Mode Localization Induced by a Nonlinear Control Loop

We present the analysis of a nonlinear controlsystem that is used to excite and maintain a specified amplitude ofoscillation in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory vibratory gyroscope.This experimental application shows that nonlinear localizationthrough active means can be implemented in a practical system when itis desirable to confine the response to a favorable mode. Theclosed-loop system response predicted by the model shows very closeagreement with the experimental results for a significant range ofcontroller parameters. We also experimentally demonstrate that theactively localized motion is eliminated through bifurcation, similarto what was observed in previous passive localization studies appliedto extended flexible oscillators.     

子孔径拼接技术在大口径高陡度非球面检测中的应用

 为了能够精确地完成对大口径高陡度非球面在细磨和抛光过程中的测量,提出了一种将子孔径拼接技术和补偿技术相结合的检测方法。介绍了该方法的基本原理,建立了合理的数学模型,编制了拼接计算软件。利用该方法对一外形尺寸为400 mm×300 mm的高次离轴非球面进行了测试,通过最小二乘法拟合消去各子孔径相对基准子孔径的调整误差以及整个系统的装调定位误差,得到了准确的全孔径面形分布。对实验精度和误差来源进行了分析,并将拼接面形与全孔径测量面形相对比,二者是一致的。     

一种三次非旋转对称的相位板的检测系统设计

作为零位干涉检测方法中非常有前途的一种方法.计算全息可以用于非旋转对称的非球面的检测.以三次相位板为例,阐述了利用计算全息图检测非旋转对称的非球面的基本原理.分析并推导了三次相位传播过程引入的高阶波像差的理论公式,给出了三次相位板的检测系统的没计结果.详细讨论了计算全息图衍射级次的分离以及计算全息图的二元化,给出了振幅型的计算全息图的图样.计算全息图的刻线最小问隔是40μm,计算全息图的制作精度对检测结果的波前误差的影响仅仅为0.005λ.对检测系统作了详细的公差分析,结果表明所有调整公差对整个检测系统的影响和方根值为83.954 nm.     

高反射膜激光零几率损伤阈值的实验研究

在确定光学薄膜激光损伤阈值的实验数据处理过程中,发现一些样品的数据点分布偏离直线型式。对此,用国际标准规定的零几率来确定损伤阈值的同时,对测试数据点采用了不同的非直线拟合,也得到一个零几率损伤阈值。比较两者差异,并与实验测试结果对照,发现这些样品采用非直线拟合得出的零几率损伤阈值与实际情况更接近一些。     

Detection of stress whitening in plastics with the help of X-ray dark field imaging

The processing of thermoplastics can induce a wide range of defects such as stress whitening, cavitation and porosity, which can adversely affect the reliability of the final products. Hence, fast and effective non-destructive detection methods for such defects are highly important for quality assurance on production lines. In this paper, X-ray dark field imaging is presented as a new non-destructive testing method that allows the visualization of stress whitening or cavitation efficiently. The performance of the method is demonstrated for the case of an injection-moulded polyvinylidene fluoride part that exhibits stress whitening. Whereas the stress whitening could not be detected by conventional X-ray imaging, it was localized by an X-ray dark field image acquired within a few minutes. Once the precise location of the stress whitening was known, it was possible to verify the result by local micro X-ray computed tomography and by a micro section image.     

痰涂片阳性肺结核患者分枝杆菌培养及药敏结果743例分析

目的研究衢州地区痰涂片阳性肺结核患者对常用抗结核药物的耐药情况,为结核病控制和临床用药提供对策.方法对衢州地区的743例痰涂片阳性肺结核患者痰标本进行酸性改良罗氏培养基痰培养,将培养阳性菌株以硝基苯甲酸(PNB)培养基和噻吩-2-2羧酸肼(TCH)培养基进行菌种鉴定,采用绝对浓度间接法对异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RFP)、链霉素(SM)、氧氟沙星(OFLX)、乙胺丁醇(EMB)、卡那霉素(KM)6种抗结核药物进行敏感性试验.结果743例获得菌种鉴定和药物敏感试验结果者中有结核分枝杆菌复合群728例(97.98%),非结核分枝杆菌15例(2.02%).728例结核分枝杆菌复合群中总耐药率为26.63%,初治耐药率为19.35%,复治耐药率为57.32%;总耐多药率为5.36%,初治耐多药率1.39%,复治耐多药率36.59%.6种抗结核药物的耐药顺序依次为INH 8.20%、SM 7.74%、OFLX 4.80%、RFP 1.86%、KM 1.24%、EMB 1.08%.结论衢州地区肺结核患者中耐药情况较为严重,应开展分枝杆菌培养和药敏试验并根据药敏结果组成个体化化疗方案,同时进一步落实和提高非住院肺结核患者全面监督化学治疗(DOTS)质量,提高各类患者的治愈率,减少各种耐药的发生概率.     

Automatic Headspace Sampling for Determination of Ethylene Dibromide Residues in Cereals

Abstract

The possibility was investigated to apply a commercially available automatic head-space sampler in trace analysis of ethylene dibromide (EDB, 1,2-dibromoethane), in cereals.

Samples of rice and wheat flour were thermostatted in closed vials at 70[ddot]C for 30min. The top gas was then automatically introduced into a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. Quantitation was performed using external standards (untreated samples spiked with solutions of EDB in N,N′-dimethylacetamide).

The relative standard deviation of the method was 3.4% for rice and 4.5% for wheat flour, at a residue level of 0.008 mg/kg. The detection limit was 0.001 mg/kg (the official EC residue tolerance is 0.01 mg/kg).

Preliminary experiments with other fumigants were carried out as well.

The headspace technique in question has the following advantages over other methods for determining EDB residues in cereals: 1. No sample pre-treatment like extraction, steam distillation, purge and trap etc.; 2. Automated sample handling; 3. “Clean” chromatograms.     

Importance of verifying queue model assumptions before planning with simulation software

This case study uses empirical data gathered at an Australian refinery to verify the assumptions for queue distributions before using special-purpose software to plan the off-road-truck hauling of titanium dioxide to a refinery (n = 773). Easy-to-use spreadsheet software is utilized to verify assumptions for queue models. Managers are able to make decisions based on economic implications of queue models to avoid making costly planning mistakes. Analysts can use nonparametric hypothesis-testing techniques to verify distribution assumptions for optimization without having to write hard-to-maintain and complex algebraic linear equations or nonlinear search routines.     

Sealed Sources. Some Aspects of Development and Production in the German Democratic Republic

Industrially advanced countries and inereasingly also agricultural countries today use radioisotopes as labelled compounds or scaled sources in order to solve their scientific and technological problems.     

Zur Ermittlung der günstigsten Integrationszeitkonstanten bei der Durchstrahlungsprüfung

Bei der kontinuierlichen Durchstrahlungsprüfung von Werkstücken werden überwiegend Meßeinrichtungen, bestehend aus ⁶⁰Co-Strahlungsquelle, Szintillationsdetektor und schreibendem Meßgerät, verwendet 1.