Coherent states of general time-dependent harmonic oscillator

By introducing an invariant operator, we obtain exact wave functions for a general time-dependent quadratic harmonic oscillator. The coherent states, both inx- andp-spaces, are calculated. We confirm that the uncertainty product in coherent state is always larger thankh/2 and is equal to the minimum of the uncertainty product of the number states. The displaced wave packet for Caldirola-Kanai oscillator in coherent state oscillates back and forth with time about the center as for a classical oscillator. The amplitude of oscillation with no driving force decreases due to the dissipation in the system. However, the oscillation with resonant frequency oscillates with a large amplitude, even after a sufficient time elapse.     

Schwinger boson mapping of SO(8) fermion model

The Schwinger representation of the SO(8) fermion pair algebra in terms ofd and quasispin vector (u, s, v) bosons is used in deriving a microscopic boson coherent state having both particle-hole and pair excitations. The coherent state is the exact boson image of the HFB variational solution. We can study the shape phase transition and pairing behaviour of the nuclear ground states using the coherent states.     

各向异性光子晶体中Λ型原子动力学性质研究

讨论了各向异性光子晶体中外驱动场作用下Λ型原子的动力学性质及辐射谱特性. 通过理论 分析和数值计算发现，原子上下能级的布居数将出现准周期性振荡的性质，其振荡的频率和 振荡的幅度与上能级的耗散系数γ， 驱动场的作用强度，驱动场和共振频率失谐度δ等相 关； 原子上能级与光子晶体带边的相对位置将直接影响到原子自发辐射的模式. 此外，从 辐射谱的角度分析光子晶体对原子周围辐射场的特性及其传输性质的影响.     

TiN/TiB2异结构纳米多层膜的共格生长与力学性能

采用多靶磁控溅射法制备了一系列具有不同TiB₂调制层厚度的TiN/TiB_{2纳米多层膜.利用x射线衍射仪、高分辨电子显微镜和微力学探针研究了TiB2层厚变化对多层膜生长结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明，在fcc-TiN层(111)生长面的模板 作用下，原为非晶态的TiB2层在厚度小于2.9nm时形成hcp晶体态，并与fcc-TiN 形成共格外延生长；其界面共格关系为{111}TiN//{0001}TiB2，〈110〉TiN//〈1120〉TiB2.由于共格界面存在晶格失配 度，多层膜中形成拉、压交变的应力场，导致多层膜产生硬度和弹性模量升高的超硬效应， 最高硬度和弹性模量分别达到46.9GPa和465GPa.继续增加TiB2层的厚度，TiB2形成非晶态并破坏了与TiN层的共格外延生长，多层膜形成非晶TiN层和非晶TiB< sub>2层交替的调制结构，其硬度和弹性模量相应降低. 关键词： 2}纳米多层膜')" href="#">TiN/TiB₂纳米多层膜 共格生长 晶体化 力学性能     

Large Enhancement of Probe Amplification with Population Inversion in a Four-Level Atomic System with Vacuum-Induced Coherence

In this paper, we discuss and analyze theoretically probe absorption-amplification response in a four-level coherent atomic system with vacuum-induced coherence via changing the sign of the parameter f, with f denoting the ratio of a pair of dipole moments associated with a doublet of closely upper hyperfine sublevels. We find that the amplitude of the probe amplification for the case f=-1 can be about one order of magnitude larger than that achievable for the case f=1. In addition, with respect to the case f=-1 the probe amplification can be maintained all the time with weak incoherent pumping for a wide range of the probe detuning.     

利用相干渡越辐射测量电子束团长度的分析与计算

利用相干渡越辐射(CTR)测量短和超短电子束团长度是国际上束测领域新发展的频域测量技术.文中理论分析和数值计算了北京自由电子激光装置的皮秒级的射频电子束团序列产生的CTR,当辐射波长在长于束长(4ps)时,渡越辐射发生相干增强效应;与非相干渡越辐射相比,当λ≥2πσz时,增强的倍数约等于束团中粒子的数目(10⁸);CTR从亚毫米波到毫米波段呈宽带连续谱特性;渡越辐射能量主要集中在轴线附近,宏脉冲辐射能量高达几毫焦.设计采用偏振型束团长度测量系统,利用CTR自相关技术,实验测量该束团序列的纵向长度,并藉助傅里叶变换光谱法,推求束团电子分布.     

三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场的高次压缩--广义磁场分量等幂次振幅压缩效应研究

构造了由多模真空态|{0j}>q与两个空间强度分布特征不同的多模复共轭泛函相干态|{f(a)f*(x,y,z)}>q和|{f(b)f*(x, y,z)}>q的线性叠加组成的三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场|ψ(3)f>q,利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ(3)f>q中广义磁场分量的等幂次高次振幅(Y)压缩特性.结果表明:在一定的条件下,态|ψ(3)f>q的广义磁场分量可呈现出周期性变化的等幂次高次Y压缩效应; 光场经典强度和经典振幅的任意非对称空间分布特征和光场经典初始相位的任意空间分布特征等对其压缩程度将产生直接的影响.     

Near-field study of optical modes in randomly textured ZnO thin films

We report on near-field scanning optical microscopy measurements on randomly textured ZnO thin films. These films are commonly used as transparent conducting oxide in thin-film solar cells. Textured interfaces are used to increase the scattering of light, which leads to a better light trapping in the solar cell. Here, both the topography and the local transmission are measured with a tapered fiber tip with very high spatial resolution. By varying the distance of the tip and the wavelength of the incident light, the optical profile is visualized and reveals a strong confinement of light on a subwavelength scale which corresponds to ridges in the surface structure. The confinement of light results from guided optical modes in the ZnO which are accompanied by a modulated evanescent field in air. No corresponding structure to this modulation is found in the topography. These results give new insight for further improvement of light trapping in solar cells.     

Antikaon Condensation and In-medium Kaon and Antikaon Production in Protoneutron Stars

Antikaon condensation and kaon and antikaon production in protoneutron stars are investigated in a chiral hadronic model （also referred to as the FST model in this paper）. The effects of neutrino trapping on protoneutron stars are analyzed systematically. It is shown that neutrino trapping makes the critical density of K^- condensation delay to higher density and fifo condensation not occur. The equation of state （EOS） of （proto）neutron star matter with neutrino trapping is stiffer than that without neutrino trapping. As a result, the maximum masses of （proto）neutron stars with neutrino trapping are larger than those without neutrino trapping. If hyperons are taken into account, antikaon does not form a condensate in （proto）neutron stars. Meanwhile, the corresponding EOS becomes much softer, and the maximum masses of （proto）neutron stars are smaller than those without hyprons. Finally, our results illustrate that the Q values for K^＋ and K^- production in （proto）neutron stars are not sensitive to neutrino trapping and inclusion of hyperons.     

Quantum Teleportation via Hybrid Entangled States

In this paper, we study quantum teleportation of atomic states via a hybrid entangled state (HES) involving an atom and a cavity field. And we investigate how to implement controlled phase (CP) gates between atomic internal Finally, a brief discussion about the feasibility of this scheme in experiment is presented.