利用线性结构方程式模型分析胃癌患者生存质量的影响因素

本文应用因子分析和线性结构方程式模型分析和探讨胃癌患者生存质量的影响因素。结果表明癌症患者的生理状态对心理状态有显著影响 ,对癌症患者的生存质量有影响的因素有 :病情、存活时间、年龄、手术情况、性别、营养状况。     

支持向量机算法对鼻咽癌与正常鼻咽细胞株拉曼光谱分析

拉曼光谱技术在肿瘤与正常细胞株的鉴别方面有着广泛的应用。对一个已有的诊断模型进行可靠性验证是非常重要和有意义的工作。采用两种不同的支持向量机分类算法对鼻咽癌和正常鼻咽细胞株的拉曼光谱进行分析和识别,结果显示灵敏度和特异性均在90%以上,并且与已知的相关线性判别分析结果一致。结论表明,两种支持向量机算法都能较好地对细胞株进行鉴别,同时也表明拉曼光谱技术结合相关统计分类算法的方法可以实现对肿瘤细胞的准确鉴别,这一结果将进一步证实拉曼光谱可以作为鼻咽癌诊断的一种方式。     

Noninvasive Surface Detection of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Previously Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy has been applied to detecting thyroid cancer during operations and to discriminating cervical metastatic ones from non-metastatic lymph nodes. This study explored the possibility of establishing a sensitive, accurate and noninvasive screen or diagnosis by preoperative FTIR spectroscopy. 111 patients undergone a thyroid operation and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. The FTIR spectra were obtained by two mid-infrared optical fibers with an attenuated total reflectance(ATR) probe closely contacting the subjects' skin on the thyroid nodules. The FTIR spectra obtained from normal thyroid, nodular goiter(NG) and papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) patients were compared. A Fisher's discriminant analysis was created based on these data. There were 41 PTC patients and 70 NG patients according to their histopathological examinations. A total of 23(of 39) parameters were statistically different among the three groups(P<0.05). The F₁₃₀₀ and F₁₀₈₀ parameters were significantly different between the three groups. In total, 9 out of 39 FTIR parameters were selected as independent factors by the Wilks' lambda stepwise discriminant analysis. The discrimination accuracy of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the three groups was 88.8%. Surface detection of PTC by FTIR spectroscopy is feasible. FTIR spectroscopy can be used for rapid and noninvasive PTC screen and auxiliary diagnosis.     

新型2,6-二取代嘌呤衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以2,6-二氯嘌呤为原料,对其2-位和6-位进行结构修饰,合成了8个新型2,6-二胺嘌呤类衍生物(3a~3h),其结构经¹H NMR, IR和MS（ESI）表征。采用MTT法研究了3a~3h对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明: 3a, 3b, 3c, 3g具有良好的抗肿瘤活性,其中3c（IC₅₀ 65.01 μmol·L^-1）对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901的抑制作用最强。     

Effective combinatorial strategy to increase affinity of carbohydrate binding by peptides

The Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, a carcinoma-associated disaccharide involved in carcinoma cell homotypic aggregation and increased metastatic potential, has clinical value as a prognostic indicator and a marker of metastasized cells. Hence, it can reasonably be predicted that antigen-binding macromolecules are valuable clinical in vivo diagnostic/therapeutic targeting agents. Recently, we have selected first-generation antigen-binding peptides from a random peptide bacteriophage display library and have applied combinatorial affinity maturation to select functionally-maturated peptides, which target cultured carcinoma cells and inhibit carcinoma cell aggregation. In the current study we hypothesize that a targeted search of sequence space surrounding the antigen-binding consensus sequence will select unpredictable amino acid sequences in the non-consensus portions of the peptides, leading to increased affinity for the carbohydrate and greater solubility in physiological buffers. This comprehensive in vitro analysis demonstrates that preferential evolution of the amino-terminal sequence of the peptides occurred, which correlated, in structure/function studies, with the acquisition of maturated function. The maturated peptides are more soluble than the earlier peptides. Studies of peptide binding to the disaccharide indicate that two maturated peptides (P-30-1, F03) have higher affinity for the antigen and bind with higher intensity to the surface of cultured human carcinoma cells than the first-generation peptides. The results support our hypothesis that affinity maturation can improve carbohydrate binding by peptides and have theoretical importance as the first report of maturation of carbohydrate-binding affinity in a small, soluble peptide.     

