Evaluation of carbon stripper foils produced by a nitrogen ion beam sputtering method

Carbon stripper foils having thicknesses in the range of 5–40 μg/cm² have been prepared by a nitrogen ion beam sputtering method and their lifetimes have been tested in the Van de Graaff accelerator facility with 3.2 MeV, Ne⁺ ions. The foils of 21 μg/cm² thickness had the longest mean lifetime of 1350.0 mC/cm² (irradiation dose of 8.4×10¹⁸ atoms/cm²) which was 50 times longer than that of commercial foils. However, foils with other thicknesses had extremely short lifetimes similar to commercial foils. The nitrogen content of the foils of both long and short lifetimes has been determined using elastic scattering of 3 MeV α-particles.     

Monte Carlo simulation of ion–material interactions in nuclear fusion devices

One of the key aspects regarding the technological development of nuclear fusion reactors is the understanding of the interaction between high-energy ions coming from the confined plasma and the materials that the plasma-facing components are made of. Among the multiple issues important to plasma–wall interactions in fusion devices, physical erosion and composition changes induced by energetic particle bombardment are considered critical due to possible material flaking, changes to surface roughness, impurity transport and the alteration of physicochemical properties of the near surface region due to phenomena such as redeposition or implantation. A Monte Carlo code named MATILDA (Modeling of Atomic Transport in Layered Dynamic Arrays) has been developed over the years to study phenomena related to ion beam bombardment such as erosion rate, composition changes, interphase mixing and material redeposition, which are relevant issues to plasma-aided manufacturing of microelectronics, components on object exposed to intense solar wind, fusion reactor technology and other important industrial fields. In the present work, the code is applied to study three cases of plasma material interactions relevant to fusion devices in order to highlight the code’s capabilities: (1) the Be redeposition process on the ITER divertor, (2) physical erosion enhancement in castellated surfaces and (3) damage to multilayer mirrors used on EUV diagnostics in fusion devices due to particle bombardment.     

基于平行玻璃板的半导体激光器阵列光束整形

为得到质量均衡的大功率激光束,分别以条形和面阵半导体激光器为模型,基于平行玻璃板对光束的偏移作用,对准直后激光束进行分割和重排,并在Zemax软件中进行了仿真。条形半导体激光器初始发散角为40和10,整形前已准直光束快慢轴方向的光参数积分别为0.455 2 mmmrad和20.484 mmmrad,光束质量相差较大,整形后快慢轴方向光参数积分别为2.731 2 mmmrad和3.414 0 mmmrad,实现了快慢轴方向光束质量均衡。利用平行玻璃板消除面阵半导体激光器中存在的发光死区,整形后快慢轴方向光参数积分别为7.002 mmmrad和10.242 mmmrad ,整形系统耦合效率为90.13%。     

19.5nm极紫外反射镜的研制

介绍了一种用于太阳观测19.5nm极紫外多层膜的研究工作。利用软件对规整的Mo/Si膜系结构进行了优化,拓宽了反射带宽,提高了积分反射率。采用双离子束溅射技术,时间控厚,成功制备了该反射镜。通过同步辐射反射率计测试表明,峰值反射率27.5%,均匀性在1%以内,已初步达到预设要求。     

236U AMS measurement at CIRCE

In order to measure the isotopic ratio of actinides,the upgrade of the accelerator mass spectrometry system at the Center for Isotopic Research on Cultural and Environmental heritage at the Second University of Naples,Italy,was performed.The beam emittance of 238U and the isotopic abundance sensitivity of 236U were measured on the present beam line.Utilizing a 16-strip silicon detector,the sensitivity of 236U/238U≈ 1×10-11 was obtained.     

