Predictable behavior of smart materials (Cu-Zn-Al SMA)

Reliability is a critical word in industrial applications of Shape Memory Alloys. Accurate and reproducible transformation hysteresis cycles and internal loops were obtained in single crystals using a high resolution automatized equipment. From a mechanical model formulated for a single martensite plate, the shape of the hysteresis cycle is obtained by generalizing the representation toN plates. The observed time effects on the hysteresis loops related to diffusion processes were also taken into account. It allows to explain the martensite recoverable creep and the micromemory effects. Also, the room temperature effects on the parent phase (for instance, summer to winter) acting over the transformation temperature are quantified.Research carried out under the project NATO 920452. Partial support from CICYT is gratefully acknowledged. V. T. acknowledges Dir. Pol. Terr. (Generalitat of Catalonia) for useful support. Fruitful discussions with Drs. F. C. Lovey and J. L. Pelegrina of CAB-Argentina (EEC-ALA/MED contract) are acknowledged.     

The mathematical modelling of a production scale sequential continuous chromatographic refiner unit

Summary A plate to plate mathematical model of a sequential gas-liquid chromatographic separator used for the continuous separation of volatile organic mixtures has been extended to include theoretically determined temperature, pressure and concentration effects. A comparison has been made of predicted values with experimental results obtained on a 12 column (7.6 cm o.d. ×61 cm) sequential continuous chromatograph when separating an equivolume mixture of Arklone P-Genklene P at feed rates of up to 1400 cm³ hr^–1.     

用SolidWorks软件辅助设计物理化学实验设备

结合实例介绍采用SolidWorks软件设计物理化学实验仪器设备。证明SolidWorks软件用于设计仪器设备不仅大大节省了设计的时间和成本,并且还能提高了设计的效率和效果。     

Design of a production gas chromatograph for separating heat-sensitive materials

Summary A rational design procedure for production and preparative chromatography has previously been devised. Here the procedure is applied to designing a pilot scale production gas chromatograph for separating two heatsensitive essential oil mixtures: geraniol/nerol and -/-pinenes. Analytical scale experiments provide some of the data required. A critical feature of the design is that these materials degrade at temperatures well below their boiling points. The design study leads, first, to selection of carrier gas, stationary phase and solid support materials, and then to quantitative determination of column temperature, evaporator temperature, feed concentration in the carrier gas, column diameter, particle size of support, carrier velocity, ratio of recycled to inject feed, injection time, column length, and liquid phase loading.Presented at the 14th International Symposium on Chromatography London, September, 1982.     

Mass and heat transfer effects in continuous production scale gas-liquid chromatographic equipment

Summary A study has been made of the temperature and related solute concentrations in a 12 column (7.6 cm OD×61 cm) sequential continuous chromatograph at feed rates of up to 1400 cm³hr^–1 of Arklone P-Genklene P. Moving the feed point from the middle of a column to the end cone was found to be particularly beneficial. Besides increasing throughput it enabled the system Arklone P and dichloromethane (separation factor 1.17) to be separated, not previously possible with a central feed point.     

Polysulfone nanofibers prepared by electrospinning and gas/jet-electrospinning

Polysulfone nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The electrospinning equipment was designed in a new way, wherein the spinneret was combined with a gas jet device. The intrinsic viscosity of the used polysulfone was 0.197 dL/g in dimethyl acetamide, which was also the solvent in electrospinning. The gas used in this gas jet/electrostatic spinning was nitrogen. The relationship between the process parameters and the average diameter of polysulfone nanofibers was investigated. The main process parameters studied in this work were the voltage, the flow rate of the spinning fluid, the distance between the spinneret and the nanofiber collector and the temperature in the spinning chamber. The other important factors determining the nanometer diameter were the spinning fluid properties including its viscosity, surface tension and electrical conductivity. The average diameter and the diameter distribution of electrospinning nanofibers were measured experimentally by using scanning electron microscopy. The diameter of polysulfone nanofibers prepared by the gas jet/electrostatic spinning was in the range 50–500 nm. It was found that the diameter of nanofibers mainly depended on high voltage, the gap between the spinneret and the collector and the concentration of polymer solutions. It is concluded that the gas-jet/electrospinning is a better method than the conventional electrospinning, in that it makes the nanofibers finer and more uniform and exhibits higher efficiency in the process of electrospinning. __________ Translated from Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2005, (5) (in Chinese)     

中国高端装备制造业的技术创新能力:2004～2014

为了评价中国高端装备制造业的技术创新能力,采用技术创新投入、技术创新开展、技术获取和技术创新产出等4个一级指标,以及RD经费、专利申请数等9个二级指标,构建了中国高端装备制造业技术创新能力的评价指标体系.依据这些评价指标体系分析和评价了中国通用设备制造业、专用设备制造业等六大类高端装备制造业在2004~2014年间的技术创新能力.根据评价结果,针对不同产业存在的具体问题,提出了加强产业技术创新能力建设的对策.     

一种车辆状态通用自动监测装置设计与实现

当前装备车辆底盘数据大都通过仪表盘进行显示,而没有对数据进行采集和存储,造成对车辆的基本状态无法进行有效的评估和故障趋势分析;针对这种情况,设计一种对车辆底盘运行参数进行采集和存储的装置,通过一个通用的多PIN接口与车辆仪表盘信号线相连,采用高速AD芯片、高速主控芯片和RS485通讯接口实现对仪表盘接线输出信号的采集、计算与数据的传输存储;应用表明,此装置解决了多种车辆底盘参数的采集记录问题,具有广泛的推广应用价值。     

基于PLC的常规加注模拟训练设备控制系统的设计与实现

根据常规加注模拟训练设备实际的控制要求,设计了以PLC作为核心控制器的训练设备控制系统,概述了该系统的硬件设计,详细介绍了基于集成开发环境的软件设计;经过实验室测试和现场联调,该系统实现了多种加注工艺流程、数据实时监测、手/自动控制、故障分析及处理、参数设置与储存等功能,不仅能够满足训练设备所有的控制要求,还具备强大的远程控制能力和人机交互能力,有良好的可靠性和实时性。     

合成仪器技术在通用无线数传测试设备的应用研究

军用测试设备在无线通讯测试领域正面临着设备数量多、体积大、成本高、拓展性差的难题,合成仪器技术为此提供了良好的解决方案。文中提出了将合成仪器技术应用于通用无线数传测试设备,给出了具体的功能需求分析及合成仪器软硬件体系架构并对其中各功能模块的组合与共用方案进行了讨论,介绍了通用无线数传测试设备应用的合成仪器关键技术以及这些关键技术在硬件资源共用、测试性能指标和拓展性方面带来的改进与提升,能够实现通用测试设备向小型化、通用化、低成本化发展的目标。