COSMIC(90): An improved molecular mechanics treatment of hydrocarbons and conjugated systems

Summary Four modifications to the COSMIC molecular mechanics force field are described, which greatly increase both its versatility and the accuracy of calculated conformational energies. The Hill non-bonded van der Waals potential function has been replaced by a two-parameter Morse curve and a new H-H potential, similar to that in MM3, incorporated. Hydrocarbon energies in particular are much improved.A simple iterative Hückel pi-electron molecular orbital calculation allows modelling of conjugated systems. Calculated bond lengths and rotational barriers for a series of conjugated hydrocarbons and nitrogen heterocycles are shown to be as accurate as those determined by the MM2 SCF method.Explicit hydrogen-bonding potentials for H-bond acceptor-donor atom pairs have been included to give better hydrogen bond energies and lengths. The van der Waals radii of protonic hydrogens are reduced to 0.5 Å and the energy well depth is increased to 1.0 kcal mol^-1.Two new general atom types, N⁺ _sp ² and O^- _sp ³ , have been introduced which allow a wide variety of charged conjugated systems to be studied. A minimum of parameterisation is required, as the new types are easily included in the Hückel scheme which automatically adjusts bond and torsional parameters according to the defined bond-order relationships.     

Ab initio study on structure and phase transition of A- and B-type rare-earth sesquioxides Ln2O3 (Ln=La-Lu, Y, and Sc) based on density function theory

Ab initio energetic calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) and projector augmented wave (PAW) pseudo-potentials method were performanced to determine the crystal structural parameters and phase transition data of the polymorphic rare-earth sesquioxides Ln₂O₃ (where Ln=La-Lu, Y, and Sc) with A-type (hexagonal) and B-type (monoclinic) configurations at ground state. The calculated results agree well with the limited experimental data and the critically assessed results. A set of systematic and self-consistent crystal structural parameters, energies and pressures of the phase transition were established for the whole series of the A- and B-type rare-earth sesquioxides Ln₂O₃. With the increase of the atomic number, the ionic radii of rare-earth elements Ln and the volumes of the sesquioxides Ln₂O₃ reflect the so-called “lanthanide contraction”. With the increase of the Ln³⁺-cation radius, the bulk modulus of Ln₂O₃ decreases and the polymorphic structures show a degenerative tendency.     

Ab initio calculations of accurate dissociation energy and analytic potential energy function for the second excited state B1∏ of 7LiH

The reasonable dissociation limit of the second excited singlet state B¹∏ of ⁷LiH molecule is obtained. The accurate dissociation energy and equilibrium geometry of the B¹\Pi state are calculated using a symmetry-adapted-cluster configuration--interaction method in full active space. The whole potential energy curve for the B¹∏ state is obtained over the internuclear distance ranging from about 0.10nm to 0.54nm, and has a least-square fit to the analytic Murrell--Sorbie function form. The vertical excitation energy is calculated from the ground state to the B¹∏ state and compared with previous theoretical results. The equilibrium internuclear distance obtained by geometry optimization is found to be quite different from that obtained by single-point energy scanning under the same calculation condition. Based on the analytic potential energy function, the harmonic frequency value of the B¹∏ state is estimated. A comparison of the theoretical calculations of dissociation energies, equilibrium interatomic distances and the analytic potential energy function with those obtained by previous theoretical results clearly shows that the present work is more comprehensive and in better agreement with experiments than previous theories, thus it is an improvement on previous theories.     

[Co(2,3-tri)(ibn)Cl][ZnCl4]体系一经式异构体的晶体结构及体系异构体的理论计算研究

用单晶X-射线衍射分析方法解析了[Co(2,3-tri)(ibn)Cl]²⁺(2,3-tri=N-(2-氨基乙基)-1,3-丙二胺,ibn=1,2-二氨基-2-甲基丙烷)体系中一经式异构体(m2-[Co(2,3-tri)(ibn)Cl][ZnCl₄])。该晶体属单斜晶系,空间群P2₁/c,a=11.317(3)?,b=14.931(4)?,c=11.646(3)?,β=1     

Synthesis on the basis of electrogenerated carbenes

A series ofS _N2 reactions with halomethanes as substrates and the corresponding anions as nucleophiles were studied by the semiempirical MNDO and AM1 methods, taking into account solvent effects. Analysis of the kinetics, structures of reagents, intermediates and products, and charge distribution in them allows one to draw the conclusion that the retardation ofS _N2 reactions is stronger in solvents than in the gas phase, and the rates of reactions involving anions with a lower number of halogen atoms are higher.For Part 8 see Ref. 1.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2148–2154, November, 1995.This work was partially financially supported by the International Science Foundation (Grant No. MHYOO).     