声表面波梁式加速度传感器的优化设计

为获得传感器的优化设计,对一种声表面波梁式加速度传感器敏感机理进行了研究。从声波波动方程出发,结合有限元分析以及微扰理论对加速度作用力作用下声表面波传播特性进行分析,以此构建梁式声表面波加速度传感器敏感机理的理论模型,特别分析了压电梁材料及几何结构、振子质量对传感响应的贡献以确定传感器优化的几何参数。为验证理论分析结果,实验研制了基于ST-X石英悬臂梁结构的差分振荡式声表面波加速度传感器,并利用精密振动台对所研制传感器性能进行评价。实验结果显示,在给定加速度测试范围内,采用ST-X石英梁并延长梁长度、降低梁厚度以及采用较大的阵子质量将有效的改善传感器检测灵敏度,在±2 g范围内加速度灵敏度可达27 k Hz/g,且实验结果很好的验证了理论模型。     

JRQ and JPA irradiated and annealed reactor pressure vessel steels studied by positron annihilation

The paper is focused on a comprehensive study of JRQ and JPA reactor pressure vessel steels from the positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) point of view. Based on our more than 20 years’ experience with characterization of irradiated reactor steels, we confirmed that defects after irradiation start to grow and/or merge into bigger clusters. Experimental results shown that JPA steel is more sensitive to the creation of irradiation-induced defects than JRQ steel. It is most probably due to high copper content (0.29?wt.% in JPA) and copper precipitation has a major impact on neutron-induced defect creation at the beginning of the irradiation. Based on current PALS results, no large vacancy clusters were formed during irradiation, which could cause dangerous embrittlement concerning operation safety of nuclear power plant. The combined PALS, small angle neutron scattering and atomic probe tomography studies support the model for JRQ and JPA steels describing the structure of irradiation-induced clusters as agglomerations of vacancy clusters (consisting of 2–6 vacancies each) and are separated from each other by a distribution of atoms.     

Space-Charge Effects with REXTRAP

The beam quality of radioactive ion beams produced by present target ion source technology is often not sufficient for direct post-acceleration. Furthermore, pulsed beams insure a more efficient use of an accelerator. In the case of REX-ISOLDE, the post accelerator at the CERN ISOLDE facility, a gas-filled Penning trap (REXTRAP) has been chosen for accumulation of the radioactive ions and conversion into cooled bunches. Radial centering of the ions is achieved by applying an rf field with a frequency equal to the cyclotron frequency of the desired ion species. The efficiency achieved in the first tests with different isotopes covering nearly the entire mass range was already >20%. Going to total numbers of >10⁵ stored ions in the trap a shift of the centering frequency could be observed, which is most likely due to space charge effects. Despite this, it was possible to accumulate up to 10⁷ ions and deliver them as cooled bunches. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

重复Tesla变压器型相对论电子束加速器的初步试验

研制了一台重复率 Tesla型相对论电子束加速器。空心 Tesla变压器对充油Blumlein传输线充电 ;主开关为自击穿油间隙 ;二极管为平面阴极有箔二极管。试验在重复率为 0 .2 Hz和 1 Hz下分别进行。当重复率为 0 .2 Hz时 ,加速器连续重复放电 70次以上。二极管电压幅值 3 0 0 k V,脉宽 3 0 ns,上升沿约     

增益(损耗)介质中高功率激光束的小尺度自聚焦理论研究

将Bespalov-Talanov理论推广到介质有增益(损耗)的情形,揭示了在介质有增益或损耗从而 光强随传输距离变化的情况下小尺度自聚焦的特性.主要是在一定的输入功率下,小尺度调 制增长的临界频率、最快增长频率及其对应的最大增益(B积分)均随介质增益或传输距离的 增大而增大;对于确定的输出功率,随介质增益的提高,B积分值变小,同时最快增长频率 向低频方向移动.利用局部能量守恒定律唯象地研究了增益和损耗对激光束成丝的影响,发 现增益使成丝距离延长而损耗使成丝距离缩短.讨论了介质增益和损耗对高功率激光放大器 设计的影响.尽量使激光器在小输入高增益状态下运行,可以从某种程度上抑制因小尺度自 聚焦而导致的介质破坏效应. 关键词： 自聚焦 成丝 强激光传输