A Markov model for analyzing the evolution of bladder carcinoma

A Markovian approach to analyze different states of the superficial vesical carcinoma is considered, taking into account up to two recurrences and the possibility of progression. So, three transient states are considered: free of disease, first, and second recurrence; and an absorbent state, the progression. A methodology based in phase-type distributions is also used, that allows the usual quantities of interest in survival studies to be expressed in a well-structured form. This type of distribution has shown its utility in queue theory, and has the advantage that mathematical expressions can be presented in a closed form that allows algebraic treatment.     

Synthesis,X‐ray powder structure analysis and biological properties of a mononuclear Cu(II) complex of N‐2‐hydroxyhippuric acid

A mononuclear copper (II) complex of N‐2‐hydroxyhippuric acid (2HHA), [Cu(HA)(H₂O)₂], has been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and X‐ray powder diffraction studies. Crystal structure of [Cu(HA)(H₂O)₂] reveals a distorted square‐pyramidal geometry around the metal center. The crystal packing in the complex exhibits a three‐dimensional framework formed by intermolecular O? ; H···O and C? H···O hydrogen bonds. Toxicity and antitumor properties of the complex have been studied in vivo. The complex, capable of depleting glutathione (GSH) at nontoxic doses, may be utilized to sensitize drug‐resistant cells where resistance is due to an elevated level of GSH. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于免疫磁性纳米球快速高效准确检测淋巴结转移癌细胞

发展了一种基于免疫磁性纳米球(IMNs)快速、高效、准确检测淋巴结转移癌细胞(LNMCCs)的策略.首先利用本课题组发展的方法制备了具有磁性和生物靶向双功能的IMNs,然后利用IMNs通过免疫磁分选对淋巴结转移癌病人淋巴结穿刺物中的LNMCCs进行分离和富集,最后采用瑞氏染色法和免疫细胞化学(ICC)对富集的LNMCCs进行鉴定,实现对LNMCCs的快速高效准确检测.免疫磁分选实现了LNMCCs的分离和富集,可以有效降低淋巴结穿刺物中的背景干扰;瑞氏染色法和ICC鉴定为准确诊断提供了更多可靠依据,因此,传统细胞学敏感性、特异性和诊断准确率不高的问题得到明显改善.其次,淋巴结穿刺物与IMNs的孵育只需5 min,简便快速,完整保留了LNMCCs的形态学特征,为淋巴结转移癌(LNMC)的分类和后续病理学分析提供了重要基础.此外,IMNs对淋巴结穿刺物中上皮来源癌细胞的特异性捕获可以确诊捕获的细胞为LNMCCs,实现了LNMC和恶性淋巴瘤的鉴别诊断.最后,采用本方法检测了110例病人淋巴结穿刺物中的LNMCCs,总诊断准确率高达98.2%,特异性为100.0%,敏感性为98.0%,相比于传统细胞学诊断都有明显的提高.因此,IMNs用于LNMC病人淋巴结穿刺物中LNMCCs的检测是一次新的尝试,为LNMC的诊断和研究提供了新思路.     

Paradoxical high signal intensity of hepatocellular carcinoma in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI: initial experience

Purpose

To describe the paradoxical high signal intensity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the hepatobiliary phase on gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and Methods

A database search was performed to identify cases of HCC that showed unusual prolonged enhancement in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI. All patients received 3.0-T liver MRI including precontrast T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images and a post Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced dynamic study. The signal intensity of HCC was measured at pre-enhanced, arterial, portal, delayed and hepatobiliary phase using regions of interest. Radiologic and pathologic correlation was performed for the paradoxically prolonged enhancing portion of HCC in the hepatobiliary phase.

Results

Four patients (all male, age range 44-70; mean 57.5 years) were included in this study. All patients showed HCC lesions that were low signal intensity (SI) on T1-WI, high SI on T2-WI, enhanced in arterial phase, and washed-out in delayed phase. All cases showed paradoxically high SI in hepatobiliary phase, which was unusual for HCC. Pathologically, they were all diagnosed as well-differentiated HCC with prominent cytoplasm and a bile secreting appearance.