含吩噻嗪金属配合物的合成及非线性光学性质研究

本文报道了一种新的配体:10-乙基-3-甲酰吩噻嗪缩肼基二硫代甲酸甲酯(HL)及其金属配合物的合成。采用了元素分析、质谱、核磁共振、红外光谱对配体及其金属配合物进行了表征。此外,并应用紫外、荧光和Z-扫描技术,测定了配体及其金属配合物的荧光最佳发射波长(λ_max^em)、荧光量子产率(Φ_f)、寿命(τ)和非线性光学性质。结果表明它们在DMF溶液中都能发射出较强的橄榄色荧光,配体及其金属配合物都有双光子吸收,并且金属配合物的非线性光学效应比配体明显增强。用半经验量子化学方法(RHF/PM3)计算结果与实验值较为吻合。     

硝酸氯冰溶胶水解反应过程的计算模拟

用二级微扰(MP2)和密度泛函理论(B3LYP),辅以不同的基组,对硝酸氯在冰表面上水解反应的机理进行了理论计算研究.根据关键部位化学键的松弛效应和关键原子的电荷分布,对冰表面催化的原因进行了深入分析.水分子一方面作为桥,辅助分子间质子发生迁移;另一方面作为连续介质,通过偶极相互作用加快硝酸氯的水解过程.     

Pu（^7Fg）＋H2（X^1∑g^＋,0,0）的分子反应动力学

基于PuH_2分子基态(X~7A_1)的分析势能函数，用准经典的Monte-Carlo轨线法 对Pu(~7Fg)+H_2(X~1∑_g~+，0，0)的分子反应动力学过程进行了计算。结果表明 ：Pu(~7F_g)与H_2(X~1∑_g~+，0，0)碰撞是弹性碰撞。     

四元交互体系Li~＋，Mg~（2＋）／Cl~－，SO_4~（2－）－H_2O

本文采用等温溶解平衡法研究了四元交互体系Ｌｉ＋，Ｍｇ２＋／ＣＩ－，ＳＯ－Ｈ２Ｏ２５℃的机关系和平衡液相的物化性质（密度、粘度、电导率、折光率和ｐＨ）．该体系２５℃有七个相区Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４·Ｈ２Ｏ，ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ．ＭｇＳＯ４·６Ｈ２Ｏ．ＭｇＳＯ４·５Ｈ２Ｏ，ＭｇＣ１２，６Ｈ２Ｏ，ＬｉＣＩ．ＭｇＣｌ２．７Ｈ２Ｏ，ＬｉＣＩ·Ｈ２Ｏ，十一条单变量线，五个共饱点．其中ＬｉＣＩ·Ｈ２Ｏ＋ＬｉＣＩ·ＭｇＣｌ２·７Ｈ２Ｏ＋Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４·Ｈ２Ｏ为一致零变量点．与文献中的研究结果比较，我们得到两个新相区ＭｇＳＯ４·６Ｈ２Ｏ和ＭｇＳＯ４·５Ｈ２Ｏ．用经验和半经验公式计算了平衡液相的密度、折光率．由实验测定的溶解度数据求得了高锂浓度下的Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ参数．对该体系２５℃溶解度进行了理论计算复证．     

Benzooxirene. Ab initio calculations

Ab initio calculations have been performed on benzooxirene, the corresponding oxo carbene (“ketocarbene”), and the transition state linking the two. At the highest level used, QCISD(T)/6-31G^*//MP2(FULL)/6-1G^* with MP2(FULL)/ 6-31G^* zero point energy corrections, the relative energies of the oxirene, the transition state and the carbene are 0, 24.6, and −17.8 kJ mol⁻¹. Correlation energy effects are very important in this system: at the QCISD(T) level the oxirene lies above the carbene, as at the MP4 and HF levels, but at the MP2 level the ordering is reversed. Benzooxirene is probably slightly nonplanar: the HF/6-31G^* geometry is C_2v but the MP2(Fermi contact)/6-31G^* geometry is C_s with a 6-/3-ring coplanarity deviation of about 6.9 °, although in the MP2(FULL)/6-31G^* geometry this is reduced to about 3.1 °.