非对称三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场的高次压缩——广义电场分量的不等幂次和压缩效应研究

多模真空态|{0j}〉q与两个空间强度分布特征不同的多模复共轭泛函相干态|{f(j a)*(x,y,z)}〉q和|{f(j b)*(x,y,z)}〉q的线性叠加组成的三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场|ψ(f3)〉q,利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ(f3)〉q中广义电场分量的不等幂次高次和(H)压缩特性.结果表明:在一定的条件下,态|ψ(f3)〉q的广义电场分量可呈现出周期性变化的任意奇数次和任意偶数次的不等幂次高次H压缩效应;光场的经典振幅和经典初始相位的任意非对称空间分布特征对其压缩程度和压缩深度等压缩特性将产生直接的影响.     

Preparation and characterization of ZnO nanorods from NaOH solutions with assisted electrical field

ZnO naorods on ZnO-coated seed substrates were fabricated by solution chemical method from Zn(NO₃)₂/NaOH under assisted electrical field. The working mechanism of electrical field was analyzed and the factors affecting the rod growth such as potential, precursor concentration and growth temperature were elucidated. The structural and optical properties are characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, HRTEM and UV-vis. The results indicated that the nanorods have wurtzite structure without electrical field and are primarily of zincite structure under electrical field; when the electrical field is 1.1-1.3 V, not only the elevation of ion diffusion and adsorption lower the crystallite/solution interfacial energy and then the crystal nucleation barrier by increasing charge intensity, but also the production of H⁺ through oxidation of OH⁻ increases properly the degree of solution supersaturation near the substrate, and thus lowers the activation energy. Both the two processes do favor to rod growth. With increasing precursor concentration in this system, the average diameter and length of ZnO nanorods increase, leading to decreasing of optical transmittance. The maximum rod growth rate at given concentration of Zn²⁺ occurs at a specific temperature.     

掺Eu3+硅基材料的发光性质

通过溶胶－凝胶技术制备了掺Eu^3 的硅基材料并测试了其三维荧光光谱、激光谱和发射光谱，结果显示，最佳激发波波长为350nm,最强荧光波长为620nm；在350nm光激发下的发射光谱显示Eu^3 的特征发射光谱，产生4条谱带，分别是577nm(^5D0-^7F0)，588nm(^5D0-^7F1),596nm(^5D0-^7F1)和610nm(^5D0-^7F2)。     

Optical spectroscopy of Yb/Er codoped NaY(WO4)2 crystal

Erbium and ytterbium codoped double tungstates NaY(WO₄)₂ crystals were prepared by using Czochralski (CZ) pulling method. The absorption spectra in the region 290-2000 nm have been recorded at room temperature. The Judd-Ofelt theory was applied to the measured values of absorption line strengths to evaluate the spontaneous emission probabilities and stimulated emission cross sections of Er³⁺ ions in NaY(WO₄)₂ crystals. Intensive green and red lights were measured when the sample were pumped by a 974 nm laser diode (LD), especially, the intensities of green upconversion luminescence are very strong. The mechanism of energy transfer from Yb³⁺ to Er³⁺ ions was analyzed. Energy transfer and nonradiative relaxation played an important role in the upconversion process. Photoexcited luminescence experiments are also fulfilled to help analyzing the transit processes of the energy levels.     

部分相干光束通过硬边光阑的推广光束传输M2因子

给出部分相干光通过硬边光阑后的强度二阶矩的计算公式，由此可得到部分相干光通过硬边光阑后的推广光束传输M^2因子。以部分相干高斯－谢尔模型光束为例，推导出相应的M^2因子，并作了数值计算和分析讨论。     

A new microtensile tester for the study of MEMS materials with the aid of atomic force microscopy

An apparatus has been designed and implemented to measure the elastic tensile properties (Young's modulus and tensile strength) of surface micromachined polysilicon specimens. The tensile specimens are “dog-bone” shaped ending in a large “paddle” for convenient electrostatic or, in the improved apparatus, ultraviolet (UV) light curable adhesive gripping deposited with electrostatically controlled manipulation. The typical test section of the specimens is 400 μm long with 2 μm×50 μm cross section. The new device supports a nanomechanics method developed in our laboratory to acquire surface topologies of deforming specimens by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to determine (fields of) strains via Digital Image Correlation (DIC). With this tool, high strength or non-linearly behaving materials can be tested under different environmental conditions by measuring the strains directly on the surface of the film with nanometer resolution.     

Order Embeddings with Irrational Codomain: Debreu Properties of Real Subsets

The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of the set of irrational numbers as the codomain of order-preserving functions defined on topological totally preordered sets. We will show that although the set of irrational numbers does not satisfy the Debreu property it is still nonetheless true that any lower (respectively, upper) semicontinuous total preorder representable by a real-valued strictly isotone function (semicontinuous or not) also admits a representation by means of a lower (respectively, upper) semicontinuous strictly isotone function that takes values in the set of irrational numbers. These results are obtained by means of a direct construction. Moreover, they can be related to Cantor’s characterization of the real line to obtain much more general results on the semicontinuous Debreu properties of a wide family of subsets of the real line.      

基于超分子结构共掺杂纳米复合薄膜的制备与荧光特性

为改善功能分了的特性,提出一种基于金属纳米粒子-偶氮染料复合物共掺杂超分子结构功能材料的设计新方法.并依照此方法制备出复合材料,观测了其显微结构,测量了其紫外-可见光吸收,研究了该超分子结构复合体系的荧光特性.实验发现,由于金属银纳米粒子的掺杂,使得超分子结构复合体系中功能分子甲基橙在溶液态体系的荧光强度增强近5倍,而在两种不同结构(共混结构和包覆结构)的薄膜态超分子结构体系中,其荧光强度分别被猝灭15%和20%.研究结果表明,复合膜中采用超分子结构完全能够改善功能分子的特性.     

双相干点光源干涉的一般分析

讨论了双相干点光源的三维空间干涉场的一般数学描述,分析了3个不同截面处的干涉强度的空间分布情况,并给出了相干相长点的计算机模拟图样.该结果也适用于其他类型波的相干叠加场分布.     

Controlled structure and density of “living” polystyrene brushes on flat silica surfaces

Thin layers of polystyrene were grown from surface-grafted nitroxide initiators via controlled “living” free radical polymerization. The “reactive” Langmuir-Blodgett deposition method allowed an effective control of the initiator layer density leading to PS brushes with different and high grafting density and stretching. The influence of the grafting density on the layer structure was studied. Comparison with theoretical predictions for monodispersed brushes in bad solvent was discussed. The thickness was found to vary linearly with molecular weight and the density dependence was shown using wetting measurements. Special features of controlled radical nitroxide polymerization from a surface were discussed. A direct comparison of the molecular weight and polydispersity between surface and bulk polymers was made by de-grafting the brushes into a toluene/HF solution. Finally, some evidence of a “surface Fischer” effect was shown from re-initiated layers. Received 20 December 2001