Transition to chaos in lid-driven square cavity flow

To date, there are very few studies on the transition beyond second Hopf bifurcation in a lid-driven square cavity, due to the difficulties in theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. In this paper, we study the characteristics of the third Hopf bifurcation in a driven square cavity by applying a consistent fourth-order compact finite difference scheme rectently developed by us. We numerically identify the critical Reynolds number of the third Hopf bifurcation located in the interval of (13944.7021,13946.5333) by the method of bisection. Through Fourier analysis, it is discovered that the flow becomes chaotic with a characteristic of period-doubling bifurcation when the Reynolds number is beyond the third bifurcation critical interval. Nonlinear time series analysis further ascertains the flow chaotic behaviors via the phase diagram, Kolmogorov entropy and maximal Lyapunov exponent. The phase diagram changes interestingly from a closed curve with self-intersection to an unclosed curve and the attractor eventually becomes strange when the flow becomes chaotic.     

高光谱影像的鲜桃可溶性固形物含量预测模型

可溶性固形物含量(SSC)是决定鲜桃风味和品质的重要成分。高光谱影像的特征提取为无损检测可溶性固形物含量提供了数据基础和方法路径。先前的研究表明,基于多光谱、荧光谱、近红外光谱、电子鼻的水果内部品质评估取得较好的结果。但是,由于缺少多特征融合,从而限制了水果品质的精准估测。为此,提出了一种基于堆栈自动编码器-粒子群优化支持向量回归(SAE-PSO-SVR)模型预测鲜桃可溶性固形物含量。首先,利用高光谱影像提取光谱信息、空间信息及空-谱融合信息。其次,设置普适性堆栈自动编码器(SAE)提取光谱信息、空间信息及空-谱融合信息的深层特征。最后,将深层特征作为粒子群优化支持向量回归(PSO-SVR)模型的输入数据进行鲜桃可溶性固形物含量的预测。其中,对于光谱信息作为输入的SAE模型,设计了453-300-200-100-40, 453-350-250-150-50, 453-350-250-100-60的三个隐含层结构。对于空间信息作为输入的SAE模型,设计了894-700-500-300-50, 894-650-350-200-80, 894-800-700-500-100的三个隐含层结构。对于融合信息作为输入的SAE模型,设计了1347-800-400-200-40, 1347-750-550-400-100, 1347-700-500-360-150的三个隐含层结构。实验结果表明,对于输入数据分别为光谱信息、空间信息及融合信息的SAE模型,结构为453-300-200-100-40, 894-800-700-500-100和1347-750-550-400-100的模型效果较好,而且基于融合信息的模型预测精度明显优于基于光谱信息或者图像信息的模型。为了验证模型的普适性,利用结构为1347-750-550-400-100的SAE模型提取融合信息的深层特征估测不同品种鲜桃的可溶性固形物含量并进行可视化。结果表明,基于结构为1237-650-310-130的SAE-PSO-SVR模型预测效果最好(R2=0.873 3, RMSE=0.645 1)。因此,所提出的SAE-PSO-SVR模型提高了鲜桃可溶性固形物含量的估计精度,为鲜桃的其他成分检测提供了技术支撑。     

汽轮机转子在气流力和油膜力作用下的非线性动力学特性

为了分析转子在油膜力和气流激振力共同作用下的非线性振动特性，本文以短轴承支撑的不平衡刚性对称Jeffcott转子系统为研究对象，首先分析转子在非稳态油膜力作用下的振动特性，然后分析转子在油膜力和气流激振力共同作用下的非线性振动特性。采用数值模拟的方法研究了系统的分岔和混沌特性，计算结果表明，考虑气流激振力和油膜力共同作用下的转子系统与仅考虑油膜力的转子系统相比，在相对进气速度v=30m／s时，随着无量纲转速ω的增加。二者都出现了周期运动和混沌运动多次交替出现的复杂运动特性，但是前者首次出现倍周期分岔和混沌运动时的转运提前，在定转速情况下，随着v的增大，系统最终在经历周期运动之后进入混沌运动，而且圆盘中心的最大振幅随着v的增大而增大。     

Stability and Oscillations in a Time-Delayed Vehicle System with Driver Control

In this paper, linear stability and chaotic motion of a time-delayednonlinear vehicle system are studied. The stability is determined bycomputing the spectrum associated with a system of linear retardedfunctional differential equations, which reveals that a loss ofstability occurs following a Hopf bifurcation. Beyond the critical valuefor linear stability, the system exhibits limit cycle motions.Subharmonic, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions are observed for asystem excited by a periodic disturbance.     

Bifurcations and chaos in parametrically excited single-degree-of-freedom systems

The behavior of single-degree-of-freedom systems possessing quadratic and cubic nonlinearities subject to parametric excitation is investigated. Both fundamental and principal parametric resonances are considered. A global bifurcation diagram in the excitation amplitude and excitation frequency domain is presented showing different possible stable steady-state solutions (attractors). Fractal basin maps for fundamental and principal parametric resonances when three attractors coexist are presented in color. An enlargement of one region of the map for principal parametric resonance reveals a Cantor-like set of fractal boundaries. For some cases, both periodic and chaotic attractors coexist.     

