时间频率基准装置的研制现状

时间频率基准装置——铯原子喷泉钟, 在标准时间产生和保持、基础物理研究中发挥了重要的作用. 介绍了铯原子喷泉钟的工作原理, 对影响其性能的各项噪声源和频移项给出了分析, 影响频率稳定度性能的主要因素为Dick 效应相关的原子团装载时间、微波激励源相位噪声和探测激光的频率噪声, 影响频率不确定性能主要频移项为: 黑体辐射频移、冷原子碰撞频移、腔相位分布频移和微波泄露频移; 总结和比较了当前具有先进性能的铯原子喷泉钟采用的技术; 介绍了铯原子喷泉钟的主要应用方向、空间冷原子铯钟的研制情况和光学频率原子钟进展.     

Circadian variations in biologically closed electrochemical circuits in Aloe vera and Mimosa pudica

The circadian clock regulates a wide range of electrophysiological and developmental processes in plants. This paper presents, for the first time, the direct influence of a circadian clock on biologically closed electrochemical circuits in vivo. Here we show circadian variation of the plant responses to electrical stimulation. The biologically closed electrochemical circuits in the leaves of Aloe vera and Mimosa pudica, which regulate their physiology, were analyzed using the charge stimulation method. The electrostimulation was provided with different timing and different voltages. Resistance between Ag/AgCl electrodes in the leaf of Aloe vera was higher during the day than at night. Discharge of the capacitor in Aloe vera at night was faster than during the day. Discharge of the capacitor in a pulvinus of Mimosa pudica was faster during the day. The biologically closed electrical circuits with voltage gated ion channels in Mimosa pudica are also activated the next day, even in the darkness. These results show that the circadian clock can be maintained endogenously and has electrochemical oscillators, which can activate ion channels in biologically closed electrochemical circuits. We present the equivalent electrical circuits in both plants and their circadian variation to explain the experimental data.     

空间激光与单模光纤和光子晶体光纤的耦合效率

为了设计最优光纤耦合系统,利用高斯模场近似单模阶跃光纤的模场和大模面积光子晶体光纤的模场,推导出了理想情况下空间激光与这两种光纤的耦合效率解析表达式以及光纤端面相对于耦合系统存在横向偏移和端面倾斜时的耦合效率解析表达式。基于上述理论表达式计算了空间激光与光纤的耦合效率,并通过实验验证了此理论表达式的有效性。理论计算和实验均证实了单模阶跃光纤对于横向偏移更敏感,当横向偏移量等于单模光纤的纤芯半径时所对应的耦合效率只有20.25%,为理论最大值的1/4;而大模面积光子晶体光纤对于端面倾斜更加敏感,当端面倾斜2°时对应的耦合效率只有40.5%,为理论最大值的1/2。所提出理论表达式和实验方法完全可以为设计光纤耦合系统提供准确的参数。     

Resolution of Internal Total ReflectionScanning Near-field Optical Microscopy

In this paper, the probe-sample interaction equation based on Mie's scattering theory is derived, and the resolution of scanning near field optical microscopy is calculated numerically. The results show that the offset of far-field component to near-field component in total field plays an important role in the resolution and the size of samples also has influence on resolution.     

The precision improvement of the scanner in optical scanning imaging system

A disadvantage of using a galvanometer as the horizontal scanner in CSOM and OCT is its nonlinear distortion caused by the rotational inertial. This is inevitable even if a closed loop is equipped. Here, a second closed loop is introduced to provide pixel clocks to reduce the pincushion distortion of the images. A subdivided step motor is employed to be the vertical scanner as the result of price consideration. Nonetheless, the conventional linearity model of the peck torque with a winding current relationship is no longer in agreement with the experiment when the winding current is low, while a parabolic model is more likely to be reasonable. Relational treatment is proposed in the paper. Both methods have proved to be good enough to meet the requirement of a super resolution scanning imaging.     

Multi-function Device Based on Two Terahertz Optical Asymmetric Demutiplexers

A multi-function device based on two terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexers (TOAD) is proposed,which can be used simultaneously as demultiplexing,data regeneration,clock recovery and wavelength conversion unit. The device can work at an ultra-high speed optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) system with relatively low speed components.     

On the Marzke-Wheeler and Desloge constructions

There is no indication of time dilation of clocks or of length contraction of rods in Marzke and Wheeler's clock or in Desloge's metrosphere.     

用光脉冲注入从锁模激光二极管再生低抖动高Q值光时钟

采用１０ＧＨＺ基准时钟光和１０Ｇｂｉｔ／ｓ的数据脉冲信号光注入到锁模激光二极管，降低了周期抖动，当注入功率为－５ｄＢｍ，在基准时钟光波长等于锁模激光二极管的光波长时，获得的最小抖动为０．２５ｐｓ，采用给锁模激光二极管，在注入功率为＋２７ｄＢｍ时，其Ｑ值达３０００。     

BEPC基于束流准直的BPM OFFSET测量系统

束流轨道对加速器的运行很重要,为了能准确的测量束流的位置,有必要对束流位置监视器(BPM)本身进行快速,准确的准直.介绍在BEPC上用束流作为基准来测量BPM的零点偏差(OFFSET) .这套测量系统用辅助绕组来改变四极磁铁的强度,已经应用到BEPC上,并且取得一定效果.