Enhanced magnetic properties of Nd–Fe–B thin films crystallized by heat treatment

Nd₂Fe₁₄B Φ phase crystallites were formed in Nd_16.7Fe_65.5B_17.8 thin films prepared by RF sputtering with subsequent heat treatment. The 2 μm-thick films were deposited onto 0.1 mm Mo sheets at an average substrate temperature (T_s) of 365°C. The enhanced magnetic properties of the magnetically anisotropic thin films were investigated using different heating rates (h_r) of 10°C, 20°C, 50°C and 100°C/min in an annealing experiment. Transformation from the amorphous phase to the crystalline phase is clearly manifested by the formation of fine crystallites embedded as a columnar matrix of Nd₂Fe₁₄B phase. High-resolution scanning electron microscope data of the cross-section of the annealed films show columnar stacking of Nd₂Fe₁₄B crystallites with sizes <500 nm. Transmission electron microscope observations revealed that the microstructure of these films having out-of-plane magnetization consists of uniformly distributed Φ phase with grain size around 400 nm together with small Nd rich particles. This grain size of Φ phase is comparable to the single domain particle diameter of Nd₂Fe₁₄B. Significant change in _iH_c, 4πM_r and 4πM_s with h_r was confirmed. Annealing conditions with a heating rate of 50°C/min to an annealing temperature (T_a) of 650°C for 30 min was consequently found to give optimum properties for the NdFeB thin films. The resulting magnetic properties, considered to be the effect of varying h_r were _iH_c= 1307–1357 kA/m, 4πM_r=0.78–1.06 T and 4πM_s=0.81–1.07 T.     

纳米晶永磁Pr8Fe87B5反磁化机理研究

用熔体快淬法制备了Pr2Fe14B/α-Fe纳米复合永磁样品.测量了样品的起始磁化、反磁化过程、矫顽力和剩磁与外场的关系，以及样品的磁粘滞性.经分析认为材料的矫顽力主要由非均匀的钉扎机理决定，但由于交换硬化的软磁相的可逆转动使得这种反磁化机理不同于单相永磁材料的钉扎行为.磁粘滞性表明热激活主要源于硬磁相的不可逆磁化行为. 关键词： 纳米复合永磁 矫顽力 剩磁 磁粘滞     

La0.67Ca0.33MnO3薄膜中的矫顽力随膜厚与衬底的变化

系统研究了衬底为SrTiO3和LaAlO3上的La0.67Ca0.33MnO3薄膜中的矫顽力随厚度和应变的变化。结构分析表明薄膜为（001）方向织构，而且薄膜中的晶粒尺寸随着薄膜厚度的减小而减小。磁测量表明矫顽力先随着膜厚的减小而增加，在t=10-25nm附近到达一极大值。随后，矫顽力随厚度的减小而降低。还得出矫顽力的大小与测量方向有关：t≥25nm (t≤10nm)时，难磁化方向的矫顽力大于（小于）易磁化方向的矫顽力。据此，我们提出：在厚膜（t≥25nm）中，矫顽力变化由畴壁钉扎机制决定；在超薄膜（t≤10nm）中，则与磁畴的形核机制有关。根据t= 5、10、25、400nm的LCMO/STO薄膜的初始磁化曲线，以及t=5，50nm的LCMO/LAO薄膜的小磁滞回线的测量，我们对薄膜中矫顽力机制作了验证，并且还讨论了钉扎和形核机制发生的非均匀区的尺寸。     

Regularity for solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations with degenerate coercivity

We prove regularity results for solutions of some nonlinear Dirichlet problems for an equation in the form

Quasiconvexity at the Boundary and a Simple Variational Formulation of Agmon's Condition

We study the question of positivity of quadratic funtionals which typically arise as the second variation at a critical point u of a functional. For interior points x₁∈ Ω rank-one convexity of C₀(x₁) is a necessary condition for u to be a local minimizer. For boundary points x₂∈ ∂ Ω where ϕ is allowed to vary freely the stronger condition of quasiconvexity at the boundary is necessary. For quadratic functionals this condition is roughly equivalent to rank-one convexity and Agmon's condition. We derive an equivalent condition on C₀(x₂) which is purely algebraic; and, moreover, it is variational in the sense that it can be formulated in terms of positive semidefiniteness of Hermitian matrices. A connection to the solvability of matrix-valued Riccati equations is established. Several applications in elasticity theory are treated. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Coercivity and image of constrained extremum problems

The concept of coercivity is extended to the image space, and it is exploited to obtain a lower bound for the minimum of a constrained extremum problem and a sufficient condition for the optimality. Problems which are coercive in the image space turn out to have zero duality gap. A possible application to variational inequalities is illustrated by means of an example.     

