液液提取-固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定人体血液中16种有机磷酸酯

人体体液中有机磷酸酯(OPEs)浓度的测定对于了解人体OPEs的暴露水平以及评估人体健康风险具有重要意义.然而,目前的研究大多数集中于尿液中OPEs代谢物含量的分析测定,将其作为人体OPEs暴露的生物标志物,而对人体血液中OPEs的分析研究较少,仅有的少量研究涉及的OPEs种类有限.该研究在优化前处理过程(固相萃取,S...     

经腹彩色多普勒超声检查对子宫内膜异位症的诊断价值

本研究选取我院100例子宫内膜异位症患者作为病例组、同期健康妇女100例作为对照组,探讨了经腹彩色多普勒超声检查对子宫内膜异位症患者子宫动脉血流特征、子宫特征的诊断价值.结果显示,病例组的子宫体积、子宫内膜厚度测定值均大于对照组(P＜0.05);摆动子宫颈后,病例组的EDV测定值低于对照组,RI测定值大于对照组(P＜(...     

Disposition Kinetics of Amitraz in Lactating Does

Amitraz, a member of the formamidine pesticide family, commonly used for ectoparasite control, is applied as a dip or low-pressure hand spray to cattle and swine, and the neck collar on dogs. Data on amitraz were generated mainly on laboratory animals, hens, dogs, and baboons. The data on the toxicity and disposition of amitraz in animals and its residues in the milk are inadequate. Therefore, the present study was intended to analyze the disposition kinetics of amitraz and its pattern of elimination in the milk of lactating does after a single dermal application at a concentration of 0.25%. Blood at predetermined time intervals and milk twice daily were collected for eight days post application. The drug concentration was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Amitraz was detected in whole blood as early as 0.5 h, which attained a peak concentration at 12 ± 5 h, followed by a steady decline; however, detection persisted until 168 h. Amitraz was present in the blood at its 50% C_max even after 48 h, and was still detectable after 7 days. The disposition after a single dermal application was best described non-compartmentally. The mean terminal half-life (t_1/2), mean residence time (MRT), and area under the curve (AUC_0–t) were 111 ± 31 h, 168 ± 39 h, and 539 ± 211 µg/mL/h, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution (Vd_area) was 92 ± 36 mL/g with an observed clearance (Cl) of 0.57 ± 0.33 mL/kg/h. Thus, the drug was well absorbed, widely distributed and slowly eliminated from the animal body. Amitraz achieved milk concentration approximating 0.2 per cent of the total dose after a single exposure and the steady-state elimination of amitraz in milk above the recommended maximum residue limit (MRL) of 0.01 mg/kg can act as a source of public health concern when applied on lactating animals.     

Use of biopartitioning micellar chromatography and RP-HPLC for the determination of blood–brain barrier penetration of α-adrenergic/imidazoline receptor ligands,and QSPR analysis

For this study, 31 compounds, including 16 imidazoline/α-adrenergic receptor (IRs/α-ARs) ligands and 15 central nervous system (CNS) drugs, were characterized in terms of the retention factors (k) obtained using biopartitioning micellar and classical reversed phase chromatography (log k_BMC and log k_wRP, respectively). Based on the retention factor (log k_wRP) and slope of the linear curve (S) the isocratic parameter (φ₀) was calculated. Obtained retention factors were correlated with experimental log BB values for the group of examined compounds. High correlations were obtained between logarithm of biopartitioning micellar chromatography (BMC) retention factor and effective permeability (r(log k_BMC/log BB): 0.77), while for RP-HPLC system the correlations were lower (r(log k_wRP/log BB): 0.58; r(S/log BB): –0.50; r(φ₀/P_e): 0.61). Based on the log k_BMC retention data and calculated molecular parameters of the examined compounds, quantitative structure–permeability relationship (QSPR) models were developed using partial least squares, stepwise multiple linear regression, support vector machine and artificial neural network methodologies. A high degree of structural diversity of the analysed IRs/α-ARs ligands and CNS drugs provides wide applicability domain of the QSPR models for estimation of blood–brain barrier penetration of the related compounds.     

