模拟结构倒塌破坏的有限质点法

有限质点法是以向量式力学为基础的新兴结构分析方法,本文将其应用于冲击荷载作用下的网壳结构的倒塌破坏模拟中。以空间杆单元为例建立了有限质点法的基本方程,推导了求解几何和材料非线性问题的基本公式。为计算断裂问题,建立了空间杆单元的断裂准则和断裂模型,发展了有限质点法进行断裂分析的基本算法。通过对某双层网壳冲击荷载下破坏过程的模拟和分析,验证了该方法在结构倒塌破坏过程模拟中的有效性和适用性。     

A single oscillating bubble in liquids with high Mach number

The oscillation characteristics of a single bubble and its induced radiation pressure and the dissipated power are essential for a wide range of applications. For bubble oscillations with high Mach number, the influence of the liquid compressibility is significantly strong and should be fully considered. In the present paper, the bubble wall motion equation with the second-order Mach number is employed for investigating a free oscillating bubble in the liquid with numerical and experimental verifications. For the purpose of comparisons, the revised Keller-Miksis equation up to the first-order Mach number is solved with the same conditions (e.g. the initial conditions and the ambient pressure). Through our simulations, comparing with the predictions by the first-order equation, we find that: (1) The bubble radius, the bubble wall radial velocity and the bubble wall radial acceleration predicted by the second-order equation with high Mach number are significantly different respectively, and the dimensionless differences increase with the increase of the Mach number. (2) The valid prediction range of the second-order equation is much larger. (3) The dissipated power predicted by the second-order equation with high Mach number is smaller.     

Airy光束在Kerr介质中的传输特性

通过对非线性薛定谔方程的研究,得出Airy光束在Kerr介质中的崩塌功率及有效束宽演化的解析表达式。经过数值计算发现,Airy光束在聚焦的Kerr介质中,其主瓣在开始传播时始终是会聚的;当输入功率小于临界崩塌功率时,Airy光束主瓣的中心部分出现局部崩塌。在不同的Kerr介质中, Airy光束的形状和传输轨道均能保持不变,如同在自由空间中传播,但光场大小的分布,随着不同的Kerr介质会发生改变:在Kerr的聚焦介质中,光场向中心聚焦;而在散焦的Kerr介质中,光场会发散。     

A mathematical basis for strain-gradient plasticity theory. Part II: Tensorial plastic multiplier

A phenomenological, flow theory version of gradient plasticity for isotropic and anisotropic solids is constructed along the lines of Gudmundson [Gudmundson, P., 2004. A unified treatment of strain-gradient plasticity. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 52, 1379-1406]. Both energetic and dissipative stresses are considered in order to develop a kinematic hardening theory, which in the absence of gradient terms reduces to conventional J₂ flow theory with kinematic hardening. The dissipative stress measures, work-conjugate to plastic strain and its gradient, satisfy a yield condition with associated plastic flow. The theory includes interfacial terms: elastic energy is stored and plastic work is dissipated at internal interfaces, and a yield surface is postulated for the work-conjugate stress quantities at the interface. Uniqueness and extremum principles are constructed for the solution of boundary value problems, for both the rate-dependent and the rate-independent cases. In the absence of strain gradient and interface effects, the minimum principles reduce to the classical extremum principles for a kinematically hardening elasto-plastic solid. A rigid-hardening version of the theory is also stated and the resulting theory gives rise to an extension to the classical limit load theorems. This has particular appeal as previous trial fields for limit load analysis can be used to generate immediately size-dependent bounds on limit loads.     

Collapse and revival of a single—Cooper—pair box in a single—mode quantized field

We study the quantum dynamics of a single-Cooper-pair box biased by a classical voltage and also irradiated by a single-mode quantized field. We demonstrate that under weak damping of the quantized field, the collapse-revival phenomena can exist in this system, and the oscillations of the collapse and revival depend sensitively on the initial state of the single-mode quantized field and the damping rate κ. We also demonstrate that this system can show the beats phenomena.     

On appearance of “cold” layer in explosive consolidation of powders

Abstract. Numerical modeling of explosive consolidation of powders under two-dimensional conditions has been performed. Various regimes of flow depending on detonation velocity have been considered. The appearance of “cold” layer during explosive consolidation of powders has been studied by calculations. Received 12 July 1999 / Accepted 27 April 2000     

Shock-induced collapse of a cylindrical air cavity in water: a Free-Lagrange simulation

A Free-Lagrange CFD code is used to simulate the collapse of a cylindrical air cavity in water by a 1.9 GPa incident shock. The Lagrangian treatment allows the air/water interface to be tracked throughout the interaction. The incident shock is partially transmitted into the cavity, within which it experiences multiple reflections. The upstream cavity wall involutes to form a high-speed jet which, on impact with the far cavity wall, produces an intense blast wave. Heating of the gas within the cavity is highly non-isentropic, and is dominated by shock heating. The predicted final gas temperature is of order 12000 K, although the modelling assumptions used here lead to over-prediction of temperature during the later stages of collapse. Received 14 September 1999 / Accepted 28 June 2000     

Spherical Gravitational Collapse: Tangential Pressure and Related Equations of State

We derive an equation for the acceleration of a fluid element in the spherical gravitational collapse of a bounded compact object made up of an imperfect fluid. We show that non-singular as well as singular solutions arise in the collapse of a fluid initially at rest and having only a tangential pressure. We obtain an exact solution of the Einstein equations, in the form of an infinite series, for collapse under tangential pressure with a linear equation of state. We show that if a singularity forms in the tangential pressure model, the conditions for the singularity to be naked are exactly the same as in the model of dust collapse.     

Nonclassical Properties in Mesoscopic Josephson Junction with Excited Even and Odd Coherent States

Dynamic evolution of a mesoscopic Josephson junction (MJJ) interacting with excited even and odd coherent states is studied. It is shown that the supercurrent in MJJ exhibits both collapse and revival (CR) phenomenon and squeezing effect. It is also shown that the CR and squeezing of supercurrent are related to degree of excitation and average photon number.