Separation of Variables for Bi-Hamiltonian Systems

We address the problem of the separation of variables for the Hamilton–Jacobi equation within the theoretical scheme of bi-Hamiltonian geometry. We use the properties of a special class of bi-Hamiltonian manifolds, called N manifolds, to give intrisic tests of separability (and Stäckel separability) for Hamiltonian systems. The separation variables are naturally associated with the geometrical structures of the N manifold itself. We apply these results to bi-Hamiltonian systems of the Gel'fand–Zakharevich type and we give explicit procedures to find the separated coordinates and the separation relations.     

欧洲近海结构用钢研究计划的进展

欧洲近海结构用钢研究计划在第一阶段(1975—80年)关于海洋焊接结构在疲劳载荷下工作性能的研究基础上,于1981—87年继续进行了第二阶段的研究工作。参加国家有欧洲经济共同体6国及挪威、加拿大等。本文综合报道第二阶段研究情况与主要成果,内容包括:板厚对疲劳强度的影响,焊后改进技术与腐蚀疲劳,疲劳载荷及变幅疲劳试验,疲劳分析的断裂力学方法,某些管节点的应力分析等;并对研究计划的背景及今后研究工作的方向作了介绍。      

密度泛函理论研究Nin,Nin±(n=1-5)团簇的结构和电子性质

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法系统研究了中性及带电Ni小团簇的基态几何结构和电子结构特性。对中性Nin(n=1-5)团簇,除去一个电子对基态几何结构所引起的变化相比增加一个电子所引起的影响要更加明显。n=4时,Ni+4,Ni4以及Ni4-较之相邻个体具有较大的能隙,但在所讨论的尺寸范围内,没有找到幻数结构。随着原子数的递增,Nin+,Nin,Nin-(n=1-5)团簇体系的磁矩总体呈上升趋势,值得关注的是：添加一个电子能够显著增强中性体系的磁性。 讨论了与实验结论符合较好的绝热电子亲和能（AEAs）以及绝热离化势（AIPs）。     

光子晶体中四能级系统的量子相干效应

研究了处于光子带隙材料中的四能级原子系统的电磁感应透明、自发辐射和光子开关效应，分析了其稳态与瞬态特性, 发现特殊的模密度能够导致反常的吸收、色散、自发辐射及瞬态无反转增益, 并可以通过外加调制场进行控制.详细讨论了特殊频率处模密度的变化对透明窗口和光子开关效应的影响. 关键词： 光子带隙材料 电磁感应透明 模密度 光子开关     

Multi-bright-dark soliton solutions to the AB system in nonlinear optics

The AB system is the basic integrable model to describe unstable baroclinic wave packets in geophysical fluids and the propagation of mesoscale gravity flows in nonlinear optics. On the basis of the spectral analysis of a Lax pair and the inverse scattering method, we establish the Riemann–Hilbert problem of the AB system. Then, the inverse problems are formulated and solved with the aid of the Riemann–Hilbert problem, from which the potentials can be reconstructed according to the asymptotic expansion of the sectional analytic function and the related symmetry relations. As an application, we obtain the multi-bright-dark soliton solutions to the AB system in the reflectionless case and discuss the dynamic behavior of elastic soliton collisions by choosing appropriate free parameters.     

Oblique interaction of electrostatic nonlinear structures in relativistically degenerate dense magnetoplasmas

We have investigated the interaction of obliquely propagating ion acoustic solitary waves in a magnetoplasma with relativistically degenerate electrons. Using the quantum hydrodynamics model and by employing the extended Poincaré–Lighthill–Kuo technique, we have derived a set of Korteweg de Vries equations for two solitons. We have observed that the system under consideration allows the formation of only compressive solitons and their velocities remain in the sub-acoustic limit. Furthermore, phase shifts of solitons as a result of their interaction have been calculated. The phase shifts have been observed to be dependent on the obliqueness and the physical parameters of plasma. It has also been noticed that phase shifts remain negative for the whole range of parameters generally found in white dwarf stars. We have observed that the phase shifts enhance with the enhancement in number density, however, the converse happens when the magnetic field is enhanced. It has also been observed that the phase shift is slightly greater for the solitons that are less oblique as compared to their more oblique counterparts. Furthermore, we have estimated the spatial scales of interaction of solitons using the parameters found in white dwarf stars.     

Broadband topological valley-projected edge-states transport in composite structure phononic crystal

The topological valley transport, realized in phononic crystals, has aroused tremendous interest in these years. Many previous researches have further promoted the development of this transport phenomenon. Crucially, the bandwidth of the valley-projected edge mode has been an essential research topic. As is well known, the broadband will improve the adaptability of the acoustic edge-states, which will be more conducive to the transmission of information. Therefore, in this paper, we present a composite structure, composed of the atoms with different shapes forming a hexagonal lattice, which can achieve larger bandwidth than a single structure. Meanwhile, the results demonstrate that the topological protected edge states are also observed in our structure. Furthermore, the backscattering suppressions from associated valley-protected edge states under certain perturbations have also been investigated and demonstrated. Our work can provide a new idea for designing acoustic devices based on valley degree of freedom.     

Passivation of aluminium–n+ silicon contacts for solar cells by ultrathin Al2O3 and SiO2 dielectric layers

Ultra‐thin thermally grown SiO₂ and atomic‐layer‐deposited (ALD) Al₂O₃ films are trialled as passivating dielectrics for metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) type contacts on top of phosphorus diffused regions applicable to high efficiency silicon solar cells. An investigation of the optimum insulator thickness in terms of contact recombination factor J_{0_cont} and contact resistivity ρ_c is undertaken on 85 Ω/□ and 103 Ω/□ diffusions. An optimum ALD Al₂O₃ thickness of ～22 Å produces a J_{0_cont} of ～300 fAcm^–2 whilst maintaining a ρ_c lower than 1 mΩ cm² for the 103 Ω/□ diffusion. This has the potential to improve the open‐circuit voltage by a maximum 15 mV. The thermally grown SiO₂ fails to achieve equivalently low J_{0_cont} values but exhibits greater thermal stability, resulting in slight improvements in ρ_c when annealed for 10 minutes at 300 °C without significant changes in J_{0_cont}. The after‐anneal J_{0_cont} reaches ～600 fAcm^–2 with a ρ_c of ～2.5 mΩ cm² for the 85 Ω/□ diffusion amounting to a maximum gain in open‐circuit voltage of 6 mV. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)