Labdane diterpenes with a new oxidation pattern from the marine pulmonate Trimusculus peruvianus

Four new labdane diterpenes, 1-4, with an unusual oxidation pattern have been isolated from the marine pulmonate Trimusculus peruvianus. The structure and stereochemistry of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic data and chemical transformations. The absolute stereochemistry of 4 was assigned by application of the modified Mosher method. These compounds exhibit in vitro moderate cytotoxic activity against human colon carcinoma cell lines.     

A Texture Combined Multispectral Magnetic Resonance Imaging Segmentation for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Tumor segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is important for volume estimation and visualization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In some cases, segmentation using the general multispectral (GM) method often obtained poor results due to the high false positives caused by complex anatomic structures and serious overlap in feature space. In this study, a texture combined multispectral fuzzy clustering (TCMFC) segmentation algorithm was proposed. A texture measure of T1-weighted (T1) MR image was introduced by calculating the two-order central statistical information of every pixel within a window after the window convolution operation. The texture measure and the intensities in T1 and contrast-enhanced T1 images formed the new 3-D feature vector for fuzzy clustering implemented by semi-supervised fuzzy c-means (SFCM). Testing showed that by reducing the false positives significantly, the TCMFC method achieved improved segmentation results, compared with the GM method.     

Synthese und Antitumoraktivität voncis-Dichloroplatin(II)-Komplexen mit Östradiolderivaten

Summary Estrogen-receptor binding moieties were introduced into Pt(II) complexes in order to facilitate the selective transport into cancer cells. Estradiol esters of 2,3-diaminopropionic acid and estradiol ethers of 1,2-diamino-2-methyl-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane were attached to Pt(II) complexes. The antitumor activity of the compounds was tested towards the human mammary carcinoma cell lines MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7, respectively, and the estrogen-receptor binding affinity of the Pt(II) complexes was determined. The steroidal Pt(II) complexes gave a maximum growth inhibition of 80% and a maximum estrogen-receptor binding affinity of 5.18.

     

VP-16诱导的鼻咽癌细胞亚系多药耐受表型的研究

经VP-16 大剂量短暂冲击加递增低浓度诱导方法建立了鼻咽癌耐药细胞亚系LCE/VP.用RT-PCR和FCM 免疫荧光法检测了耐药基因MRP和m dr1 在m RNA 水平和蛋白质水平的表达,并用MTT 法测定了LCE/VP对9 种化疗药物的敏感试验. 结果发现LCE/VP细胞MRP和m dr1 在m RNA水平均有表达,且前者明显高于后者,蛋白质水平的表达情况与m RNA 水平相一致;LCE/VP对9 种化疗药物中的6 种药物敏感程度均有不同倍数的增加. 这表明LCE/VP呈典型的MDR表型,并有耐药基因MRP和m dr1 的共表达,其中MRP起主要作用     

Abnormal uterine cavity: differential diagnosis with MR imaging

The objective of the study was to assess the usefulness of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in distinguishing malignant from benign conditions in patients with an abnormal uterine cavity. Fifty-four patients that were suspected of having abnormal uterine cavities were retrospectively evaluated by using MR imaging. The diagnosis of an abnormal uterine cavity included a thickened endometrium, and/or a endometrial mass, and/or a submucosal mass. Threshold values to classify the uterine cavity as abnormal on sagittal T₂-weighted images were >10 mm for premenopausal women and >5 mm for postmenopausal women. Malignancy was diagnosed when lesions invaded the myometrial/junctional zone, and/or lesion enhancement was lower than that of the adjacent myometrium. The results found that histology confirmed 18 malignant and 37 benign lesions. Twelve of 15 endometrial carcinomas and 3 malignant mixed mesodermal tumors (MMMT) were correctly characterized as malignant on enhanced T₁-weighted images; whereas 6 of 15 endometrial carcinomas and 3 MMMT were correctly characterized on T₂-weighted images. Thirty-four of 37 benign cases were correctly characterized as not malignant on enhanced T₁-weighted images. One of 14 submucosal leiomyomas, one endometrial stromal metaplasia, and one of ten pathologically normal endometria were misdiagnosed on enhanced T₁-weighted images but were correctly diagnosed on T₂-weighted images. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for distinguishing malignant from benign central uterine masses were 83%, 92%, and 89% for enhanced T₁-weighted image, and 50%, 97%, and 82% for T₂-weighted image, respectively. We came to the conclusion that in diagnosing patients with abnormal uterine cavity, MR imaging may help differentiate malignant from benign disorders.