广州地区妊娠妇女锌、钙代谢状况调查

调查了31名早孕妇女的头发锌、钙含量,其中锌为(139.0±40.1)×10-6,钙为(1081±478)×10-6;中孕妇女37名,发锌为(142.4±25.2)×10-6,钙为(666.1±143.3)×10-6;而69名晚孕妇女头发锌含量为(140.9±25.0)×10-6,钙含量为(864.7±562.8)×10-6。对照组为非妊娠健康妇女,共41名,头发锌含量为(158.1±61.9)×10-6,钙含量为(1241±546)×10-6。结果显示,三期妊娠妇女的发锌、发钙含量均显著低于正常对照组。     

富钙、锌、铜、铁营养元素莲子生产方法

通过田间中区莲子栽培实验及分析表明,加施高技术产品多元络合微量植物营养素,显著增加了莲子的营养元素含量。其钙、锌、铜,铁含量分别比普通莲子高２３．８％、９２．９％、１０９．１％、９．３％,而这几种元素正是目前儿童、孕犋 最缺乏的营养元素,该产品的问世为儿童孕妇、老年人带来福音。     

In Situ Identification of Carbonate-Containing Green Rust on Iron Electrodes in Solutions Simulating Groundwater

Open-circuit potential-time and spectral measurements were performed on ironelectrodes in aqueous solutions containing calcium carbonate to simulateground-water, to which an amount of carbon tetrachloride was added. In the case of apreoxidized iron electrode, the injection of the chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbonresulted in the formation of carbonate-containing green rust. In situ identification,performed by Raman spectroscopy, was based on bands at ca. 433, 509, and1053 cm^–1, which were assigned, respectively, to the Fe²⁺—OH stretching modeof green rust, the Fe³⁺—OH stretching mode of green rust, and the stretchingvibrations of carbonate ions in the interlayer regions of the green rust. Theassignment of the Fe²⁺—OH and Fe³⁺–OH stretching mode bands was confirmedby parallel experiments using D₂O solution. The results of the open-circuitpotential-time experiments are in good agreement with literature thermodynamic datafor iron in carbonate-containing aqueous solutions.     

Non-linear Viscoelastic Rheological Properties of PCC/PEG Suspensions

在不同的恒定频率下,研究了PCC(沉淀碳酸钙)/PEG200(聚乙二醇,平均分子量为200)分散体系的剪切变稀和剪切增稠的流变性能．随着动态剪切应力的升高,复数粘度开始不随应力而改变,而后出现明显的剪切变稀,当复数粘度达到最小值后出现强烈的剪切增稠．在固定频率5 rad/s下研究了模量以及滞后角的正切与应力幅度的关系,在低的应力下储能模量开始几乎与应力幅度无关,继而快速下降．滞后角的正切从0.6升高到92,表明体系发生了从弹性到粘性的转变,尤其在发生剪切增稠后滞后角的正切快速增大．从Lissajous图分别探索了在剪切变稀区和剪切增稠区的能量与最大应变的关系．应变周期内的消耗的能量与最大应变幅度指数关系得到了确认．在剪切变稀区指数为1.91,而在剪切增稠区由于形成了粒子簇激增至3.97．以上现象运用\粒子簇"理论得到了定性的解释．     

U:CaF_2晶体的分凝特性与光谱性质

应用TGT法生长了直径为 75mm的U :CaF2 晶体 ,宏观上透明完整 .应用公式K0 =Cs Cl 计算了U在CaF2 晶体中的分凝系数等于 0 5 3.应用溶质分布一般公式Cs=K0 C0 (1-g) K0 - 1 ,计算U的浓度分布与测量值 ,数值符合说明晶体生长过程接近平衡状态 .分析不同条件下生长的U :CaF2 晶体的晶胞参数和吸收光谱 ,结果表明生长气氛决定U的价态及电荷补偿机理 :无PbF2 存在的条件下 ,U为 4价 ,晶体呈绿色 ;PbF2 的加入起到氟化去氧作用 ,U倾向于以离子半径最接近于Ca2 的U3 存在 ,晶体呈红色 .从晶体生长开始到结束的部位 ,U3 :CaF2 晶体吸收光谱的峰位不变 ,峰强呈现与U浓度相同的增加趋势 .U3 :CaF2 晶体外层厚约 5mm处呈黄色 ,含有U3 和U2 的混合价态离子 ,其原理是石墨坩埚的还原作用通过单质铅 ,使部分的U3 进一步还原成了U2 .     

Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Calcium Hydroxide Mixed with Two Different Essential Oils

Background: Calcium hydroxide is a routinely used material for root canal disinfection during root canal treatment. Natural products have great potential in terms of their antibacterial effects. This study aimed to establish an effective alternative intracanal medicament using Origanum dubium (O. dubium) and Mentha spicata (M. spicata) essential oils. Materials and Methods: O. dubium and M. spicata, collected from Lefke, Cyprus, were separately subjected to hydrodistillation. The obtained essential oil compositions were analysed simultaneously by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The compositions were then divided into groups and mixed with calcium hydroxide at a 1:1 concentration; after that, the pastes were tested on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Candida albicans (C. albicans), which are the most common resistant pathogenic microorganisms in the root canal. The antibacterial activity of the pastes was measured using a disk diffusion assay. Results: The GC and GC-MS analyses revealed that O. dubium and M. spicata had major compositions of carvacrol (75.8%) and carvone (71.3%), respectively. Antimicrobial activity was found to be significantly higher when study groups with O. dubium essential oil were applied to both E. faecalis and C. albicans. The results also show that M. spicata, together with calcium hydroxide, demonstrated a significant antifungal effect on C. albicans when incubated for 72 h. Conclusions: M. spicata was found to be an effective antimicrobial agent on C. albicans, whereas O. dubium was found to be very effective on both E. faecalis and C. albicans. These data demonstrate that these natural essential oils may be promising candidates for alternative intracanal medicament in future routine clinical applications.     

MgO和CaO助剂在Fe-K催化剂中的作用

制备了以MgO和CaO为助剂的乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯用Fe-K催化剂,并考察了助剂对催化剂催化性能的影响.应用SEM、XRD、TPR和Mssbauer谱等手段表征了MgO和CaO对活性前驱体K2Fe22O34晶相形成及其表观体相结构的影响.结果表明,引入MgO助剂,半径相近的Mg2 与Fe3 极易发生取代形成固溶体,使活性前驱体K2Fe22O34晶相的形成温度有所降低,同时给体相结构引入氧空位,从而有利于乙苯发生晶格氧转移机理的脱氢反应,使催化剂活性提高.引入CaO助剂,提高了K2Fe22O34晶相的结晶度和苯乙烯选择性,但催化剂活性有所下降.CaO对Fe-K催化剂的还原有一定的阻碍作用,是催化剂的稳定性助剂.     

La-Ni-Al钙钛矿氧化物中Sr和Ca取代La对甲醇重整的影响

Mixed perovskite oxides with CaxLa1-xNi0.3Al0.7O3-d and SrxLa1-xNi0.3Al0.7O3-d(x=0,0.2,0.5,0.8,and 1.0;d=0.5x)components have been prepared by a sol-gel method.The effects of the partial substitution of La by Ca and Sr in dry CH4 reforming were investigated at 500-800 ℃ and 101 kPa.The resulting oxides were examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,temperature-programmed reduction,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry,and BET surface area analysis.Studies following the catalytic tests by carbon analysis show some carbon deposition on this catalytic system.The results indicate that all initial salt entered into a propionate structure,and that most of the solid solution has well defined perovskite structure with surface areas between 3.5 and 9.5 m2/g.Most of the catalysts performed well in the dry reforming,with CH4 conversions up to 90%,H2 yields up to 80%,and H2 selectivity up to 90%.Among the samples,Sr0.2La0.8Ni0.3Al0.7O2.9 showed an excellent catalytic performance in CH4 dry reforming,with a H2/CO ratio of 1,whereas Ca0.8La0.2Ni0.3Al0.7O2.6 showed the lowest coke formation(approximately 0.71%).     

Biocementation of Pyrite Tailings Using Microbially Induced Calcite Carbonate Precipitation

Tailing sand contains a large number of heavy metals and sulfides that are prone to forming acid mine drainage (AMD), which pollutes the surrounding surface environment and groundwater resources and damages the ecological environment. Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology can biocement heavy metals and sulfides in tailing sand and prevent pollution via source control. In this study, through an unconfined compressive strength test, permeability test, and toxic leaching test (TCLP), the curing effect of MICP was investigated in the laboratory and the effect of grouting rounds on curing was also analyzed. In addition, the curing mechanism of MICP was studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results showed that MICP could induce calcium carbonate precipitation through relatively complex biochemical and physicochemical reactions to achieve the immobilization of heavy metals and sulfides and significantly reduce the impact of tailing sand on the surrounding environment.     

紫外分光光度法直接测定AD钙盐中维生素A的含量

AD钙盐中的维生素A是以其乙酸酯的形态加入,而后者不溶于水。根据此性质,将AD钙盐试样用水浸取即可使维生素A与基体组分离,将不溶物分出,溶于乙醇中并定客为10mL,随即可在此试样乙醇溶液中用UV-分光光度法测定维生素A。在维生素A的吸收峰325nm波长处,用1cm石英吸收皿以乙醇作参比液测得其吸光度。用高纯度的维生素A乙醇酯（纯度99．9％）作标准制作标准曲线,得其线性回归方程为CVC=16．899A＋0．059,r=0．9996,方法的回收率在97．7％至100．1％之间。此方法远较国家标准方法和药典方法简单、可行。