩应用于高能量密度物理研究的技术路线和主要成果。希望通过对Z箍缩聚变及高能量密度应用研究的论述和发展趋势分析,推动我国Z箍缩研究领域的进一步发展。     

塞曼效应仿真实验平台

塞曼效应实验是学生了解原子具有磁矩和空间取向量子化现象的重要实验,至今塞曼效应仍是研究能级结构的重要方法之一.为了能够让学生更加清楚地了解塞曼效应实验的基本原理和操作规程,针对教学中的重点和难点,运用flash软件制作出塞曼效应仿真实验.该程序可全程高度仿真实验过程,具有界面友好、易于操作、无需安装等优点.为实验教学提供了一种新的辅助方式.     

以系列三维立体投影实验为例谈大学物理实验中的创新型人才培养

创新能力是本世纪的核心竞争力,其关键是创新型人才的培养,这为理工类高校的实验教学提出了新的挑战.目前高校中的以学生为主体,教师为主导的大学生创新实验项目的实施是解决此挑战的有效途径之一.以笔者承担的系列三维立体投影物理实验的大学生创新实验项目为例,探讨了大学物理实验中的创新型人才培养模式.通过循序渐进的实验过程,引导学生自主搭建实验装置和编写控制程序,有效培养了学生的创新和实践能力,为高校实验教学改革提供了参考.     

phyphox软件介绍及其在物理教学中的应用

全面介绍了基于手机传感器应用的phyphox软件的功能,并对于每种传感器均给出了相应实例来说明并启发其在物理教学中的应用.文章最后尝试总结了phyphox软件的优缺点,并对phyphox在物理教学中的应用前景作了展望和思考,期望对广大物理教师和物理教育研究者提供有益参考.     

医用物理学课程翻转课堂的教学改革与实践

在2018级临床医学专业医用物理学课程中进行翻转课堂试点教学,对学生考试成绩进行了统计与分析,在学时减半的情况下,进行翻转课堂教学班级的平均分略高于传统教学班级的平均分.翻转课堂为先进的教学方法,主要培养学生自主学习能力,调动学生学习的积极性,可以大范围推广使用.     

基于能力培养的应用型本科物理实验教学模式探索

通过对传统大学物理实验教学现状的分析和讨论,针对目前大学物理实验课程的教学模式进行研究,在遵循实验教学自身规律的前提下,构建"模块化"实验课程教学模式,从而改善课程结构,为培养学生解决具体问题的实践能力和创新思维提供针对性的训练;并采用"启发式""问题式"的教学方法和多样化的考核评价标准,对于不同专业、不同基础、不同背景的学生进行差异化教学,建立以人才培养为核心的科学教学体系,进一步提高大学物理实验课程的教学质量和效果.     

物理演示实验教学在高素质新型军事人才培养中的作用

培养高素质新型军事人才是国防科技大学的核心任务之一.物理演示实验以直观、形象地演示物理现象为课程特色,可有效提高学员对物理规律、物理本质的直观认识和深刻理解,并引起学员的深入思考,在教学实践中可促进学员科学素质、综合能力和创新能力的提高.     

水火箭的制作与发射——初中物理教学课外活动拓展

物理课外实验能让学生真正动手操作、体验,从而提高学生的物理核心素养.水火箭的制作与发射,蕴含知识面广,发射效果震撼,能让学生对物理与科技的联系有直观深刻的认识.     

On the Variability of Heart Rate Variability—Evidence from Prospective Study of Healthy Young College Students

Heart rate variability (HRV) has been widely used as indices for autonomic regulation, including linear analyses, entropy and multi-scale entropy based nonlinear analyses, and however, it is strongly influenced by the conditions under which the signal is being recorded. To investigate the variability of healthy HRV under different settings, we recorded electrocardiograph (ECG) signals from 56 healthy young college students (20 h for each participant) at campus using wearable single-lead ECG device. Accurate R peak to R peak (RR) intervals were extracted by combing the advantages of five commonly used R-peak detection algorithms to eliminate data quality influence. Thorough and detailed linear and nonlinear HRV analyses were performed. Variability of HRV metrics were evaluated from five categories: (1) different states of daily activities; (2) different recording time period in the same day during free-running daily activities; (3) body postures of sitting and lying; (4) lying on the left, right and back; and (5) gender influence. For most of the analyzed HRV metrics, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found among different recording conditions within the five categories except lying on different positions. Results suggested that the standardization of ECG data collection and HRV analysis should be implemented in HRV related studies, especially for entropy and multi-scale entropy based analyses. Furthermore, this preliminary study provides reference values of HRV indices under various recording conditions of healthy young subjects that could be useful information for different applications (e.g., health monitoring and management).     

De Broglie Tired Light Model and the Reality of the Quantum Waves

In the early 1960s of the 20th century de Broglie was able to explain the cosmological observable red shift, without ad hoc assumptions. Starting from basic quantum considerations he developed his tired light model for the photon. This model explains in a single and beautiful causal way the cosmological redshift without need of assuming the Big Bang and consequently a beginning for the universe. Evidence coming from Earth sciences seems also to confirm these ideas and furthermore concrete proposal of laboratorial scale experiments that can test the model are reviewed.