汽车消费、住房抵押贷款违约特性及对策

本通过对比住房抵押贷款和汽车消费贷款的违约特性，得出在利率由央行统一规定的条件下，对住房抵押贷款和汽车消费贷款，实行同样的首付款政策是不合理的，这导致目前汽车消费贷款的违约率居高不下。对于住房抵押贷款，银行可以适当降低首付款，来提高本银行住房抵押贷款在市场的竞争力，对于汽车消费贷款，可以通过采取提高汽车贷款首付款的措施，来降低违约率，控制抵押贷款风险。     

基于LabWindows/CVI的楼宇供水防泄漏自动测控系统的设计

针对智能楼宇供水管网的泄漏测控问题,提出了一种基于LabWindows/CVI虚拟仪器的新型测控系统设计方案。系统在结构上分为测控节点、楼层节点和中心节点三部分,基于ZigBee无线传感网络实现硬件互联。测控节点采用光电传感电路检测泄漏,发生泄漏时自动切断对应支路水源,并将报警信息经楼层节点发往管理中心,中心节点基于LabWindows/CVI虚拟仪器程序接收并处理数据,实现泄漏定位、示警及相关数据库操作。测试表明,系统的平均泄漏检出率达99.8%、判定准确率达99.9%,测控精度高、可靠性强,能够很好地满足智能楼宇供水泄漏的高精度自动测控需求、保障建筑楼体及内部财物免受漏水威胁。     

机械抖动激光陀螺惯导系统自动补偿研究

分析了采用旋转补偿方法时陀螺常值漂移与位置误差的关系；由于旋转补偿，陀螺的长期漂移对位置误差的影响大大削弱，陀螺的随机游走误差相对而言将引起较为严重的位置误差，文中采用随机过程理论推导了随机游走对位置误差的影响；最后给出了仿真结果。     

A Rapid-Scanning Spectrometer with Wavelength Synchronization by a Laser Rotary Encoder for Versatile Applications to Atomic Emission Spectrometry

A rapid-scanning spectrometer was developed for versatile use in atomic emission spectroscopy. The sine bar was removed and a laser rotary encoder was fitted to the grating shaft for wavelength synchronization. The pulses produced by the encoder when the grating shaft was driven back and forth in sector movements were counted to detect the grating angle and the wavelength. The wavelength accuracy and precision obtained were ±0.26 and ±0.013 nm, respectively. The maximum scanning speed was limited below 4000 nm/s by a malfunction in wavelength synchronization. The rapid-scanning spectrometer was successfully used for multielement determinations, correction of background emission, and characterization of an inductively coupled plasma.     

机动误差自动补偿在平台罗经中的应用

在平台罗经中,机动误差是影响系统精度的一个重要因素。为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种对机动误差进行自动补偿的方法,该方法以断摆补偿和加速度补偿为基础,对海情自动判别,从而使机动误差的补偿更加及时、准确,提高了系统精度和可靠性。     

实现3-2译码及2-3编码的射极根合逻辑电路

本文运用作者最近提出的适用于射极藕合逻辑电路(ECL)设计的代数系统进行了3-2译码器及2-3编码器的ECL电路设计.它们不仅结构简单,而且适用于做成全译码电路及通用编码电路.     

壁湍流相干结构的辨识

本文评价了辨识湍流边界层近壁区域相干结构的条件采样法、自相关函数法、数字滤波法和子波分析法。结果表明：条件采样方法对门限值和平均窗宽等检测参数具有较强的依赖性，可以通过调整这些参数来选择最佳的参数值使得相干结构的误判概率达到最小。自相关函数法不需要任何参数就能够得出确定的结论，因此是一种比较客观的方法。但是，这种方法只能从统计上确定平均猝发周期，并不能实时地辨识相干结构。数字滤波法能够将湍流脉动信号分解为大尺度涡和近似各向同性的小尺度涡两部分，但是如何去掉大尺度信号中的非相干部分是仍然需要解决的问题。子波分析是分解湍流信号辨识湍流相干结构的有效手段，它能够将湍流信号在时域空间和频域空间进行双局部化分解，用能量最大准则确定相干结构对应的时间尺度参数，用子波逆变换提取相干结构对应的速度信号波形     

一种基于有限元网格的车身CAD曲面数据修复方法

针对车身CAD中非同构数据格式间的转换使自由形体的近似值发生变化而导致曲面片之间产生缝隙或网格叠加的情况,提出了一种基于有限元网格、应用于车身CAD曲面网格数据自动修复的方法。该方法还能够在一定程度上局部修复原来划分有缺陷的网格,从而降低对车身CAD模型有限元网格划分的质量要求,并通过工业复杂成形件的实际处理结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种锗晶体光码盘的分划制作工艺研究

为了在锗晶体光坯上制作出满足要求的码盘图案,分别采用正性光刻胶和负性光刻胶,先镀膜后照相和先照相后镀膜的工艺路线进行工艺实验,并对实验结果进行分析,得出结论:用负性光刻胶按先照相后镀膜的工艺路线为锗晶体光码盘分划制作工艺的最佳方案。实验结果表明:加工出的图案明暗对比度大、边缘不均匀性小于0.008 mm,可实际应用于锗晶体上分划图案的制作。     

Study on the Preparation of Cr‐based Catalysts Doped by Zn using Sol–Gel Auto‐Combustion Method and Its Application for Synthesis of 1‐Chloro‐2,3,3,4,4,5,5‐heptafluorocyclopentene

High‐surface‐area chromium‐based catalysts in the presence of a small amount of zinc were prepared via a sol–gel auto‐combustion method using chromic nitrate, zinc nitrate, and citric acid. First, the auto‐combustion behavior of the dried gel was investigated by derivative thermogravimetry and (DTG)‐TG and infrared (IR) techniques. The results revealed that the dried gel exhibited self‐propagating combustion properties. Second, the as‐burnt powders were characterized by IR , X‐ray diffraction (XRD) , Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis (BET) , and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) . The findings showed that the gels were directly converted into CrZn ‐O nanoparticles with high surface area during the auto‐combustion process. Third, the pre‐fluorination Cr‐Zn catalysts were characterized by XRD , BET , SEM , X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) , and Fourier transform (FT)‐IR spectroscopy of pyridine adsorption techniques. It was found that the presence of zinc led to significant structural changes in the catalyst, the particle size was smaller, the surface area became larger, and more active sites appeared. Finally, the catalytic activities of the samples were tested for the fluorination of 1,2‐dichlorohexafluorocyclopentene (1,2‐F6 ) with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. The obtained results indicated that the pre‐fluorination activated Cr‐Zn catalysts prepared by this sol–gel auto‐combustion method exhibited high efficiency in the synthesis of cyclic hydrofluorocarbons.