On the two methods of kinetic theory of ECRM

The kinetic theory based on the expansion of local field in the guiding center coordinate system, presented by paper[1]–[3], has successfully developed into a theoretical system. The mathematical background and physical explanation of setting up the guiding center coordinate system is expounded in the paper. By using the methods of the guiding center and waveguide coordinate systems respectively, the same dispersion equations for interaction of an axially symmetrical single momentum electron beam with TE_mn field in the circular waveguide are rigorously derived. A number of mistakes in paper[4] are indicated as well.     

Differential incoherent scattering of 279.2 keV photons by Zr,Sn, Ta,Pb and U

Differential incoherent scattering cross-section ratios of 279.2 keV photons by zirconium, tin, tantalum, lead and uranium elements are experimentally determined by comparing the peak areas under the degraded photon energy with that of an equivalent aluminium foil employing a high resolution 35 c.c. coaxial Ge(Li) detector. Studies have been made in single configuration in an angular range of 20° to 115°. The results are compared with theoretical values obtained from the non-relativistichfs model of Hubbell and co-workers. The cross-section ratios decrease as the atomic number increases for a given scattering angle.     

The wall theorem for elastic moduli

New expressions for the elastic moduli of a classical system are derived. They involve only the two-point correlation function and the derivative of the onepoint correlation function, both only on the boundary of the system. These expressions, valid for any interaction derivable from a potential, are proved from a mechanical point of view by generalizing the virial theorem of Clausius, and from a statistical point of view by a direct method that constitutes an alternative to Green's dilatation method.     

Growth of single crystals of copper and their thermal profile estimation

Copper crystals have been grown by Czochralski technique in a 6-bar argon gas environment. X-ray analysis shows that these are single crystals and are strain-free. A slight pressure environment that is truly hydrostatic seems to improve the quality of the crystals. Thermal profile estimation results show that the values of temperature which decrease upto the neck region are same in magnitude as those measured during the experiments and that necking improves the thermal profile and, consequently, the crystal quality. No facet formation has been observed in these crystals.     

High pressure phase transitions in organic solids II: X-ray diffraction study ofp-dichlorobenzene at high pressures

X-ray diffraction experiments onp-dichlorobenzene at high pressures show a transition at ～ 0.3 GPa, to a new phase, the diffraction pattern of which cannot be indexed on the anticipated low temperature monoclinic crystal structure. We have instead found an orthorhombic cell, very closely related to the low temperature monoclinic cell, for this new phase. This structure, which also occurs inp-diiodobenzene at ambient conditions, has cell constantsa =14.02,b = 6.06,c = 7.41Å andZ = 4. The space group is Pbca. This new phase has a non-β herring-bone structure, in contrast with the initialα phase which has aβ-structure with ribbon-like arrangement of molecules, with Cl-Cl contacts of ～ 4A between adjacent molecules. This implies that with pressure the halogen-halogen interaction in this compound plays a less dominant role in crystal engineering.     

Analogue of Aharonov-Bohm effect in spin gauge theory

We predict the possibility of observing analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm effect due to long range interaction between spins originating in the framework of spin gauge theory developed earlier. The effect is predicted for both electrons (fermions) and photons. Appropriate experimental set-ups are suggested.     

非圆截面环流器等离子体对于高n理想磁流体气球模的最佳压强分布

本文假定等离子体局部压强梯度由理想磁流体高n气球模所限定,讨论了非圆截面环流器的最佳压强剖面。分析了椭圆及三角变形的效应,发现三角变形对提高稳定性很有利;q剖面对平均比压值及中心比压值都有强烈影响,而沿半径下降的q剖面对提高比压值很有利。     

硅薄膜沉积过程中等离子发光基团的一维空间分布研究

使用光发射谱(OES)对甚高频等离子增强化学气相沉积(VHF-PECVD)技术沉积硅薄膜时的等离子体发光基团的空间分布进行了在线监测和研究. 研究表明：等离子体的不同发光基团都存在着一个中间强度较大的区域和两边电极附近的暗区;增大硅烷浓度和提高辉光功率都会增大SiH^*峰强度;硼烷的加入,使得SiH^*和Hα^*峰强度增大,但硼烷流量变化的影响很小;硼烷流量增大,材料的晶化率下降,而I_{［Hα^*］关键词： 甚高频等离子增强化学气相沉积 等离子体 发光基团 空间分布}     

高压下Al0.77Mn0.19Yb0.04合金准晶T相的形成及结构

利用静高压(4.2GPa)熔态(1300℃)淬火(10~2℃/S)方法,对含稀土的铝锰合金Al_(0.77)Mn_(0.10)Yb_(0.04)进行了研究。首次发现了准晶T相的形成。利用选区透射电子衍射技术,对合金中准晶态的结构对称性进行了观察和分析。根据X射线和电子衍射对其衍射峰进行了指标化。使用扫描电镜和能谱技术进行了成份分析。     

La2CuO4+δ和La2-xSrxCuO4系统中的电子输运性质

 本文解释了La₂CuO_4+δ（0≤δ≤0.09）和La_2-xSr_xCuO₄（0≤x≤0.3）两种p型系统含铜稀土氧化物中的电阻和Seebeck系数与温度的依赖关系，在室温以上，一氧大气压下的La₂CuO_4+δ系统趋于失氧；在500 K以上，超导样品显示出失氧的一级相变，并且恢复到反铁磁相。在转变温度T₁≈300 K以下，对0<δ<0.05成份的样品，相分离成反铁磁相和超导相；而在T_cρ≈100 K的温度范围内，超导相进一步分离成富空穴和贫空穴畴。在0.04≤δ≤0.09范围内，T_c处的电阻陡降出现了台阶；我们认为，它反映了电子成对的起伏。在La_2-xSr_xCuO₄系统中，对于成分为01≈300 K以上，空穴的运动是弥散的，但是ΔH_m=0；而对于x≥0.22的样品，经历了从平滑到Fermi液态的转变。成份为0c1范围（其中空穴继续以弥散方式运动）是亚稳的，但是，在T_cρ≤150 K范围，出现了电荷起伏。当样品冷却通过T₁时，对于成份为0.15≤x≤0.2的样品，经历了由弥散到强质量增强巡游电子状态的转变；在T_c处，从均匀的修饰电子的正常态凝聚成超导的载流子对。在超导成份样品的正常态中，不寻常的电子-晶格相互作用，可以归结为在CuO₂面上从更离子性的到共价性的Cu:3d_x²-r²─O:P_σ键合的转变；通过这种转变，轨道杂化和Hubbard U参量随Cu─O键长和Cu原子上的外表局域氧化态都产生灵敏的变化。