Non-linear dynamic phenomena in the behaviour of a railway wheelset model

A dicone moving on a pair of cylindrical rails can be considered as a simplified model of a railway wheelset. Taking into account the non-linear friction laws of rolling contact, the equations of motion for this non-linear mechanical system result in a set of differential-algebraic equations. Previous simulations performed with the differential-algebraic solver DASSL, [2], and experiments, [7], indicated non-linear phenomena such as limit-cycles, bifurcations as well as chaotic behaviour. In this paper the non-linear phenomena are investigated in more detail with the aid of special in-house software and the path-following algorithm PATH [10]. We apply Poincaré sections and Poincaré maps to describe the structure of periodic, quasiperiodic and chaotic motions. The analyses show that part of the chaotic behaviour of the non-linear system can be fully understood as a non-linear iterative process. The resulting stretching and folding processes are illustrated by series of Poincaré sections.     

The chaotic response of a fluttering panel: The influence of maneuvering

The influence of maneuvering on the chaotic response of a fluttering buckled plate on an aircraft has been studied. The governing equations, derived using Lagrangian mechanics, include geometric non-linearities associated with the occurrence of tensile stresses, as well as coupling between the angular velocity of the maneuver and the elastic degrees of freedom. Numerical simulation for periodic and chaotic responses are conducted in order to analyze the influence of the pull-up maneuver on the dynamic behavior of the panel. Long-time histories phase-plane plots, and power spectra of the responses are presented. As the maneuver (load factor) increases, the system exhibits complicated dynamic behavior including a direct and inverse cascade of subharmonic bifurcations, intermittency, and chaos. Beside these classical routes of transition from a periodic state to chaos, our calculations suggest amplitude modulation as a possible new mode of transition to chaos. Consequently this research contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms through which the transition between periodic and strange attractors occurs in, dissipative mechanical systems. In the case of a prescribed time dependent maneuver, a remarkable transition between the different types of limit cycles is presented.Nomenclature a plate length - a _r u _r /h - D plate bending stiffness - E modulus of elasticity - g acceleration due to gravity - h plate thickness - j₁,j₂,j₃ base vectors of the body frame of reference - K spring constant - M Mach number - n 1 + ₀/g - N ₁ applied in-plane force - p–p aerodynamic pressure - P pa ⁴/Dh - q ₀/2 - Q _r generalized Lagrangian forces - R rotation matrix - R ₄ N, a ²/D - t time - kinetic energy - u plate deflection - u displacement of the structure - u _r modal amplitude - v₀ velocity - x coordinates in the inertial frame of reference - z coordinates in the body frame of reference - Ka/(Ka+Eh) - - elastic energy - 2qa ³/D - a/_mh - Poisson's ratio - material coordinates - air density - _m plate density - - _r prescribed functions - _r sin(r z/a) - angular velocity - a/v₀ - skew-symmetric matrix form of the angular velocity     

Pharmacophore mapping and electronic feature analysis for a series of nitroaromatic compounds with antitubercular activity

A five point pharmacophore was generated using PHASE for a series of nitroaromatic compounds and their congeners as antitubercular agents. The generated pharmacophore yielded significant 3D‐QSAR model with r² of 0.890 for a training set of 92 molecules. The model also showed excellent predictive power with correlation coefficient Q² of 0.857 for a test set of 31 compounds. The pharmacophore indicated that presence of a nitro group, a piperazine moiety, one aromatic ring feature and two acceptor features are necessary for potent antitubercular activity. The pharmacophore was supported by electronic property analysis using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/3–21*G level. Molecular electrostatic profile of the compounds was consistent with the generated pharmacophore model, particularly appearance of localized negative potential regions near both the oxygen atoms of nitro group extending laterally to the isoxazole ring system/amide bond in the most active compounds. Calculated data further revealed that all active compounds have smaller LUMO energies located over the nitro group, furan ring, and isoxazole ring/amide bond attached to it. Higher negative values of LUMO energies concentrated over the nitro group are indicative of the electron acceptor capacity of the compounds, suggesting that these compounds are prodrugs and must be activated by TB‐nitroreductase. The results obtained from this study should aid in efficient design and development of nitroaromatic compounds as antitubercular agents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010     

常见饮料中咖啡因的拉曼光谱定性检测

利用激光拉曼光谱仪在微弱光信号检测方面的优点,用测试范围200nm-800nm,测试精度0．1nm的激光拉曼光谱仪对几种常见饮料进行测试,将265nm处咖啡因特征峰作为判断依据,定性检出饮料中含有咖啡因。     

基于局部轮廓特征的无人机头部检测跟踪算法

针对无人机的结构特点,提出了一种基于目标轮廓提取、轮廓自动分段、头部定位以及头部模板匹配四个模块的目标头部检测跟踪算法.首先对第一帧图像提取目标轮廓,并通过计算轮廓点的变化率,对轮廓进行自动分段,得到目标的4个局部轮廓点列,进而根据头部轮廓点列的特点,完成头部轮廓筛选,然后利用基于目标中轴的二次曲线拟合,实现头部顶点的...