Pharmacokinetic comparison of two phenolic acids after oral administration of Typhae pollen to normal rats and rats with acute cold blood stasis

Typhae Pollen, dried pollen of Typha angustifolia L., Typha orientalis Presl or other plants of the same genus (Typhaeceae), has the effect of activating the circulation to cure blood stasis in traditional Chinese Medicine. The purpose of this study was to set up an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography method that could determine p‐ hydroxybenzoic acid and vanillic acid simultaneously in rat plasma, and to compare their pharmacokinetics in normal rats and rats with acute cold blood stasis, and further to investigate the influence of different dosages of oral administration. The pharmacokinetic parameters obtained showed that both of the phenolic acids had a higher bioavailability in rats with cold blood stasis than that in normal rats with a higher area under the concentration–time curve and longer mean residence time, and the high dose oral administration group had a higher capacity in blood stasis rats than in normal rats. These results reminded us that changes in health condition could alter the absorption and elimination of both phenolic acids in vivo , and the pharmacokinetic study under pathological conditions provides important information for more rational drug use in clinical situations.     

Topical Problems in the Biosynthesis of Red Blood Pigment

Uroporphyrinogen III plays a key role in the biosynthesis of heme, the red pigment of blood. In vivo studies with specifically ¹⁴C- and ³H-labeled precursors have revealed that the formation uroporphyrinogen III in the organism follows several primary and subsidiary pathways. Model experiments on the pattern of biosynthesis have led to simple and effective methods of synthesizing uroporphyrin analogs and have shown that their production is strongly favored thermodynamically. The biologically porphyrins important thus available permit a mechanistic explanation of the light-induced dermatoses in porphyria diseases and suggest promising medical applications in diagnosis and therapy.     

慢性支气管炎急性发作期病人血中微量元素的变化分析

为观察慢性支气管炎急性女作期血液中微量元素的变化，对１０１例慢性支气管炎急性发作期病人和３０例正常人全血中锌、铁、铜及钙进行检测。结果显示：慢性支气管炎急性发作期病人锌、铁、铜和钙４种元素均明显于正常人。提示患者血中微量元素总量减少，可能是慢性支气官炎易反复感染、加剧病变发展的原因之一。认为合理补充缺乏的微量元素，有助于疾病的防治。     

Chaotic fractional‐order model for muscular blood vessel and its control via fractional control scheme

This article studies the chaotic and complex behavior in a fractional‐order biomathematical model of a muscular blood vessel (MBV). It is shown that the fractional‐order MBV (FOMBV) model exhibits very complex and rich dynamics such as chaos. We show that the corresponding maximal Lyapunov exponent of the FOMBV system is positive which implies the existence of chaos. Strange attractors of the FOMBV model are depicted to validate the chaotic behavior of the system. We change the fractional order of the model and investigate the dynamics of the system. To suppress the chaotic behavior of the model, we propose a single input fractional finite‐time controller and prove its stability using the fractional Lyapunov theory. In addition, the effects of the model uncertainties and external disturbances are taken into account and a robust fractional finite‐time controller is constructed. The upper bound of the chaos suppression time is also given. Some computer simulations are presented to illustrate the findings of this article. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 20: 37–46, 2014     

基于支持向量机的凝血功能诊断模型

使用凝血四项指标诊断凝血功能是临床的常规检查,但根据经验进行诊断正确率不高.剔除临床上最重要的指标FIB后,建立支持向量机模型诊断的正确率和根据凝血四项指标诊断的正确率没有显著差异,100次模拟的平均正确率分别达到了95.4496%和95.5039%.     

红细胞分布宽度与心房颤动负荷的关系研究

目的观察病态窦房结综合征患者心房颤动负荷与红细胞分布宽度（RDW）的关系。方法选择病态窦房结综合征植入永久性人工心脏起搏器的患者81例,回顾性分析患者入院时基本资料、血常规及生化指标。记录术后3个月起搏器记录的心房颤动负荷。根据患者心房颤动负荷分为高负荷组及低负荷组,比较分析两组患者RDW及相关临床资料。结果心房颤动高负荷组患者RDW（15.61±1.23）%,高血压比例71%,明显高于低负荷组的（13.50±1.03）%、46%（P＜0.01或0.05）。高负荷组左心房直径、左心室舒张末期内径、WBC、TG、TC均大于低负荷组（P＜0.01或0.05）。心房颤动负荷影响因素的logistic回归分析显示,RDW是心房颤动负荷高的预测因素（OR=10.32,P＜0.01）。高TG、高血压、高胆固醇也是心房颤动高发的预测因素。结论心房颤动负荷除与年龄,高血压有关外,还与RDW明显相关。RDW可成为病态窦房结综合征患者心房颤动负荷的预测因素之一。