Conclusion

HCC may demonstrate the prolonged high signal intensity at the hepatobiliary phase on Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI. These HCCs tended to be highly differentiated and to have prominent bile secretion.     

胃癌危险因素病例对照研究

报告了在南昌市进行的一项胃癌危险因素的病例对照研究，共调查胃癌病人39例和对照134例，经单因素分析，发现主要危险因素为吸烟，饮烈性酒，进食快，食辛辣食物，腌菜，精神受刺激，好生闷气，胃溃疡史等，而进食规律。多吃水果则具保护作用，同时对病例和对照做了血清微量元素测定，表明胃癌患者血清中Mo、Se和Zn缺乏与胃癌的发生有关。     

In vitro evaluation of antiproliferative effect of ethyl gallate against human oral squamous carcinoma cell line KB

Although some polyphenols are known to possess anticancer activity against different cancer cell lines through induction of apoptosis, the mode of antiproliferative effect of ethyl gallate against human oral squamous carcinoma cell line KB was not studied until now. Therefore, the antiproliferative effect of ethyl gallate was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in comparison with the reference drug paclitaxel. Generation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, DNA damage and apoptosis were determined using 2,7-diacetyldichlorofluorescein fluorescence, uptake of rhodamine-123 by mitochondria, comet assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual-dye staining method. Both ethyl gallate and paclitaxel exhibited cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration for ethyl gallate was 30 and 20 μg/mL for paclitaxel. A volume of 50 μg/mL of ethyl gallate was found to be significantly effective (P < 0.05) in controlling the cancer cell proliferation leading to acute apoptosis.     

Classification of nasopharyngeal cell lines (C666-1, CNE2, NP69) via Raman spectroscopy and decision tree

Researchers have demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy can be used for characterization of tumor cells with excellent spatial resolution. However, performance evaluation of different algorithms in classifying multiclass of Raman spectra has not been reported yet. In this work, we present Raman spectra of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and nasopharyngeal normal cell lines. Combined with student’s t-test and several multivariate approaches, including decision tree, support vector classification, and linear discriminant analysis, our work shows that the relative content of two histological abnormality sensitive bands at 1449 and 1658 cm⁻¹ in tumor cells is significantly different from that of normal cells (p = 0.0132), and can be a biomarker to classify these cells. This difference is confirmed by importance analyses in the decision tree model. Furthermore, performances of statistical methods are compared with one another to explore the ability in classification. Results show that the decision tree can be more capable for classification between tumorous and normal cell lines with sensitivity and specificity of 99.0% and 96.9%, respectively. Findings of this work further support our previous work and indicate that the decision tree performs more robustly in cell classification. Our work will prove helpful to the early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and will indicate the decision tree to be the primary algorithm in tumor-cell classification.     

A free boundary problem arising from DCIS mathematical model

Ductal carcinoma in situ – a special cancer – is confined within the breast ductal only. We derive the mathematical ductal carcinoma in situ model in a form of a nonlinear parabolic equation with initial, boundary, and free boundary conditions. Existence, uniqueness, and stability of problem are proved. Algorithm and illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique in this paper. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新型2-胺基-1,3,4-噻二唑类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性的研究

设计合成了一系列新型的N1-(5-取代基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-N3-取代苯基-脲类化合物,并测定了它们的抗肿瘤活性.标题化合物对肿瘤转移的生物活性实验是以荷Lewis肺癌小鼠为模型的.生物活性表明部分标题化合物对肿瘤的转移和肿瘤生长具有较好的抑制作用.其结构经元素分析、红外光谱及1H NMR确证.     

Effects of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Apoptosis and Invasion of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma 786-0 Cells

Renal cell carcinoma is the most common cancer of the kidney, and resistant to traditional therapies. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on human renal cell carcinoma 786-0 cells. Cell proliferation was assessed with an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) staining kit. The apoptosis assay was assessed with an FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit. Caspase-3 and caspase-12 were detected by immunocytochemical staining and semi-qua...