磁性颗粒复合体磁渗流区矫顽力异常的研究

制备了MnZn铁氧体/SiO₂颗粒复合体.研究了磁性颗粒复合体的有效磁导率μ、 比磁化强度σ以及矫顽力H_c随磁性颗粒含量的变化.研究发现，在MnZn铁氧体体积百分含 量为90%—98%的区域，复合体的有效磁导率μ的变化速率发生突变，出现磁渗流现象，从实验得到的体系磁渗流阈值V_c=97.9%.在磁渗流区，矫顽力表现出异常行为.结果表明 ，这种异常行为与复合体微观结构有着密切关系.在磁渗流前，矫顽力H_c的变化主要来 源于磁 关键词： 颗粒复合体 磁渗流 矫顽力     

三元Co_(79)Zr_(18)Cr_3合金中高矫顽力

通过在Co_(82)Zr_(18)合金中添加过渡族元素Cr的方法,利用快淬工艺,制备出了Co_(82-x)Zr_(18)Cr_x(x=0,2,3,4)快淬合金薄带,利用磁性测量、X光衍射、热磁分析、扫描电子显微镜,对其磁性能、相组成、微结构进行了研究,实验结果表明,在Co_(82)Zr_(18)合金中添加少量的Cr可以使其矫顽力(iHc)显著提高,其中,Co_(79)Zr_(18)Cr_3快淬薄带经600℃退火处理后iHc=6.5 kOe.相分析发现,600℃退火后的Co_(79)Zr_(18)Cr_3快淬薄带由单一Co_(11)Zr_2相组成,Cr原子进入到了Co_(11)Zr_2相的晶格之中替换了原子半径相对较小的Co原子,这导致了Co_(11)Zr_2居里温度(T_C)的降低却使其磁晶各向异性场(Ha)显著提高;另一方面,通过微结构研究发现,未退火的Co_(79)Zr_(18)Cr_3快淬薄带由50—80 nm的等轴晶粒组成,经600℃退火后,其晶粒形态并未发生改变然而晶粒尺寸却增长到400—500nm。     

交换偏置双层膜中的反铁磁自旋结构及其交换各向异性

研究了交换偏置双层膜中界面存在二次以及双二次交换耦合下反铁磁磁矩转动及其交换各向异性.结果表明，其反铁磁膜中的磁矩转动存在可逆“恢复行为”、不可逆“半转动行为”、不可逆“倒转行为”以及不可逆“半倒转行为”四种情形，四种情形的出现强烈地依赖于界面二次、双二次耦合以及反铁磁膜厚度.其中可逆恢复行为情况下，系统出现交换偏置，而不可逆的半转、半倒转以及倒转情形，系统不出现交换偏置.特别地,在界面处仅存在双二次耦合的情形下，其界面双二次耦合常数J₂≤0.1 σ关键词： 反铁磁自旋结构 交换各向异性 界面双二次耦合 交换偏置     

硼对硬磁性Nd60Fe20Al10Co10大块非晶合金的磁性与晶化行为的影响

利用示差扫描量热法，X射线衍射法和振动样品磁强计研究了少量B元素对Nd60Fe20All0Col0大块非晶合金的磁性和晶化行为的影响。研究表明，用B元素部分取代Nd元素后，其内禀矫顽力有所增大，饱和磁化强度降低。晶化后，Nd60Fe20All0Col0大块非晶合金退火折出的晶体相对硬磁性能无明显影响，而Nd58Fe20All0Col0B2合金退火析出非铁磁性的Nd1.lFe4B4相，使内禀矫顽力、饱和磁化强度、居里温度降低。